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1.
Jae Eun Choi Tyler Werbel Zhenping Wang Chia Chi Wu Tony L. Yaksh Anna Di Nardo 《Journal of dermatological science》2019,93(1):58-64
Background
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition whose etiology has been linked to mast cells and the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin LL-37. Individuals with refractory disease have demonstrated clinical benefit with periodic injections of onabotulinum toxin, but the mechanism of action is unknown.Objectives
To investigate the molecular mechanism by which botulinum toxin improves rosacea lesions.Methods
Primary human and murine mast cells were pretreated with onabotulinum toxin A or B or control. Mast cell degranulation was evaluated by β-hexosaminidase activity. Expression of botulinum toxin receptor Sv2 was measured by qPCR. The presence of SNAP-25 and VAMP2 was established by immunofluorescence. In vivo rosacea model was established by intradermally injecting LL-37 with or without onabotulinum toxin A pretreatment. Mast cell degranulation was assessed in vivo by histologic counts. Rosacea biomarkers were analyzed by qPCR of mouse skin sections.Results
Onabotulinum toxin A and B inhibited compound 48/80-induced degranulation of both human and murine mast cells. Expression of Sv2 was established in mouse mast cells. Onabotulinum toxin A and B increased cleaved SNAP-25 and decreased VAMP2 staining in mast cells respectively. In mice, injection of onabotulinum toxin A significantly reduced LL-37-induced skin erythema, mast cell degranulation, and mRNA expression of rosacea biomarkers.Conclusions
These findings suggest that onabotulinum toxin reduces rosacea-associated skin inflammation by directly inhibiting mast cell degranulation. Periodic applications of onabotulinum toxin may be an effective therapy for refractory rosacea and deserves further study. 相似文献2.
Recent studies have reported an association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and atrial fibrillation (AF). The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether AF is one of the risk factors for GERD occurrence.In this hospital-based, retrospective, case–control study, the patients were classified into 2 groups. The patients diagnosed with new AF were assigned to the AF group (n = 1612); those diagnosed without AF and GERD were assigned to the control group (n = 1612). The subjects in the control group were selected from outpatients of total healthcare center without a history of AF or GERD, and matched for age and gender. We evaluated the incidence of GERD and risk factors for GERD occurrence between the 2 groups.The number of patients experiencing occurrence of GERD during the follow-up period was significantly higher in the AF group than those in the control group, respectively (129 patients vs 98 subjects, P = 0.037). The incidence of GERD was significantly higher in the AF group than in the control group by Kaplan–Meier analysis with log-rank test (P = 0.008). The AF group''s adjusted hazard ratio of GERD occurrence against that of the control group was 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16–1.57; P = 0.009) according to Cox''s proportional hazard model.The presence of AF appears to increase the incidence of GERD and may be considered a risk factor for the development of GERD. Further, large prospective and cohort studies will be required to better establish the correlation of GERD with AF. 相似文献
3.
4.
Jin Hwan Ahn Joon Ho Wang Jae Chul Yoo Sung Kon Kim Jung Ho Park Jong Woong Park 《Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy》2006,14(12):1288-1291
This article describes a modified suture technique designed for the vertical repair of the anterior horn of the meniscus after arthroscopic decompression of a large meniscal cyst. This procedure comprises of three steps: first, the meniscus was pierced vertically using a suture hook and a No. 0 PDS suture. Second, both ends of the No. 0 PDS on the femoral and tibial surfaces of the meniscus were pulled to the outside of the joint capsule using a spinal needle preloaded with suture material. Finally, a skin incision was made adjacent to the suture materials, and both ends were tied. We recommend this technique not only for the vertical repair of the anterior horn of the meniscus after decompression of large meniscal cyst, but also to repair a longitudinal tear of the meniscus. 相似文献
5.
Hyung Jee Kim Gilho Lee Dong Hee Kim Suk Jae Lee Duck Ki Yoon Jae Heung Cho 《Urologia internationalis》2002,68(1):44-48
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to investigate in vitro the effects of serotonin on the rat detrusor. In particular, it examines which drugs inhibit the serotonin-induced detrusor contractions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Isometric tension changes of isolated rat bladder muscle strips were recorded in an organ bath using a force transducer. Acute effects of serotonin (0.0001-0.01 mM) on resting tension were assessed. Electrical field stimulation (EFS); bethanechol (0.0001-0.01 mM); ATP (1-3 mM)- or KCl (63.5-254 mM)-induced contractions using an application in an organ bath were compared with serotonin-induced contractions. In order to examine the action mechanism of serotonin-induced stimulation, EFS-, bethanechol-, ATP- or KCl-induced contraction on serotonin treatment (0.001 mM) was assessed and serotonin (0.001-0.1 mM) was cumulatively added to the organ bath following preincubation with propranolol, ketanserin, tropisetron, propiverine, sodium nitroprusside or doxazosin. RESULTS: The serotonin-induced response has two phases: an initial transient contraction and a prolonged tonic phase. Serotonin produced a reversible and dose-dependent contraction of the detrusor strips. Responses to bethanechol significantly increased with a concentration of 0.001 mM serotonin (p < 0.05). There was no effect on the responses to ATP, KCl, or EFS on 0.001 mM serotonin. The 5-HT(2) receptor is mainly responsible for serotonin-induced contractions of the detrusor (p < 0.05), while the 5-HT(1) receptor is partially responsible. Doxazosin and propiverine each significantly suppressed the response to serotonin, while sodium nitroprusside and tropisetron each had no effect (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Because the 5-HT(2) antagonist blocked the effect of serotonin-induced bladder contractions and the stimulation of the adrenoreceptors, the 5-HT(2) antagonist seems to improve lower urinary tract symptoms. 相似文献
6.
Eun Young Jung Hyung Joo Suh Wan Soo Hong Dong Geon Kim Yang Hee Hong In Sun Hong Un Jae Chang 《Nutrition Research》2009,29(7):457-461
Cooking processes that gelatinize granules or disrupt structure might increase the glucose and insulin responses because a disruption of the structure of starch by gelatinization increases its availability for digestion and absorption in the small intestine. We hypothesized that the uncooked form of rice, which has a relatively low degree of gelatinization even though in powder form, would result in lower metabolic glucose and insulin responses compared with cooked rice (CR). To assess the effects of the gelatinization of rice on metabolic response of glucose and insulin, we investigated the glucose and insulin responses to 3 rice meals of different gelatinization degree in female college students (n = 12): CR (76.9% gelatinized), uncooked rice powder (UP; 3.5% gelatinized), and uncooked freeze-dried rice powder (UFP; 5.4% gelatinized). Uncooked rice powders (UP and UFP) induced lower glucose and insulin responses compared with CR. The relatively low gelatinization degree of UPs resulted in low metabolic responses in terms of the glycemic index (CR: 72.4% vs UP: 49.7%, UFP: 59.8%) and insulin index (CR: 94.8% vs UP: 74.4%, UFP: 68.0%). In summary, UPs that were less gelatinized than CR induced low postprandial glucose and insulin responses. 相似文献
7.
Post-transplantation diabetes is better controlled after conversion from prednisone to deflazacort: a prospective trial in renal transplants 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yu Seun Kim Myoung Soo Kim Soon Il Kim Seung Kil Lim Ho Yung Lee Dae Suk Han Kiil Park 《Transplant international》1997,10(3):197-201
It is well known that long-term use of steroids plays a decisive role in the development of glucose intolerance and diabetes
mellitus (DM). Deflazacort, an oxazoline derivative of prednisolone, has been introduced as a potential substitute for conventional
steroids in order to ameliorate glucose intolerance. We initiated a randomized study of conversion from prednisone to deflazacort
in kidney transplantation (Tx) recipients presenting with pre-Tx or post-Tx DM to ascertain whether or not the switch to deflazacort
would ameliorate the diabetic state. Forty-two recipients in the conversion group were compared with 40 patients on prednisone
(the control group) in a prospective manner. The dose reduction of insulin or oral blood glucose-lowering agents, the adequacy
of glucose control, and the development of side effects were the criteria for evaluating outcome. In the conversion group,
patients were switched to deflazacort at a dose ratio of 6 mg deflazacort to 5 mg prednisone. During the mean follow-up period
of 13.2 months, neither graft dysfunction nor acute rejection developed in the conversion group. Improvement in blood glucose
control in the conversion group was noted. When the conversion group was stratified into pre- or post-Tx DM, promising effects
were clearly evident in the post-Tx DM patients. More than 50 % dose reduction of blood glucose-lowering agents was possible
in 42.3 % of post-Tx DM patients. In conclusion, it was readily possible to control blood glucose better in post-Tx DM recipients
without seriously affecting the immunosuppressive activity after conversion to deflazacort.
Received: 20 August 1996 Received after revision: 25 November 1996 Accepted: 6 December 1996 相似文献
8.
Transmembrane recordings and surface electrograms were used to evaluate the influence of propafenone on the cellular electrophysiology of isolated neonatal and adult rabbit atrioventricular node (AVN) preparations. An automatic interval of 863 +/- 82 ms (mean +/- SEM, n = 14) in neonates was found to be significantly shorter than the 1510- +/- 205-ms (n = 12) automatic interval observed in adults. Propafenone in a concentration of 5 x 10(-6) M significantly increased the automatic interval of neonatal pacemakers but not that of the adult preparations. These changes in automaticity produced by propafenone were not dependent on the adrenergic receptor-blocking action of the drug. The pacemaker escape time after overdrive pacing was also shorter in the neonate than in the adult. Propafenone prolonged the escape time of the neonatal tissues but not those of the adult. AVN refractory period, A-H interval, and antegrade Wenckebach rate were comparably increased in a concentration-dependent manner in both age groups. The maximum diastolic potential was decreased by propafenone in the neonatal atrionodal tissue but not in other regions of the AVN and not in any region of the adult AVN. Action-potential duration was increased in all regions of the AVN in both age groups. Action-potential amplitude and maximum upstroke velocity were decreased by propafenone in both age groups. Unlike other excitable tissues of the heart, the action-potential duration of AVN nodal cells increased with decreasing pacing intervals as the pacing interval approached the Wenckebach interval.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
9.