大面积脑梗死的早期诊断对神经功能恢复的影响

Background: Because there are acute occurrence and severe clinical findings in large area cerebral infarction, early diagnosis is very significant to early treatment and nerve function recovery. Objective: To discuss the effects of early diagnosis of large area cerebral infarction on nerve function recovery. Unit: Department of Urology, Second Hospital of Changtu County in Liaoning Province. Subjective: The cases in the research came from 132 patients with cerebral infarction identified by CT examination during 1995～ 2000, including 59 males and 73 females. The ages ranged from 37 to 72 years old, and mean age was 59. There were 78 patients who were troubles with hypertension past, 41 diabetes and 62 coronary heart diseases with atrial fibrillation. 132 patients entered the hospital in the episode day, and other 4 patients did 24 hours after the episode day. In the patients, there were 132 appeared with complete hemiplegia, 87 with different level conscious disturbance ( 60 somnolence and lethargy, 27 coma ), 76 accompanied with anepia, 93 with headache and vomiting, 36 with tic, 33 with ocular disturbance, 64 identified as papilledema, and 26 appeared with cerebral symptoms, 37 occurred metula hemorrhage. Intervention: All the 132 patients accepted cerebral CT examination within 24 hours since the onset of illness, and decreasing intracranial pressure,thrombolysis,protecting brain cells,anti-inflammation treatments. Result: There were large area low-density focuses in the blood-supplied region of middle cerebral artery and internal jugular vein in 19 patients' CT films 10 hours after onset of illness, and in addition 8 cases were transferred to surgery department for cerebral hernia. 37 patients with cerebral hemorrhage after infarction accepted neutrality therapy, and the symptoms relieved obviously for 29 days in the hospital. 69 patients restored conscious disturbance and muscular force of the troubled limbs notably, 29 cases left the hospital automatically, and 34 case were died ( 13 died of brain hernia, 21 died of infection and other diseases ). There were not examined focuses in post-cerebral CT, and large area infarction appeared in CT films 24 later. Conclusion: It is capital for decrease of fatality rate and mutilation rate and nerve function restoration to perform early diagnosis and apply early treatment of large area cerebral infarction.     

心脉通Ⅰ号方治疗动脉粥样硬化斑块124例临床观察

目的观察心脉通Ⅰ号对不同类型动脉粥样硬化(AS)斑块的作用.方法选择124例经高频超声检测确诊为AS斑块的病人,分脂质性、纤维脂质性、钙化型和溃疡型斑块4组,给予心脉通Ⅰ号治疗,观察对斑块声学密度的影响.清晨空腹抽取肘静脉血,应用全自动生化分析仪,检测胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)生化指标.结果各型斑块声学密度值随用药时间延长而增高,变化最大的为脂质性斑块,纤维型斑块次之,钙化型斑块变化率最小.血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C较治疗前有明显好转.结论心脉通Ⅰ号可减少脂质池和加厚纤维帽,升高HDL-C、降低TC、TG、LDL-C,稳定斑块,预防急性心脑血管临床事件的发生.     

猕猴早期妊娠的B型超声测值

目的 为猕猴的早孕诊断及监测胚胎发育提供超声学数据。方法 应用B型超声波跟踪观察125只孕猴在15d至50d的早期妊娠情况，记录不同孕期的子宫三径、妊娠囊长径及胎儿头臀径，并测量87例未孕子宫作为对照。结果 ①未孕猴在月经周期的不同阶段，子宫三径变化微小；早孕猴妊娠15d后，子宫开始增大，但在30d前，子宫的增大与未孕子宫相比在统计学上无明显差异（P＞0．05），仅在30d后这种差异才显著（P＜0．05）。②未孕子宫无妊娠囊回声图像，早孕18d左右出现妊娠囊。③妊娠20d后胚芽形成，28d后胎儿轮廓清晰可见。④子宫三径、妊娠囊、胎儿头臀径均伴随孕龄增加而增大。结论 超声学数据及图像有助于早期妊娠的确诊和胎猴发育的监测。     

肾移植患者的心理状态及其干预措施★

目的：了解肾移植患者的心理健康状况及影响患者心理状态的因素,分析肾移植患者手术前后实施心理干预的有效性。 方法：由本文第一作者检索Pubmed数据库和中国期刊全文数据库有关肾移植患者心理健康状况的相关文献，共检索到52篇文献，对资料进行初审。纳入标准：①肾移植患者心理健康状况及其影响因素。②肾移植患者的心理干预措施。排除标准：Meta分析类文章。最终纳入21篇文献进行分析讨论。 结果：①肾移植患者手术前后的心理健康状况：肾移植围手术期患者常有不同程度的心理障碍，表现为焦虑、忧郁、不顺从医疗等。肾移植患者术后主要表现为紧张、烦躁、心理排斥、主观感觉异常及绝望心理。患者接受器官移植手术前后将出现一系列心理反应,导致心理上的排异反应,影响疾病的发展过程及预后。②影响肾移植患者心理状态的因素：肾移植患者的心理问题受移植肾在体内功能的影响很大，社会家庭的支持以及患者社会功能的恢复对患者的心理状态有极其重要的影响，同时由于免疫抑制剂的毒副作用和不良反应降低了患者的抵抗力，长期使用使患者承受巨大经济负担, 从而引发心理问题。③心理干预措施：在肾移植术前对患者进行精神医学方面的评估及心理健康教育，可预防术后不良后果的发生，提高患者的治疗信心及手术成功率。于肾移植术后对患者进行个别心理指导，可减少不良心理反应的发生。 结论：肾移植患者手术前后存在严重的心理问题，针对患者的心理问题及其成因为患者提供个性化的心理干预，有利于改善患者的心理状态，提高生活质量。     

子宫内膜异位症259例临床分析

近年来国内外文献报道,子宫内膜异位症患病率有上升趋势,已成为妇科常见病,日益受到重视。本院从185年～188年收治子宫内膜异位症25例,其中合并不孕者8例。本文就其发病情况及症状、治疗、预后做一分析。 1 临床资料:①一般情况:本组均为住院病人共25例,其中222例经手术病理证实,15例行腹腔镜检查证实,22例由于诸因素而保守治疗。本组年龄最小的21岁,最大的56岁,平均37.71岁,以31岁～40岁者居多,占45％。月经初潮前发病尚未有报道,发病绝大部分在生育年龄,绝经后因卵巢功能衰退内膜萎缩,故患病明显下降。②妊娠情况:本组未婚患者13例。     

对滋养细胞肿瘤手术的评价

我院自１９８２年６月￣１９９０年６月共收治滋养细胞肿瘤２３１例，其中手术加化疗６６例。本文主要分析滋养细胞肿瘤手术治疗在综合治疗中的价值，并讨论手术的适应证、合适时机、范围、术前后血ＨＣＧ下降的数值以及远期随诊。     

宫颈侵蚀性葡萄胎1例

宫颈侵蚀性葡萄胎１例刘雅英张某某，２９岁，结婚５年，Ｇ３Ｐ０，前２胎分别于１９８０年及１９８４年孕３＋月自然流产。本次妊娠经过：未次月经１９８５年１０月１４日，停经４０＋天，早孕反应严重．于停经３个月开始阴道少量出血１个月．孕４月时下腹阵阵剧痛，阴道...     

新型避孕药——敏定偶

敏定偶是最新一代口服避孕药,它是国家避孕节育优质服务工程推荐产品。从药理上看,敏定偶具有女性体内几种主要激素的作用,能使女性体内激素达到近乎理想的平衡。其激素含量很低,但活性很强,服用安全、可靠,避孕效果优良,失败率几乎为零,副作用比一般避孕药小。其诸多优点如下: 1.调节月经周期,使其规律化。用药期