全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1014篇 |
免费 | 32篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 11篇 |
儿科学 | 54篇 |
妇产科学 | 23篇 |
基础医学 | 87篇 |
口腔科学 | 39篇 |
临床医学 | 76篇 |
内科学 | 221篇 |
皮肤病学 | 20篇 |
神经病学 | 52篇 |
特种医学 | 121篇 |
外科学 | 185篇 |
综合类 | 5篇 |
预防医学 | 25篇 |
眼科学 | 3篇 |
药学 | 44篇 |
中国医学 | 4篇 |
肿瘤学 | 82篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 14篇 |
2021年 | 25篇 |
2020年 | 12篇 |
2019年 | 21篇 |
2018年 | 26篇 |
2017年 | 21篇 |
2016年 | 32篇 |
2015年 | 25篇 |
2014年 | 46篇 |
2013年 | 51篇 |
2012年 | 77篇 |
2011年 | 74篇 |
2010年 | 38篇 |
2009年 | 37篇 |
2008年 | 83篇 |
2007年 | 65篇 |
2006年 | 62篇 |
2005年 | 63篇 |
2004年 | 44篇 |
2003年 | 45篇 |
2002年 | 30篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 11篇 |
1998年 | 16篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 7篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1052条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Cost‐Effectiveness and Cost‐Utility Analysis of Spinal Cord Stimulation in Patients With Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: Results From the PRECISE Study 下载免费PDF全文
Furio Zucco MD Roberta Ciampichini MSc Angelo Lavano MD Amedeo Costantini MD Marisa De Rose MD Paolo Poli MD Gianpaolo Fortini MD Laura Demartini MD Enrico De Simone MD Valentino Menardo MD Piero Cisotto MD Mario Meglio MD Luciana Scalone PhD Lorenzo G. Mantovani DSc 《Neuromodulation》2015,18(4):266-276
2.
Endovascular repair for concomitant multilevel aortic disease. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Patrizio Castelli Roberto Caronno Gabriele Piffaretti Matteo Tozzi Chiara Lomazzi Domenico Laganà Gianpaolo Carrafiello Salvatore Cuffari 《European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery》2005,28(3):478-482
OBJECTIVE: Patients with multilevel aortic disease represent a small subgroup with the need for extensive surgical treatment at considerable risk. We present our experience of endovascular exclusion for simultaneous thoracic and abdominal aortic disease in four patients. METHODS: Between January 2002 and January 2005, four patients underwent endovascular repair for simultaneous thoracic and abdominal aortic disease. Mean age was 69+/-10 years (range, 60-81). Thoracic lesions included penetrating aortic ulcer (n=2, ruptured=1), atherosclerotic aneurysm (n=1), and chronic type B dissection (n=1). Abdominal aortic disease included atherosclerotic infrarenal (n=3) and juxtarenal (n=1) aortic aneurysms. Thoracic aortic stent-grafts had been the following: Excluder/TAG (n=3) or Talent (n=1) straight tube devices. Abdominal aortic stent-grafts used were as following: Excluder (n=3) or Zenith (n=1). All patients were followed-up with CT-angiography and chest X-rays 1, 4, 12 months after the procedure, and once per year thereafter. RESULTS: Stent-graft deployment was technically successful in all cases. Intraoperative mortality was not observed. Mean procedure time was 94+/-34 min (range, 70-145). Early postoperative complications occurred in one patient that developed acute renal failure but dialysis was not required. Mean hospitalisation was 8+/-5 days (range, 4-15). Late death occurred in one patient for an undetected ruptured thoracic type 1 endoleak. All three survivors are currently well 16.5 months (range, 3-36) after surgery. No neurological complications developed. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous abdominal and thoracic endovascular repair for multilevel aortic disease is feasible and could be a viable alternative in high-risk patients, who otherwise may not be suitable candidates for conventional repair. 相似文献
3.
4.
A Dal Pozzo M Acquasaliente G Donzelli P DeMaria M C Nicoli 《Journal of medicinal chemistry》1987,30(9):1674-1677
A number of 3-carbonylacrylic acid derivatives were prepared, with a view to varying systematically the stereoelectronic environment of the conjugated double bond. The rates of reaction with cysteine were measured spectrophotometrically when possible or by stopped flow when very fast. Some of the final reaction products were isolated. Other properties examined were partition substituent constants and antimicrobial activity. On the basis of published data and these studies, the activity appears to be the combined effect of at least two mechanisms, one probably related to the effect of these structures on surface tension, the other to the electrophilic properties of the unsaturated system. 相似文献
5.
Sebastiano Franscella Charles-Abram Favrod-Coune Gianpaolo Pizzolato Sylvia L. Asa Rolf Gaillard Jean Berney Jacques Philippe 《Endocrine pathology》1991,2(2):111-116
The diagnosis of pituitary corticotroph adenoma relies on the demonstration of a loss of the normal feedback control of adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH) biosynthesis by cortisol. The marked variability in the degree of ACTH suppression by glucocorticoids in these
tumors, however, greatly enhances the difficulty in distinguishing Cushing’s disease from other syndromes of glucocorticoid
excess. To illustrate this variability, we describe the clinical, biochemical, and morphological characteristics of a pituitary
corticotroph adenoma in a 63-year-old woman, who presented with symptoms of a sellar mass but did not initially have florid
Cushing’s disease. Light and electron microscopy of the pituitary tumor showed a corticotroph adenoma with Crooke’s hyalinization
of the tumor cells, characterized by the accumulation of keratin immunoreactive microfilaments similar to those observed in
normal corticotrophs in the presence of excess glucocorticoids. This case illustrates an unusual clinical presentation that
may be associated with pituitary corticotroph adenoma showing Crooke’s hyalinization. 相似文献
6.
Suriano G Oliveira MJ Huntsman D Mateus AR Ferreira P Casares F Oliveira C Carneiro F Machado JC Mareel M Seruca R 《Human molecular genetics》2003,12(22):3007-3016
In Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer syndrome, E-cadherin germline mutations of the missense type harbour significant functional consequences. In this study, we have characterised the effect of T340A, A617T, A634V and V832M E-cadherin germline missense mutations on cell morphology, motility and proliferation. Wild-type E-cadherin and A617T expressing cells have an epithelial-like morphology, with polarised cells migrating unidirectionally. T340A and A634V expressing cells, fibroblast-like, have a high motile phenotype. We show that this phenotype is dependent on an increased level of active RhoA. V832M expressing cells grow in piled-up structure of round cells, as an effect of the disturbance of the binding between alpha-catenin and beta-catenin. The destabilisation of the adhesion complex is shown to hamper the motile capabilities of these cells. We did not observe any effect of the E-cadherin mutations on cell proliferation. We show the existence of a genotype-phenotype correlation between different E-cadherin mutations and cell behaviour. However, we demonstrate that the ability of cells expressing the different E-cadherin mutations to invade is independent on their motile capabilities, providing evidence that motility is neither necessary nor sufficient for cells to invade. Our data give new insights into the understanding of the mechanisms linking invasion and E-cadherin mutations in diffuse gastric cancer. 相似文献
7.
Bernardi R Negri C Donzelli M Guano F Scovassi A 《International journal of oncology》1995,6(1):203-208
We have studied the phosphorylation of DNA topoisomerases II in HeLa cells focusing on the beta isoform of the enzyme which is very difficult to analyze because of its instability. In proliferating cells, we observed that both the a and beta isozymes are labeled after cell incubation with (32)p. The phosphorylation of beta enzyme occurs to a low extent, thus reflecting the expression of topoisomerases II during cell cycle. In cells treated with etoposide, the activity of topoisomerase II is inhibited and the level of phosphorylation decreases, suggesting a possible cooperation between this modification and drug response. 相似文献
8.
STUDY DESIGN: Instrumented interbody implants were placed into the disc space of a motion segment in two baboons. During the animal's activities, implants directly measured in vivo loads in the lumbar spine by telemetry transmitter. OBJECTIVES: Develop and test an interbody implant-load cell and use the implant to measure directly loads imposed on the lumbar spine of the baboon, a semiupright animal. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: In vivo forces in the lumbar spine have been estimated using body weight calculations, moment arm models, dynamic chain models, electromyogram measurements, and intervertebral disc pressure measurements. METHODS: An analytical model was used to determine the force-strain relation in a customized interbody implant. After validation by finite element modeling, strain gauges were mounted onto the implant and connected to a telemetry transmitter. Implants were placed surgically into the L4-L5 disc space of skeletally mature baboons and the transmitter in the flank. After surgery, load data were collected from the animals during activities. Radiographs were taken monthly to assess fusion. RESULTS: The implant-load cell is sufficiently sensitive to monitor dynamic changes in strain and load. During extreme activity, highest measurable strain values were indicative of loads in excess of 2.8 times body weight. CONCLUSIONS: The study technique and technology are efficacious for measuring real-time in vivo loads in the spine. Measuring load on an intradiscal implant over the course of healing provides key information about the mechanics of this process. Loads may be used to indicate performance demands on the intervertebral disc and interbody implants for subsequent implant design. 相似文献
9.
Marco Herling George Z Rassidakis L Jeffrey Medeiros Theodoros P Vassilakopoulos Kay-Oliver Kliche Gianpaolo Nadali Simonetta Viviani Valeria Bonfante Roberto Giardini Marco Chilosi Christos Kittas Alessandro M Gianni Gianni Bonadonna Giovanni Pizzolo Gerassimos A Pangalis Fernando Cabanillas Andreas H Sarris 《Clinical cancer research》2003,9(6):2114-2120
PURPOSE: EBV-latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) is often expressed in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL), but its clinical significance is controversial. We correlated LMP-1 with presenting features, including serum interleukin 10 levels and clinical outcome. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Patients were eligible if they had biopsy-proven cHL, were untreated, HIV-1 negative, and had available archival tissue. LMP-1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: We identified 577 patients with cHL with a median age of 30 years, 55% of whom were male. LMP-1 was expressed in HRS cells of 124 patients (21%) and was detected in 78 of 461 (17%) patients with nodular sclerosis compared with 44 of 112 (39%) with mixed cellularity (P < 0.001 by Fisher's exact test). Patients with tumors with LMP-1-positive HRS cells had higher serum interleukin 10 levels (P = 0.009 by Mann-Whitney test). For the 303 patients treated with doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine or equivalent regimens, the 5-year failure-free survival (FFS) for those with LMP-1-positive tumors was 74% compared with 81% for those with LMP-1-negative tumors (P = 0.23, by log-rank test). Overall survival (OS) at 5 years for patients with LMP-1-positive tumors was 90 versus 91% for patients with LMP-1-negative tumors (P = 0.8 by log-rank test). Expression of LMP-1 was not associated with different FFS and OS in patients treated with other regimens or with radiotherapy alone. CONCLUSIONS: LMP-1 was expressed by HRS cells in 21% of cHL and correlated with mixed cellularity type and higher serum interleukin 10 levels. The presence of LMP-1 was not associated with FFS or OS in uniformly treated patients. 相似文献
10.
Masahito Katoh Rick Wilmotte Marie-Claude Belkouch Nicolas de Tribolet Gianpaolo Pizzolato Pierre-Yves Dietrich 《Journal of neuro-oncology》2003,64(1):71-76
Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins gene family, was recently shown to be expressed by tumors originating from different cell lineages. There are also cumulative evidences that spontaneous immune response against survivin derived epitopes may occur. Here, using RT-PCR, Western-blot analysis and immunohistochemistry, we show that survivin is widely expressed by gliomas, meningiomas and schwannomas, both in vitro and in vivo. These data indicate that survivin may serve as an attractive target for immunotherapies designed for brain tumors. 相似文献