Wie häufig werden Patienten mit depressiven Störungen in der hausärztlichen Praxis erkannt?

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz - Hausärzte sind als Primärversorger für Patienten mit depressiven Störungen entscheidende Weichensteller...     

Comparison of arthroplasty trial publications after registration in ClinicalTrials.gov

In 2005, the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors established a mandatory trial registration before study enrollment for publication in member journals. Our primary objective was to evaluate the publication rates of arthroplasty trials registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (CTG). We further aimed to examine the consistency of registration summaries with that of final publications. We searched CTG for all trials related to joint arthroplasty and conducted a thorough search for publications resulting from registered closed trials. Of 101 closed and completed trials, we found 23 publications, for an overall publication rate of 22.8%. Registration of arthroplasty trials in CTG does not consistently result in publication or disclosure of results. In addition, changes are frequently made to the final presentation of the data that are not reflected in the trial registry.     

First report of natural infection in hedgehogs with Leishmania major, a possible reservoir of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Algeria

We report here the first known cases of natural infection of hedgehogs with Leishmania major. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an important public health problem in the area of M'sila, a semi-arid province in Algeria's northern Sahara, where two species of hedgehog live, Atelerix algirus and Paraechinus aethiopicus. The aim of this research was to survey Leishmania infection in these hedgehogs and evaluate whether they were reservoir hosts of Leishmania in an endemic zoonotic focus of leishmaniasis. Serological and molecular methods were used to determine the presence of Leishmania in 24 hedgehogs caught directly by hand and identified at species level as 19 A. algirus and 5 P. aethiopicus. Specific anti-Leishmania antibodies were detected in 29.2% of individuals by Western blot and in 26.3% by ELISA. The real-time PCR performed in spleen, ear and blood samples detected Leishmania spp. DNA in 12.5% of the individuals, one A. algirus and two P. aethiopicus. Three skin and two spleen samples of these animals were found to be parasitized and were identified by molecular test as L. major. Considering our results, it is suggested that hedgehogs have a potential epidemiological role as reservoir hosts of L. major.     

Meta-analysis and systematic review of clinical outcomes comparing mobile bearing and fixed bearing total knee arthroplasty

Mobile bearing (MB) knee replacements were designed with the goal of increased conformity and decreased bearing wear. We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials comparing outcomes of MB and fixed bearing (FB) total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We identified 14 studies reporting our primary outcome of Knee Society Scores (KSS). We also pooled data for post-operative range of motion (ROM) and Hospital for Special Surgery scores (HSS). The standard difference in mean outcome scores for KSS and HSS demonstrated no difference between groups (P = .902, and P = .426 respectively). Similarly, the pooled data for ROM showed no difference between groups (P = .265). The results of this study found no significant differences between clinical outcomes of MB and FB TKA.     

Placental miR-1301 is dysregulated in early-onset preeclampsia and inversely correlated with maternal circulating leptin

Introduction

miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs important for the regulation of mRNA in many organs including placenta. Adipokines and specifically leptin are known to be dysregulated in preeclampsia, but little is known regarding their regulation by miRNAs during pregnancy.

Methods

We performed high-throughput sequencing of small RNAs in placenta from 72 well-defined patients: 23 early-onset preeclampsia (PE), 26 late-onset PE and 23 controls. The regulation of some miRNAs was confirmed on qRT-PCR. Maternal circulating levels and placental mRNA of leptin, resistin and adiponectin were measured using Bio-Plex and qRT-PCR.

Results

We found that miR-1301, miR-223 and miR-224 expression was downregulated in early-onset PE, but not in late-onset PE, compared to controls. In silico analysis predicted the leptin gene (LEP) to be a target for all three miRNAs. Indeed, we found significant correlation between maternal circulating levels of leptin and placental LEP expression. In addition, we found a significant inverse correlation between maternal circulating leptin/placental LEP expression and placental miR-1301 expression levels. Interestingly, placental expression of miR-1301 was also correlated with newborn weight percentile and inversely correlated with both maternal systolic and diastolic blood pressure prior to delivery.

Discussion

Our results confirm that placenta is a major site of LEP expression during pregnancy. It further suggests that miR-1301 could be involved in the regulation of leptin during pregnancy and may play a role in early-onset PE.

Conclusions

miR-1301 is dysregulated in early-onset preeclampsia and could possibly play a role in the regulation of leptin during pregnancy.     

Sexual activity in Moroccan men with ankylosing spondylitis

The aim of this study was to assess the perceived impact of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) on sexual activity within Moroccan men and to identify the associations with demographic, psychological status, quality of sleep, and disease-related variables. A total of 110 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of AS according to the modified New York classification criteria were invited to participate in the study. Patients completed a questionnaire, which also included questions relating to the impact of AS on their sexual function, socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. The patient sample comprised 110 men. The mean age of patients was 38.5 ± 12.6 years. Among the 110 patients, only 73 (67 %) have already had sexual activity. In this group of patients, 32 (44 %) were unsatisfied, 30 (41 %) reported erectile dysfunction, and 28 (38.4 %) had orgasmic trouble. Multivariate analysis showed that fatigue and sleep disturbance were independently associated with erectile dysfunction. This study suggests that AS in men seems to impact on sexual lives. Fatigue and sleep disturbance were independently associated with perceived problems with sexual activity.