三维子宫输卵管超声造影检查和图像分析

目的初步探讨三维子宫输卵管造影对输卵管通畅性的诊断价值。方法回顾分析2008年4月—2010年12月在本院就诊并自愿接受三维子宫输卵管超声造影检查的不孕症患者197例。结果通畅、通而不畅和阻塞的输卵管中,伞端明显可见率依次为89.0%、30.3%、4.0%;卵巢周边明显光环显示率分别为90.0%、52.3%、17.3%;将197例患者按照输卵管通阻情况分为6组,各组子宫直肠窝造影剂明显积聚发生率从高到低依次为97.1%、82.7%、68.2%、40.0%、17.6%、0.0%;有明显阻力发生率从高到低依次为72.2%、35.3%、30.0%、27.3%、3.8%、2.9%;有明显不适发生率各组间差异有统计学意义。结论综合分析三维和编码对比显像模式下输卵管伞端、卵巢周边明显光环显示率等可用于评估输卵管通畅性,三维子宫输卵管造影动态、简单、无创,可作为检测输卵管通畅性的重要方法。     

经阴道子宫输卵管声诺维三维超声造影诊断输卵管性不孕症的初步探讨——附36例检测报告

目的：探讨经阴道子宫输卵管声诺维三维超声造影（3D-SonoVue-HyCoSy）诊断输卵管性不孕症的可行性及诊断效能。方法：选择36例不孕症患者共72条输卵管,利用经阴道子宫输卵管3D-SonoVue-HyCoSy诊断输卵管的通畅性和盆腔黏连情况,以腹腔镜下通液检查结果为标准,评价3D-SonoVue-HyCoSy对输卵管通畅性的诊断效能。结果：3D-SonoVue-HyCoSy诊断输卵管阻塞的阳性预测值为87%,诊断输卵管通畅的阴性预测值为84%,诊断通而不畅的符合率为20%,判断输卵管通畅与否的准确度是76%,诊断输卵管阻塞的敏感度为84%,诊断输卵管通畅的特异度为75%。在通畅及通而不畅的35条输卵管的3D-SonoVue-HyCoSy图像中,83%输卵管可见伞端溢出,通畅的25条输卵管中88%可见同侧卵巢周边造影剂溢出环,10条通而不畅的输卵管中7条可见同侧卵巢周边少量溢出;检出盆腔黏连的敏感度15%。结论：经阴道子宫输卵管3D-SonoVue-HyCoSy诊断输卵管性不孕症是可行和有效的,自动三维容积成像功能和声诺维超声造影剂的使用明显提高了输卵管内造影剂持续流动信号的探测水平和输卵管伞端造影剂溢出的识别水平。     

子宫动脉栓塞联合羊膜腔内利凡诺注射术在前置胎盘引产中的临床应用

目的 探讨子宫动脉栓塞术在中晚期妊娠合并完全性前置胎盘引产中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析了广东省妇幼保健院2012年8月1日至2015年5月1日100例单胎中晚期妊娠合并完全性前置胎盘采用羊膜腔内注射利凡诺联合子宫动脉栓塞术引产术患者的临床资料,对其疗效及术后并发症进行了分析.结果 100例患者99例引产成功,实施引产到胎儿娩出时间20～168 h,无产后出血及晚期产后出血,1例患者因胎盘植入行剖宫取胎术.所有患者术后均因下腹部疼痛需要镇痛治疗,有83例患者术后出现发热,1例患者术后出现股动脉血栓形成,1例患者出现宫腔粘连行宫腔镜下粘连分离术后月经恢复,所有患者月经恢复时间为30～93 d.结论 子宫动脉栓塞联合羊膜腔内注射利凡诺应用于中晚期妊娠合并完全性前置胎盘引产安全有效.     

马来酸麦角新碱预防瘢痕子宫阴道分娩产后出血的临床效果

目的：观察马来酸麦角新碱预防瘢痕子宫阴道分娩产后出血的安全性和有效性。方法：选取2019年3月—2020年9月瘢痕子宫阴道分娩的病例90例,随机分为对照组、观察A组和观察B组,分别采用缩宫素、缩宫素+卡前列素氨丁三醇、缩宫素+马来酸麦角新碱进行治疗,观察三组产后出血情况、血红蛋白下降情况及不良反应。结果：观察B组患者产后2 h, 24 h出血量少于对照组和观察A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组产妇的产后出血率及不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论：瘢痕子宫阴道分娩后给予肌肉注射马来酸麦角新碱可有效减少产后出血量,预防产后出血的发生,且安全性较高。     

CIN和宫颈鳞癌与人乳头瘤病毒感染的相关性研究

目的探讨人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）基因型、负荷量与宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）和宫颈鳞癌发生发展的相关性。方法选取2005年9月至2010年12月本院宫颈上皮内瘤变或宫颈鳞癌住院患者共124例为研究对象。采用杂交捕获Ⅱ代和导流杂交基因芯片技术检测124例患者HPV感染情况,分析CIN和宫颈鳞癌与HPV感染的关系,并对影响CIN和宫颈鳞癌的相关多因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果HPV总检出率75．8％,其中CINⅠ、CINⅡ、CINⅢ和宫颈鳞癌组HPV阳性率分别为44．4％、70．0％、95．7％和76．2％。高度鳞状上皮内病变（HSIL）及以上组HPV阳性率（84．5％）高于低度鳞状上皮内病变（LSIL）组（44．4％）。高危型HPV负荷量由高到低依次为CINⅢ、宫颈鳞癌、CIN11、CINI组。高危型HPV混合或单型别感染占97．9％。HPV阳性为CIN和宫颈鳞癌病变程度的影响因素。结论高危型HPV感染是宫颈鳞癌的主要致病因素,高危型HPV负荷量可能与宫颈鳞癌的发生和发展相关。     

三维超声自动体积测量技术在多囊卵巢综合征诊断中的应用价值

Objective To investigate clinical significance of counting follicles classification by three-dimensional imaging with sonography based automated volume calculation(SonoAVC)in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods Eighty cases with PCOS were counted classified follicles and determined ovarian volume by three-dimensional(3D)imaging with SonoAVC method matched with 60 infertile women with fallopian tube or male factors as control.Main clinical.biological and other ultrasonographic markers were assessed during the early follicular phase,and the relationship between the follicle number range per ovary or the volume per ovary and the major hormonal features of PCOS was studied.Results Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging with SonoAVC methed provides a new path for objective quantitative assessment of follicle count.ovarian volume,total follicle numbers.The volume of (11 ±8)ml,total numbers of 27 ±14 follicle and number of22 ±19 follicle with diameter of≥2-＜6 mm in PCOS patients were significantly higher than(6 ±4)ml in ovarian volume.6 ±4 in total follicles and 2 ±3 in follicle with diameter of≥2-＜6 mm in controls(P＜0.05).while follicles were similar for the≥6-≤9mm range(P＞0.05).Total follicle numbers and follicles≥2-＜6 mm had significantly positive relationships with ovarian volume ( r= 0. 600, 0. 618, P＜0. 01 ) and level of testosterones ( r= 0. 364,0. 291, P＜0.05), follicles ≥2-＜6 mm also had significantly positive relationships with total follicle number (r=0. 916,P＜0. 01 ). The follicles within the ≥6 - ≤9 mm range was significantly and negatively related to ovarian volume and total follicle numbers ( r = - 0. 618, - 0. 263, all P = 0. 001 ), but no significantly related to the major hormonal features of PCOS. The ovarian volume was significantly positively related with luteinizing hormone ( LH)/follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio ( r= 0. 282, P = 0. 010)but negatively related to FSH level (r = - 0. 226, P = 0. 042). Conclusions Ovarian volume, total follicle numbers and follicles ≥2 - ＜6 mm in PCOS patients were significantly higher than those in controls. The larger ovarian volume might produce more total follicle and follicles ≥ 2 - ＜6 mm. The higher level of testosterone might produce more total follicle probably, which mainly result in more follicles ≥2 -＜6 mm.These morphologically ultrasonographic characteristics could reflect pathophysiological changes in PCOS. Obviously, it has important clinical significance to count follicles in patients with PCOS by the threedimensional ultrasound imaging with SonoAVC method.     

三维超声自动体积测量技术在多囊卵巢综合征诊断中的应用价值

Objective To investigate clinical significance of counting follicles classification by three-dimensional imaging with sonography based automated volume calculation(SonoAVC)in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods Eighty cases with PCOS were counted classified follicles and determined ovarian volume by three-dimensional(3D)imaging with SonoAVC method matched with 60 infertile women with fallopian tube or male factors as control.Main clinical.biological and other ultrasonographic markers were assessed during the early follicular phase,and the relationship between the follicle number range per ovary or the volume per ovary and the major hormonal features of PCOS was studied.Results Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging with SonoAVC methed provides a new path for objective quantitative assessment of follicle count.ovarian volume,total follicle numbers.The volume of (11 ±8)ml,total numbers of 27 ±14 follicle and number of22 ±19 follicle with diameter of≥2-＜6 mm in PCOS patients were significantly higher than(6 ±4)ml in ovarian volume.6 ±4 in total follicles and 2 ±3 in follicle with diameter of≥2-＜6 mm in controls(P＜0.05).while follicles were similar for the≥6-≤9mm range(P＞0.05).Total follicle numbers and follicles≥2-＜6 mm had significantly positive relationships with ovarian volume ( r= 0. 600, 0. 618, P＜0. 01 ) and level of testosterones ( r= 0. 364,0. 291, P＜0.05), follicles ≥2-＜6 mm also had significantly positive relationships with total follicle number (r=0. 916,P＜0. 01 ). The follicles within the ≥6 - ≤9 mm range was significantly and negatively related to ovarian volume and total follicle numbers ( r = - 0. 618, - 0. 263, all P = 0. 001 ), but no significantly related to the major hormonal features of PCOS. The ovarian volume was significantly positively related with luteinizing hormone ( LH)/follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio ( r= 0. 282, P = 0. 010)but negatively related to FSH level (r = - 0. 226, P = 0. 042). Conclusions Ovarian volume, total follicle numbers and follicles ≥2 - ＜6 mm in PCOS patients were significantly higher than those in controls. The larger ovarian volume might produce more total follicle and follicles ≥ 2 - ＜6 mm. The higher level of testosterone might produce more total follicle probably, which mainly result in more follicles ≥2 -＜6 mm.These morphologically ultrasonographic characteristics could reflect pathophysiological changes in PCOS. Obviously, it has important clinical significance to count follicles in patients with PCOS by the threedimensional ultrasound imaging with SonoAVC method.     

子宫输卵管碘油造影诊断输卵管性不孕的局限性研究

目的 与腹腔镜下通液检查对照,研究子宫输卵管碘油造影（HSG）诊断输卵管性不孕的诊断价值及局限性.方法 选择2005年1月至2009年12月在中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院因HSG发现输卵管病变行腹腔镜检查的167例不孕症患者,共计330条输卵管,以手术中所见为诊断标准,对两种检查方法结果进行回顾性分析.结果 两种检查方法差异有统计学意义,HSG诊断输卵管通畅的阳性符合率（敏感度）为55.0%,诊断通而不畅的符合率为18.5%,诊断阻塞的阴性符合率（特异度）为84.4%,判断输卵管通畅性的准确性是71.8%,167例患者中148例腹腔镜检查存在不同程度的盆腔粘连,HSG发现30例.结论 HSG是判断输卵管通畅性有效的方法,但有其局限性,对HSG提示输卵管病变,特别是提示通而不畅及盆腔粘连者,应及时行腹腔镜检查及治疗.     

IL-18对BALBc小鼠结直肠癌肝转移模型PI3K/AKT信号通路相关蛋白表达水平的影响

目的 探讨白介素18(IL-18)对BALBc小鼠结直肠癌肝转移模型PI3K/AKT信号通路相关蛋白表达水平的影响.方法 选取60只BALBc小鼠,采用随机数字表法将小鼠分为:空白对照组、低、中、高剂量IL-18组,每组15只;除空白对照组外各组采用脾内种植法构建结肠癌肝转移小鼠模型,低剂量、中剂量、高剂量IL-18组分别于构建前或构建后注射(20、40和80μg/kg)的IL-18结合蛋白(IL-18BP);检测各组小鼠转移灶大小、数目、质量;采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测各组小鼠血清和腹水中IL-18水平;采用蛋白质印记法及免疫组化检测各组小鼠结直肠癌肝转移组织中E-cadherin、N-cadherin表达;采用蛋白质印记法检测PI3K/Akt信号通路相关蛋白表达情况.结果 相比空白对照组,低剂量IL-18组小鼠腹水IL-18水平、血清IL-18水平、N-cadherin阳性率、p-AKT蛋白相对表达、PI3K蛋白相对表达水平显著升高,E-cadherin阳性率显著降低(P<0.05),总AKT蛋白相对表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);相比低剂量组,中剂量组小鼠瘤体积、转移灶数量、瘤重、腹水IL-18水平、血清IL-18水平、N-cadherin阳性率、p-AKT蛋白相对表达、PI3K蛋白相对表达水平显著升高且高剂量组上述指标高于中剂量组(P<0.05);相比低剂量组,中剂量组E-cadherin阳性率显著降低,且高剂量组上述指标低于中剂量组(P<0.05),低、中、高白介素18组总AKT蛋白相对表达差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 IL-18可以通过激活型PI3K/AKT信号通路促进BALBc小鼠结直肠癌的转移及生长.     

时空关联成像-超声断层成像技术与二维超声进行产前胎儿心脏筛查的质量及效率比较

目的 探讨如何提高产前胎儿心脏超声筛查的效率.方法 以心尖四腔心为起始切面,使用时空关联成像(spatio-temporal image correlation,STIC)技术采集83例正常胎儿心脏的容积数据,利用超声断层成像(tomographic ultrasound imaging,TUI)技术进行脱机分析,获取胎儿心脏筛查所需要的9个切面,并与二维(two-dimensional,2D)超声检查的图像进行质量及分析效率的比较.结果 83例均获取满意的图像.(1)TUI对大动脉短轴的合格率显著高于2D(94.0％与84.3％,x2 =5.57,P=0.042),对其他8个切面,TUI合格率高于2D,差异无统计学意义.(2)TUI对于四腔心、五腔心、左室流出道、右室流出道和大动脉短轴切面的显示和2D达到了极好的一致性(Kappa分别为0.79、0.90、0.92、0.93和0.77);对于主动脉弓、动脉导管弓腔静脉长轴和心室短轴切面的显示和2D的一致性较好(Kappa分别为0.72、0.67、0.74和0.70).(3)STIC采集时间短于2D检查时间[(0.85±0.18) min与(5.80±1.58) min,t=3.500,P=0.000],STIC采集+TUI分析时间亦短于2D检查时间[(3.29±1.13) min与(5.80±1.58)min,t=2.877,P=0.001].结论 STIC联合TUI能方便、快捷、清晰地显示胎儿心脏筛查的9个切面,有助于提高胎儿心脏超声筛查工作的质量及效率.