全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9031篇 |
免费 | 756篇 |
国内免费 | 83篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 59篇 |
儿科学 | 281篇 |
妇产科学 | 180篇 |
基础医学 | 1200篇 |
口腔科学 | 209篇 |
临床医学 | 816篇 |
内科学 | 1952篇 |
皮肤病学 | 302篇 |
神经病学 | 849篇 |
特种医学 | 352篇 |
外科学 | 1423篇 |
综合类 | 77篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 641篇 |
眼科学 | 172篇 |
药学 | 649篇 |
中国医学 | 23篇 |
肿瘤学 | 683篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 52篇 |
2022年 | 103篇 |
2021年 | 225篇 |
2020年 | 142篇 |
2019年 | 228篇 |
2018年 | 284篇 |
2017年 | 217篇 |
2016年 | 212篇 |
2015年 | 235篇 |
2014年 | 326篇 |
2013年 | 372篇 |
2012年 | 512篇 |
2011年 | 541篇 |
2010年 | 347篇 |
2009年 | 315篇 |
2008年 | 447篇 |
2007年 | 485篇 |
2006年 | 461篇 |
2005年 | 398篇 |
2004年 | 323篇 |
2003年 | 352篇 |
2002年 | 272篇 |
2001年 | 272篇 |
2000年 | 270篇 |
1999年 | 255篇 |
1998年 | 101篇 |
1997年 | 114篇 |
1996年 | 98篇 |
1995年 | 81篇 |
1994年 | 80篇 |
1993年 | 74篇 |
1992年 | 179篇 |
1991年 | 151篇 |
1990年 | 147篇 |
1989年 | 176篇 |
1988年 | 125篇 |
1987年 | 131篇 |
1986年 | 112篇 |
1985年 | 112篇 |
1984年 | 64篇 |
1983年 | 65篇 |
1982年 | 28篇 |
1981年 | 30篇 |
1980年 | 33篇 |
1979年 | 37篇 |
1978年 | 42篇 |
1977年 | 22篇 |
1976年 | 28篇 |
1973年 | 19篇 |
1972年 | 21篇 |
排序方式: 共有9870条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Juan D. Gonzalez‐Sanz 《Nursing philosophy》2020,21(4)
The current situation in which the humanities are disparaged affects all university disciplines, including nursing, in whose historical evolution the humanities have always been present in one form or another. Looking beyond this disrepute, this study proposes that nursing renew its attention to classical philosophy. Specifically, it invites a close reading of Xenophon's Anabasis and Plato's Meno, to get three related goals: to show how the use of ancient texts are very valuable tools for the philosophical initiation of nursing students and can help them reflect on their choice of nursing as a practical activity; to reflect on the problem of virtue and the nature of the good life; and to show how the interaction with ancient texts allows students to reflect on questions and issues of life, theirs and others, that are not open to investigation through a purely scientific method. Consequently, both Anabasis and Meno readings strengthen the intellectual relationship between philosophy and nursing, enabling the latter to delve deeper into the key questions of its own thought as a discipline. 相似文献
2.
Julia Thornton Snider Jesse Sussell Mahlet Gizaw Tebeka Alicia Gonzalez Joshua T. Cohen Peter Neumann 《Value in health》2019,22(3):332-339
Background
Payers frequently rely on budget impact model (BIM) results to help determine drug coverage policy and its effect on their bottom line. It is unclear whether BIMs typically overestimate or underestimate real-world budget impact.Objective
We examined how different modeling assumptions influenced the results of 6 BIMs from the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER).Study Design
Retrospective analysis of pharmaceutical sales data.Methods
From ICER reports issued before 2016, we collected estimates of 3 BIM outputs: aggregate therapy cost (ie, cost to treat the patient population with a particular therapy), therapy uptake, and price. We compared these against real-world estimates that we generated using drug sales data. We considered 2 classes of BIM estimates: those forecasting future uptake of new agents, which assumed “unmanaged uptake,” and those describing the contemporaneous market state (ie, estimates of current, managed uptake and budget impact for compounds already on the market).Results
Differences between ICER's estimates and our own were largest for forecasted studies. Here, ICER's uptake estimates exceeded real-world estimates by factors ranging from 7.4 (sacubitril/valsartan) to 54 (hepatitis C treatments). The “unmanaged uptake” assumption (removed from ICER's approach in 2017) yields large deviations between BIM estimates and real-world consumption. Nevertheless, in some cases, ICER's BIMs that relied on current market estimates also deviated substantially from real-world sales data.Conclusions
This study highlights challenges with forecasting budget impact. In particular, assumptions about uptake and data source selection can greatly influence the accuracy of results. 相似文献3.
The initial management of bladder outflow obstruction typically related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) falls to a large extent within the remit of general practice. Referral onwards to secondary care typically arises following the failure to respond to conservative measures or when complications have supervened; the most significant of which is urinary retention. In the hospital setting, anaesthesia, constipation and immobility are the common precipitants. What follows is a practical guide to the management of these situations and provides an overview of the conservative, medical, minimally invasive and surgical treatments available. 相似文献
4.
Toshiro Hara Rony Chanoch-Myers Nathan D. Mathewson Chad Myskiw Lyla Atta Lillian Bussema Stephen W. Eichhorn Alissa C. Greenwald Gabriela S. Kinker Christopher Rodman L. Nicolas Gonzalez Castro Hiroaki Wakimoto Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen Xiaowei Zhuang Jean Fan Tony Hunter Inder M. Verma Kai W. Wucherpfennig Itay Tirosh 《Cancer cell》2021,39(6):779-792.e11
- Download : Download high-res image (228KB)
- Download : Download full-size image
5.
Marlen Z. Gonzalez Lane Beckes Joanna Chango Joseph P. Allen James A. Coan 《Social cognitive and affective neuroscience》2015,10(7):921-928
Neuroimaging studies using the social-exclusion paradigm Cyberball indicate increased dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and right insula activity as a function of exclusion. However, comparatively less work has been done on how social status factors may moderate this finding. This study used the Cyberball paradigm with 85 (45 females) socio-economically diverse participants from a larger longitudinal sample. We tested whether neighborhood quality during adolescence would predict subsequent neural responding to social exclusion in young adulthood. Given previous behavioral studies indicating greater social vigilance and negative evaluation as a function of lower status, we expected that lower adolescent neighborhood quality would predict greater dACC activity during exclusion at young adulthood. Our findings indicate that young adults who lived in low-quality neighborhoods in adolescence showed greater dACC activity to social exclusion than those who lived in higher quality neighborhoods. Lower neighborhood quality also predicted greater prefrontal activation in the superior frontal gyrus, dorsal medial prefrontal cortex and the middle frontal gyrus, possibly indicating greater regulatory effort. Finally, this effect was not driven by subsequent ratings of distress during exclusion. In sum, adolescent neighborhood quality appears to potentiate neural responses to social exclusion in young adulthood, effects that are independent of felt distress. 相似文献
6.
7.
Heidi J Kalkwarf John A Shepherd Didier Hans Elena Gonzalez Rodriguez Joseph M Kindler Joan M Lappe Sharon Oberfield Karen K Winer Babette S Zemel 《Journal of bone and mineral research》2022,37(4):776-785
Trabecular bone score (TBS) is used for fracture prediction in adults, but its utility in children is limited by absence of appropriate reference values. We aimed to develop reference ranges for TBS by age, sex, and population ancestry for youth ages 5 to 20 years. We also investigated the association between height, body mass index (BMI), and TBS, agreement between TBS and lumbar spine areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) Z-scores, tracking of TBS Z-scores over time, and precision of TBS measurements. We performed secondary analysis of spine dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans from the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study (BMDCS), a mixed longitudinal cohort of healthy children (n = 2014) evaluated at five US centers. TBS was derived using a dedicated TBS algorithm accounting for tissue thickness rather than BMI. TBS increased only during ages corresponding to pubertal development with an earlier increase in females than males. There were no differences in TBS between African Americans and non-African Americans. We provide sex-specific TBS reference ranges and LMS values for calculation of TBS Z-scores by age and means and SD for calculation of Z-scores by pubertal stage. TBS Z-scores were positively associated with height Z-scores at some ages. TBS Z-scores explained only 27% and 17% of the variance of spine aBMD and BMAD Z-scores. Tracking of TBS Z-scores over 6 years was lower (r = 0.47) than for aBMD or BMAD Z-scores (r = 0.74 to 0.79), and precision error of TBS (2.87%) was greater than for aBMD (0.85%) and BMAD (1.22%). In sum, TBS Z-scores provide information distinct from spine aBMD and BMAD Z-scores. Our robust reference ranges for TBS in a well-characterized pediatric cohort and precision error estimates provide essential tools for clinical assessment using TBS and determination of its value in predicting bone fragility in childhood and adolescence. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR). 相似文献
8.
Jos M. Martín Encarnacion Montesinos Pilar Cordero Victor Gonzalez Dolores Ramon 《Pediatric dermatology》2019,36(2):265-267
Trichotillomania is a form of traction alopecia resulting from repetitive and compulsive hair pulling and plucking. Trichotillomania and patchy alopecia areata may have similar clinical and dermoscopic features in some cases. On trichoscopic examination, the presence of black dots, coiled or hook hair, shafts of varying lengths with fraying or split ends (trichoptilosis), and an absence of exclamation mark hairs and yellow dots are suggestive of trichotillomania. 相似文献
9.
10.
A heroin addict who appeared to have recovered clinically from infective endocarditis of the tricuspid valve as judged by the usual criteria underwent prophylactic resection of a large vegetation on the tricuspid valve in order to prevent severe pulmonary embolism. Prophylactic surgery was justified by the size and as judged by cross-sectional echocardiography of the vegetation and its morphology. 相似文献