全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2266篇 |
免费 | 92篇 |
国内免费 | 18篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 12篇 |
儿科学 | 251篇 |
妇产科学 | 43篇 |
基础医学 | 165篇 |
口腔科学 | 42篇 |
临床医学 | 149篇 |
内科学 | 630篇 |
皮肤病学 | 13篇 |
神经病学 | 172篇 |
特种医学 | 284篇 |
外科学 | 279篇 |
综合类 | 68篇 |
预防医学 | 64篇 |
眼科学 | 42篇 |
药学 | 83篇 |
中国医学 | 4篇 |
肿瘤学 | 75篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 9篇 |
2022年 | 11篇 |
2021年 | 51篇 |
2020年 | 33篇 |
2019年 | 31篇 |
2018年 | 61篇 |
2017年 | 31篇 |
2016年 | 42篇 |
2015年 | 33篇 |
2014年 | 51篇 |
2013年 | 87篇 |
2012年 | 138篇 |
2011年 | 144篇 |
2010年 | 77篇 |
2009年 | 67篇 |
2008年 | 116篇 |
2007年 | 104篇 |
2006年 | 98篇 |
2005年 | 100篇 |
2004年 | 78篇 |
2003年 | 69篇 |
2002年 | 77篇 |
2001年 | 56篇 |
2000年 | 46篇 |
1999年 | 37篇 |
1998年 | 58篇 |
1997年 | 41篇 |
1996年 | 24篇 |
1995年 | 17篇 |
1994年 | 30篇 |
1993年 | 25篇 |
1992年 | 39篇 |
1991年 | 28篇 |
1990年 | 39篇 |
1989年 | 34篇 |
1988年 | 46篇 |
1987年 | 35篇 |
1986年 | 31篇 |
1985年 | 49篇 |
1984年 | 25篇 |
1983年 | 25篇 |
1982年 | 17篇 |
1981年 | 14篇 |
1980年 | 16篇 |
1979年 | 16篇 |
1978年 | 19篇 |
1977年 | 23篇 |
1975年 | 16篇 |
1973年 | 10篇 |
1972年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有2376条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
Sandeep Mahajan Suresh C Tiwari Vikram Kalra Dipankar M Bhowmik Sanjay K Agarwal Suresh C Dash Parveen Kumar 《Peritoneal dialysis international》2005,25(5):473-477
BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus-associated peritonitis and catheter exit-site infections (ESIs) are important causes of hospitalization and catheter loss in patients undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis. Intranasal and topical use of mupirocin has been found to be an effective strategy in decreasing S. aureus-related infectious complications in persons who are carriers of S. aureus; however, there is no consensus regarding the prophylactic use of mupirocin irrespective of carrier status. We aimed to determine the potential effectiveness of application of mupirocin cream at the catheter exit site in preventing ESI and peritonitis irrespective of carrier status in a tropical country such as India. METHODS: This prospective historically controlled study was done in a total of 40 patients. From August 2003, all patients, incident and prevalent, were instructed to apply 2% mupirocin cream daily to the exit site instead of the older practice of povidone-iodine and gauze dressing. Patients were not screened to determine whether they were S. aureus carriers. The infection-related data for 1 year, until July 2004, were compared with the historical control, which was infection-related data for the year preceding the year of mupirocin application. RESULTS: Mean age of the study population was 62 years, with 61.8% being male and 64.3% being diabetic. Local application of mupirocin led to a significant reduction in the incidence density per patient-month of both ESI and peritonitis compared to controls (0.15 vs 0.37 and 0.37 vs 0.67, p = 0.01 for both). This amounted to a relative reduction of 60.5% and 55% respectively. ESI and peritonitis due to S. aureus were also significantly lower in the study group compared to controls (incidence density per patient-month 0.05 vs 0.13 and zero vs 0.17 respectively, p < 0.01 for both). There occurred no catheter removal due to infection-related complications during the study period compared to two during the control period. None of the patients reported a mupirocin-related adverse effect. CONCLUSIONS: Daily application of mupirocin at the exit site is a well-tolerated and effective strategy in reducing the incidence of ESI and peritonitis in a tropical country such as India. It can thus significantly reduce morbidity, catheter loss, and transfer to hemodialysis in peritoneal dialysis patients. 相似文献
3.
4.
We report the evaluation of four new commercially available sensitive assay kits for determination of thyrotropin (TSH) and their clinical utility in normal subjects and patients with thyroidal and non-thyroidal illnesses. The sensitivity for the reliable detection of serum TSH by these methods ranged from 0.1-0.4 mU/L and their decreasing order was : NML greater than Serono greater than Abbott EIA greater than Hybritech. The coefficient of variation ranged from 2.0-5.8% for intra-assay and 2.3-8.6% for interassay at different concentration levels. Patients studied (n = 130) were assigned into four groups on the basis of the serum thyroxine value and their clinical findings. In total, there were 17 discrepancies (five with Hybritech, three with NML, five with Abbott EIA, and four with Serono) in making the correct diagnosis using these sensitive TSH methods as a single diagnostic test. These discrepancies were mainly in the same patients who were clinically euthyroid but had subnormal TSH values. There were no discrepancies in making the correct diagnosis for patients with hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism using these sensitive TSH methods. Our observations indicate that the sensitive TSH methods are reliable in measuring subnormal levels and may be used to detect hyperthyroidism without affecting in any way their value in detecting hypothyroidism. 相似文献
5.
Sandeep Mahajan Suresh C Tiwari Vikram Kalra Dipankar M Bhowmik Sanjay K Agarwal 《Peritoneal dialysis international》2004,24(6):538-541
OBJECTIVES: Factors such as limited health-care budget allotment and poor accessibility of the majority of the population to hemodialysis (HD) facilities should favor the use of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in India. However, only 6% of end-stage renal disease patients undergoing dialysis in India are on PD. We undertook this prospective study to evaluate various factors that could contribute to this low rate of use of PD at a tertiary-care state-run hospital in Northern India. METHODS: All the patients who entered our HD or PD program from August 2001 to December 2003 were interviewed using a preset questionnaire. The questionnaire recorded their basic disease and comorbidity, social and demographic characteristics, awareness of the various modalities of renal replacement therapy (RRT), and the reasons for choosing their present modality of therapy. Treating nephrologists were also interviewed with respect to the factors that, in their opinion, were responsible for the limited use of PD at our institute. RESULTS: In total, 342 patients on HD, 66 patients on PD, and 24 nephrologists were interviewed. The rate of PD use was 16.2%. Mean age of patients on HD and PD was 34.6 +/- 11.8 years and 62.9 +/- 10.3 years respectively (p < 0.0001). The incidence of diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease in the HD and PD populations was 2.5% and 62.5%, and 9.1% and 46.7% respectively (p < 0.0001 for both). Only 30.4% of patients on HD were aware of PD as a modality of RRT and 83.6% of them found PD to be expensive, 65.4% had low enthusiasm toward a domiciliary therapy such as PD, and 61.5% were not recommended PD by their nephrologist. Only 5 (7.6%) patients were initiated on PD directly, the remaining 61 patients were shifted from HD after a mean duration on HD of 185.3 +/- 15.4 days: 67.1% were shifted due to poor tolerance of HD, 29.4% were advised to shift to PD because of comorbidity and vascular access problems, and only 3.3% took up PD because of the independent lifestyle it offered. None of the interviewed nephrologists routinely discussed PD in predialysis counseling. They found financial constraints (100%), lack of patient enthusiasm (100%), doubtful patient compliance (83.2%), and lack of an organized PD program (79.2%) to be the main factors limiting more widespread use of PD at our institute. CONCLUSIONS: Peritoneal dialysis is an underused modality of RRT at our institute. The patients who are taken up for PD at our institute are elderly and have a higher incidence of other comorbid conditions, such as diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease. Also, most patients who switch to PD do so due to their unsuitability for HD rather than by their own choice. The factors contributing to this low rate of use of PD are ignorance of PD, increased cost of therapy, low enthusiasm toward domiciliary therapy, and lack of adequate infrastructure for PD at our institute. Effective predialysis counseling, reduction in the cost of the therapy, and development of an adequate infrastructure can increase the rate of use of PD. 相似文献
6.
Recent evidence suggests that a variety of hypothalamic neuropeptides may mediate interneuronal communication to coordinate diverse neuroendocrine and behavioral functions. In this work, we describe the effects of neuropeptide Y (NPY) on feeding and sexual behaviors. We observed that central administration of bolus NPY stimulated a robust, dose-related feeding response in satiated male and female rats. Continuous NPY receptor activation also evoked dose-related, intermittent feeding in a manner normally observed during nocturnal feeding. It appears that the paraventricular nucleus in the hypothalamus may be the primary site of NPY action because the anticipated reciprocal changes in NPY concentrations, in response to food deprivation followed by ad libitum food intake, occurred only in this site. Additional findings revealed that NPY-induced feeding may follow either substantial reduction or complete restraint of an inhibitory influence on feeding mediated by alpha 2-adrenoreceptor systems in satiated rats. Further, NPY was found to suppress male and female sexual behaviors. The suppressive effects on sexual behavior were apparent prior to or at the time of the onset of feeding after NPY administration. These observations may provide a neurochemical basis for clinical and animal studies on disorders of feeding associated with diminished reproductive functions. 相似文献
7.
Brandon JC; Teplick SK; Haskin PH; Sammon JK; Muhr WF; Hofmann AF; Gambescia RA; Zitomer N 《Radiology》1988,166(3):665-667
The authors describe their experience with methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) in a larger series of patients than previously reported in order to acquaint physicians with both its effectiveness for dissolution of common bile duct calculi and the limitations of its use. Ten patients with 13 biliary calculi underwent percutaneous stone dissolution treatment with the experimental cholesterol solvent, MTBE. Three stones completely dissolved within 30 minutes, seven were reduced in size, and three were visibly unaffected. All stones not completely dissolved were easily extracted by means of a stone basket except for one in a patient taken to surgery. Although MTBE perfusion is an effective technique for management of biliary calculi, practitioners should be aware that its use is quite time consuming and its odor difficult to control. 相似文献
8.
9.
Limited-field-of-view radio-frequency receiver antennas provide improved near-field sensitivity for magnetic resonance imaging by decreasing the antenna volume. The Helmholtz-type surface coil, consisting of two flat rings, is an organ-encompassing antenna that takes advantage of this principle to yield an improved signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). The coil was tested in a group of 50 patients and 16 healthy volunteers. Images obtained with the Helmholtz coil demonstrated quantitatively superior S/N of 2.2-fold or greater than that of comparison body coil images, as well as qualitatively superior anatomic resolution. 相似文献
10.