General anesthetics, typically octanol, were found to inhibit the influx of calcium in isolated sodium-loaded adult rat heart cells, using 45Ca, quin 2, or indo 1. Inhibition by octanol, like inhibition by sodium, was competitive with calcium. Octanol and sodium together inhibited calcium influx synergistically. At physiological levels of extracellular calcium and sodium, the EC50 was 177 +/- 37 microM for octanol and 48 +/- 5 microM for decanol. These values are threefold to fourfold larger than those reported to cause 50% loss of righting reflex in tadpoles, a measure of their anesthetic effectiveness. We conclude that general anesthetics inhibit Na-Ca exchange at the sarcolemma. We suggest that octanol inhibits like sodium, and the synergism stems from the cooperativity of sodium inhibition at the binding and regulatory sites of the exchanger. Insofar as Na-Ca exchange may regulate inotropy, the inhibition of Na-Ca exchange by general anesthetics could contribute to their negative inotropic effect. 相似文献
In this study the effect of hypoxia on thrombocytes was investigated in patients with a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 15 Hypoxic (group 1), 15 nonhypoxic (group 2) patients with COPD and 10 healthy persons (group 3) were included in the study. The differences in haemoglobin, hematocrit and PaCO2 values of group 1 and group 2 were insignificant, but there was a significant difference between group 3 and the other two groups. The differences in blood pH values in the above groups were insignificant, but the differences in FEV1, FVC and PaO2 values were significant. We found that thrombocyte aggregation increased significantly in group 1 and group 2. Also the platelet count decreased and mean platelet volume increased significantly in group 1. As a result, we think that in hypoxic patients with COPD, thrombocyte count decreases, volume and aggregation formation increases and oxygen plus antiaggregation therapy may have positive effects on the survival and life quality of these patients. 相似文献
Objectives: To assess the health effects of hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) on the airways and the skin of workers in the chemical industry.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 17 employees of a HMT-producing chemical plant and 16 control subjects from the
plant. In addition, we examined 4 out of 5 subjects who had left the production for medical reasons during the last 10 years.
Anamnestic data, total and specific IgE to four environmental allergens, lung function and bronchial responsiveness to methacholine
were assessed by standard procedures. Skin prick tests (SPT) and patch tests were performed with known sensitizing substances
and HMT 100 mg/ml and 2% pet and aq. Results: A high number of exposed subjects and controls reported symptoms during the previous year (64.7% vs 68.8%), most of them
were not related to work. Work-related symptoms and objective parameters did not show differences between groups. No sensitizations
to HMT as assessed by SPT or patch tests were found. Among those who had left the HMT production for medical reasons, 2 former
baggers showed sensitizations to HMT by patch tests. These reported eczema during exposure but lost symptoms after removal
from exposure. Geometric mean HMT concentrations as assessed by personal sampling were 0.3 [95% confidence intervals (CI)
0.1; 0.9] mg/m3 in shiftleaders and 0.6 (95% CI 0.3; 1.1) mg/m3 in baggers. Conclusion: High exposures to HMT may cause allergic contact dermatitis. There was no evidence of an increased risk for occupational
asthma at mean airborne HMT concentrations below 1 mg/m3.
Received: 4 February 1999 / Accepted: 10 July 1999 相似文献
Chemical hair removal products are available as creams, gels, powders, aerosols and roll-ons and all of these forms work in the same way by breaking chemical bonds between sulfur atoms in the protein. Currently, the common active ingredients of these products are calcium thioglycolate, potassium thioglycolate, arsenic and sulfur minerals. Sulfur and arsenic containing products are important toxic chemicals which are mainly used for removing hair in developing countries. Irritant contact dermatitis accounts for 80% of all contact dermatitis reactions which are often occupation-related. Toluene sulfonamide, formaldehyde resin, acrylates and ethylcyanoacrylate are the most common irritants. Irritant nail dermatitis with plants has been well defined with Lobelia richardii flower, Compositae family and garlic. Although allergic dermatitis, irritant dermatitis and irritant nail dermatitis have been well demonstrated with chemicals, koilonychia is unusual presentation of irritant dermatitis. Here we describe a case of nail irritant dermatitis due to application of chemical depilatory product for hair removal presented with koilonychias. To our knowledge this is the first case of such presentation with koilonychia in the English literature. 相似文献
Background: Prediction of preeclampsia and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes with biomarkers has been proposed previously. Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) is a growth factor, which is primarily responsible of the regression of the mullerian duct, but also used to predict ovarian reserve and decreases with age similar to the fertility.
Aim: To evaluate the predictive role of maternal anti-mullerian hormone (mAMH) in adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in preeclampsia.
Methods: This prospective case-control study was conducted at current high-risk pregnancy department in a tertiary research hospital and 45 cases with preeclampsia classified as study group and 42 as control group. Data collected and evaluated were; age, body mass index (BMI), marriage duration (MD), gestational weeks (GW), gravidity, parity, mode of delivery, birth weight, newborn Apgar score, newborn gender, maternal complication, perinatal outcome, some laboratory parameters and mAMH. The association between mAMH levels and maternal and fetal outcomes were evaluated.
Results: There were no statistically significant differences between groups in terms of age, BMI, MD, gravidity, parity and newborn gender (p?>?0.05). GW, vaginal delivery, birth weight, newborn Apgar score, were statistically significantly lower in preeclamptic patients when compared with non-preeclamptic patients (p?<?0.001). Adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes were statistically significantly higher in the study group (p?<?0.001). The laboratory values [alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), uric acid and fibrinogen) were statistically significantly lower in the control group (p?<?0.001). The mAMH level was significantly lower in the preeclamptic group (p: 0.035). There was no correlation between mAMH levels and demographic and clinical parameters. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.590 and the cut-off value was 0.365?ng/ml with sensitivity of 67.4% and specificity of 47.1% for mAMH. Logistic regression analysis showed a statistically insignificance between mAMH and maternal complication and perinatal outcome (p: 0.149).
Conclusion: According to this study, mAMH level was lower in preeclamptic patients than in normal pregnants, and is found to be a discriminative factor with low sensitivity and specificity. There was no relationship between mAMH and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Further randomized controlled studies with more participants are needed to evaluate the accurate effects of mAMH levels on preeclampsia and should increase the power of mAMH levels in predicting the preeclampsia. 相似文献
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this trial was to determine the spectrum of diseases with fever of unknown origin (FUO) in Turkey. METHODS: A prospective multicenter study of 154 patients with FUO in twelve Turkish tertiary-care hospitals was conducted. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 42+/-17 years (range 17-75). Fifty-three (34.4%) had infectious diseases (ID), 47 (30.5%) had non-infectious inflammatory diseases (NIID), 22 (14.3%) had malignant diseases (MD), and eight (5.2%) had miscellaneous diseases (Mi). In 24 (15.6%) of the cases, the reason for high fever could not be determined despite intensive efforts. The most common ID etiologies were tuberculosis (13.6%) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (3.2%). Adult Still's disease was the most common NIID (13.6%) and hematological malignancy was the most common MD (7.8%). In patients with NIID, the mean duration of reaching a definite diagnosis (37+/-23 days) was significantly longer compared to the patients with ID (25+/-12 days) (p=0.007). In patients with MD, the mean duration of fever (51+/-35 days) was longer compared to patients with ID (37+/-38 days) (p=0.052). CONCLUSIONS: Although infection remains the most common cause of FUO, with the highest percentage for tuberculosis, non-infectious etiologies seem to have increased when compared with previous studies. 相似文献
Annals of Nuclear Medicine - This study investigates the prognostic value of 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT using PET-derived quantitative in multiple myeloma (MM) patients with suspected recurrence in... 相似文献
The aim of our study was to evaluate the total atrial conduction time and its relationship to subclinical atherosclerosis, inflammation and echocardiographic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
METHODS:
A total of 132 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (mean age 54.5±9.6 years; 57.6% male) and 80 age- and gender-matched controls were evaluated. The total atrial conduction time was measured by tissue-Doppler imaging and the carotid intima-media thickness was measured by B-mode ultrasonography.
RESULTS:
The total atrial conduction time was significantly longer in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus than in the control group (131.7±23.6 vs. 113.1±21.3, p<0.001). The patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had significantly increased carotid intima-media thicknesses, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels than those of the controls. The total atrial conduction time was positively correlated with the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, carotid intima-media thickness and left atrial volume index and negatively correlated with the early diastolic velocity (Em), Em/late diastolic velocity (Am) ratio and global peak left atrial longitudinal strain. A multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, carotid intima-media thickness and global peak left atrial longitudinal strain were independent predictors of the total atrial conduction time.
CONCLUSIONS:
We suggest that subclinical atherosclerosis and inflammation may represent a mechanism related to prolonged total atrial conduction time and that prolonged total atrial conduction time and impaired left atrial myocardial deformation may be represent early subclinical cardiac involvement in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 相似文献