Pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime injected peritoneally in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Peritonitis is the most frequent complication in patients under continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Intraperitoneal administration of ceftazidime in a dose of 125 mg per liter dialysate achieved serum concentrations higher than the minimal inhibitory concentrations of most organisms in spite of low peritoneal clearance. Serum concentration was stable up to the 120th hour. Dialysate osmolarity had no influence on serum concentration, peritoneal absorption or clearance of ceftazidime. Peritoneal inflammation did not cause changes in ceftazidime pharmacokinetics. Ceftazidime used alone as the first choice treatment was successful in 85%, of cases.     

Head-to-head comparison of prostatic urethral lift and water vapor thermal therapy for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: a real-life study

Purpose

This study aimed at reporting a head-to-head comparison between water vapor thermal therapy using the Rezūm? system and prostatic urethral lift using the Urolift? system in men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Patients and methods

From December 2017 to November 2019, consecutive patients who underwent Rezūm? and Urolift? procedures in two urology centers have been retrospectively considered. Only patients with a prostate size less than 80 mL were included. We used the PSM method to adjust baseline differences between both groups. The co-primary endpoint included the change in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and IPSS- quality of life (QoL) from baseline to 12 months.

Results

A total of 61 (52.1%) and 56 (47.9%) patients underwent Rezum? and Urolift? procedures, respectively. After PSM adjustment, 24 patients were included in both groups. No serious adverse events occurred (>?Clavien II) in both groups. At 12 months, higher IPSS improvement was observed in the Rezum? group (median:4 [IQR 3–5]) than in the Urolift? group (median:8 [IQR 7–12]), without statistical difference (p?=?0.08). The improvement in term of QoL at 12 m was similar (p?=?0.43). The retreatment rates were 25% (Urolift?) and 8.3% (Rezum?), p?=?0.24. Erection and ejaculatory function scores did not change significantly in either treatment group. Results in the full cohort showed that Rezum? appeared to deliver greater improvements for IPSS and IPSS-QoL (p?<?0.001 and p?=?0.006, respectively) and lower reintervention rate (p?=?0.006) than Urolift?.

Conclusions

In this small retrospective study, our results indicate that both Rezum? and Urolift? provide a clinically significant improvement in symptoms and QoL, although some of these improvements were greater in the Rezum? arm. Future studies are needed to definitively assess which treatment would be best suited for each patient.

     

Establishment of a novel anaplastic large-cell lymphoma-cell line (COST) from a 'small-cell variant' of ALCL.

Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a distinct biological and cytogenetic entity with a broad spectrum of morphological features (common type, small-cell variant and lymphohistiocytic variant). Few cell lines of ALCL are available and they all originate from primary tumors demonstrating the common type morphology (ie large-sized lymphoma cells). We established a new ALCL cell line (COST) from the peripheral blood of a patient with a small-cell variant of ALCL, at diagnosis. Cells growing in vitro and in SCID mice consisted of two populations, that is, small- and large-sized cells as seen in the patient's tumor. Both large and small malignant cells were positive for CD43/MT1 T-cell associated antigen, perforin, granzyme B and TIA-1, but negative for CD2, CD3, CD5, CD7, CD4 and CD8 antigens. Standard cytogenetic studies as well as multiplex FISH confirmed the presence of the canonical t(2;5)(p23;q35) translocation, but also revealed additional numerical and structural abnormalities. The COST cell line is the first ALCL small-cell variant cell line, and thus provides a potentially useful tool for further functional and molecular studies that should improve our understanding of the small-cell variant of ALCL, which is more frequently complicated by a leukemic phase.     

La mort subite cardiaque chez la femme,registre du nord de la Tunisie

BackgroundSudden cardiac death is a major public health problem. Epidemiological and clinical differences according to gender have been described in sudden cardiac death. The aim of this study was to examine the gender differences between autopsy findings and circumstance of occurrence associated with sudden cardiac death.MethodsWe prospectively collected epidemiological and autopsy data of victims of sudden cardiac death occurring in the northern governorates of Tunisia between January 2013 and December 2019. Symptoms preceding death, circadian, weekly and seasonal variations of sudden death were also analyzed.ResultsThe study population included 1834 men and 468 women with a mean age of 56.5 ± 14.2 years. All cardiovascular risk factors except smoking were significantly more frequent among women but ischemic heart disease was the most common cause of death in men (51.3 %, versus 28 %, P < 0.001). Women were more likely to have a negative macroscopic autopsy than men (34 % versus 23.6 %, P < 0.001). Chest pain preceding sudden death was more frequent in male (24 % versus 13.2 %, P < 0.001). In contrast, women were more likely to have dyspnea (8.1 % versus 15.6 %, P < 0.001). Sudden death in women occurred indoors more often than in men (63.9 % versus 54.5 %, P < 0.001) and also more often during night (midnight to 6 am). We also recorded an excess cardiac mortality in winter in both sexes.ConclusionsWomen had considerably more cardiovascular risk factors and more commonly negative macroscopic autopsy. Death occurred indoors and during night more often than in men.     

Safety,Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Single and Repeat Doses of Nemiralisib Administered via the Ellipta Dry Powder Inhaler to Healthy Subjects

Purpose

Novel therapies to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are highly desirable. The safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of nemiralisib, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ inhibitor, administered via the Ellipta dry powder inhaler (GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina) was evaluated, including an assessment of oral bioavailability.

Psoriatic arthritis and physical activity: a systematic review

Clinical Rheumatology - The positive effects of physical activity in both rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis have been proven, but no clear data is yet published regarding psoriatic...