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1.
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BACKGROUND: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is associated with an atherogenic
lipid profile and an increased risk of ischaemic cardiovascular disease.
The associated hyperlipidaemia is reportedly ameliorated by erythropoietin
(Epo) therapy. According to a recent report, rats studied 3 weeks after 5/6
nephrectomy and fed a high- protein diet exhibited increased activities of
hepatic HMG-CoA reductase (HMG-CoAR) and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase
(Ch-7 alpha- H), despite normal corresponding mRNA values. DESIGN AND
METHODS: This study was designed to examine the effects of naturally
progressing CRF of longer duration as well as those of Epo therapy on gene
expressions of the key factors involved in hepatic cholesterol metabolism,
i.e., LDL receptor (LDLR), HMG-CoAR, and Ch-7 alpha-H. Sprague-Dawley rats
were randomized to the CRF group (5/6 nephrectomy), Epo-treated CRF group
(given Epo 150 U/kg/twice weekly) and sham-operated, placebo- treated
normal controls. They were allowed free access to regular rat chow and
studied 6 weeks after surgery. Liver mRNAs and protein mass or activities
of the above factors were studied. RESULTS: Plasma cholesterol
concentration was significantly increased in the CRF group (P < 0.001)
and was modestly lowered (P < 0.05) by Epo therapy. However, microsomal
cholesterol concentration and LDLR, HMG-CoAR, and Ch-7 alpha-H mRNA as well
as HMG-CoAR activity, and Ch-7 alpha-H and LDLR protein mass measurements
were virtually identical in the three groups. Thus, hepatic LDLR, HMG-CoAR,
and Ch-7 alpha-H mRNA and protein measurements in rats with CRF were
similar to those of the normal control group representing an inappropriate
response to the associated hypercholesterolemia. Epo therapy led to partial
amelioration of CRF- associated hypercholesterolaemia with no discernible
effect on hepatic tissue expression of the above factors.
相似文献
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R A Yeager G L Moneta L M Taylor E J Harris D B McConnell J M Porter 《American journal of surgery》1990,159(5):466-469
A 15-year experience with 38 aortic graft infections, including 15 patients with graft enteric fistulas, is reviewed in order to analyze modern-day surgical results utilizing extra-anatomic bypass and aortic graft excision. Perioperative mortality was 14% during the most recent 7-year interval, which was a notable improvement compared with the earlier time interval (p = 0.06). Extended follow-up of the perioperative survivors demonstrated a 77% cumulative 5-year survival and a 76% cumulative 5-year limb salvage rate. Subsequent axillofemoral graft infection occurred in 22% of survivors and resulted in a significantly higher amputation rate compared with those patients with no axillofemoral graft infection (p less than 0.001). The results suggest good perioperative and long-term survival in patients with aortic graft infection, with excellent limb salvage if subsequent axillofemoral graft infection can be avoided. 相似文献
5.
Transmitter release from presynaptic terminals of electric organ: inhibition by the calcium channel antagonist omega Conus toxin 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
R E Yeager D Yoshikami J Rivier L J Cruz G P Miljanich 《The Journal of neuroscience》1987,7(8):2390-2396
Cholinergic synaptosomes from electroplax of the ray Ommata discopyge release both ATP and ACh when depolarized with high K+ concentration in the presence of Ca2+. Others have shown that the ATP and ACh are released in the molar ratio found in isolated synaptic vesicles. Thus, it is assumed that the release of ATP reflects exocytosis of synaptic vesicles, and that transmitter release can be indirectly monitored by assaying ATP release. We present further evidence for this assumption and examine the effects of presynaptic neurotoxins on this ATP release. As expected for transmitter release, we find that depolarization-evoked ATP release is supported by Sr2+ and Ba2+ and is inhibited by the Ca channel antagonists Co2+ and Mn2+. Likewise, the presynaptic toxins omega-CmTX and omega-CgTX, omega peptides from the venom of the marine snails Conus magus and Conus geographus, respectively, inhibit 80% of the depolarization-evoked ATP release. Half-maximal inhibition of ATP release occurs with approximately 0.5 microM of either toxin. The toxins' effects are reversible, and when toxin is washed away, the time dependence of recovery of release is approximately first order and half complete within 40 min with omega-CmTX and 15 min with omega-CgTX. The Ca2+ ionophore A23187 induces Ca2+-dependent ATP release from resting synaptosomes. As would be expected of a Ca channel antagonist, omega-CmTX does not affect this ionophore-induced release. Leptinotarsin-d (LPTd), a putative Ca channel agonist from the Colorado potato beetle, evokes Ca2+-dependent ATP release from resting synaptosomes. omega-CmTX does not block LPTd-evoked release of ATP, which suggests that omega-CmTX and LPTd act at different sites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
6.
Diagnostic significance of immunoglobulin M antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii detected after separation of immunoglobulin M from immunoglobulin G antibodies.
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Failure to demonstrate immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence (IgM-IFA) in sera from some patients with acute acquired toxoplasmosis has recently been attributed to an inhibitory effect of high titers of IgG antibodies in these sera (Pyndiah et al. J. Clin. Microbiol. 9:170-174, 1979). To confirm these findings and define their importance for diagnosis, we used gel filtration to separate IgM from IgG antibodies in a series of sera that were negative in the IgM-IFA test. A total of 68 sera were from patients with acquired toxoplasmosis, 13 were from uninfected adults, 13 were from infants with congenital toxoplasmosis, and 7 were from uninfected neonates. Of the 68 sera from patients with acquired toxoplasmosis, IgM preparations (from the separated sera) were positive in the IgM-IFA test in 36 (53%). There was a significant (P = 0.00003) association between high titers of IgM-IFA antibodies in the IgM preparations (corrected for dilution of IgM antibodies by the gel filtration procedure) and recent acquisition of infection. IgM antibodies were also detected in 5 (38%) of the IgM preparations of 13 sera from congenitally infected infants but not in any of the IgM preparations of sera from uninfected neonates. IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were shown to interfere with demonstration of IgM antibodies in the IgM-IFA test. Treatment of sera with protein A resulted in greater dilution of IgM antibodies and less efficient separation of IgM from IgG antibodies than did separation of sera by gel filtration. Treatment of sera with protein A did not result in increased detection of IgM antibodies to T. gondii. Testing of IgM preparations (obtained by gel filtration) resulted in a significant increase in sensitivity of the IgM-IFA test for the diagnosis of recently acquired and congenital toxoplasmosis. 相似文献
7.
C S McEnroe T F O'Donnell A Yeager M Konstam W C Mackey 《Journal of vascular surgery》1990,11(4):497-504
Associated coronary artery disease is the critical factor that influences early and late mortality after abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery. Dipyridamole-thallium 201 scintigraphy, left ventricular ejection fraction, and Goldman risk factor analysis have been suggested as preoperative noninvasive screening methods to detect significant coronary artery disease. In this series of 95 elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repairs dipyridamole-thallium 201 scintigraphy was highly predictive of the absence of perioperative cardiac morbidity (96% specificity, 44/46 normal scans, no cardiac morbidity), whereas ejection fraction (73% specificity, 31/42 normal ejection fraction, no cardiac morbidity) and Goldman risk factor analysis (84% specificity, 44/51 class I, no cardiac morbidity) were less. Furthermore, thallium redistribution on dipyridamole-thallium 201 scintigraphy leading to coronary angiography identified a significant number of patients with occult coronary artery disease who required preoperative coronary revascularization (8%, 8/95) and might have remained undetected on the basis of left ventricular ejection fraction or Goldman risk factor analysis. Finally, fixed thallium deficit, which some investigators have interpreted as a low probability finding for cardiac morbidity, was associated with a higher than expected incidence of cardiac complications. Forty-six percent (7/15) of all postoperative cardiac complications (three myocardial infarctions, three ischemic events, one death) occurred in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms with fixed deficits. This suggests that patients with fixed deficits on dipyridamole-thallium 201 scintigraphy should be considered for later "delayed" (4 hours) thallium images or coronary angiography or both. 相似文献
8.
Abstract: Haemoptysis in otherwise healthy children is an uncommon event. Two cases of massive haemoptysis, subsequently requiring lobectomy, are discussed. In each case, foreign vegetable matter was identified despite previously normal bronchoscopy and minimal changes on chest radiograph. 相似文献
9.
Non-invasive detection of fecal protein kinase C betaII and zeta messenger RNA: putative biomarkers for colon cancer 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Davidson LA; Aymond CM; Jiang YH; Turner ND; Lupton JR; Chapkin RS 《Carcinogenesis》1998,19(2):253-257
We have developed a non-invasive method utilizing feces, containing
sloughed colonocytes, as a sensitive technique for detecting diagnostic
colonic biomarkers. In this study, we used the rat colon carcinogenesis
model to determine if changes in fecal protein kinase C (PKC) expression
have predictive value in monitoring the neoplastic process. Weanling rats
were injected with saline or azoxymethane (AOM) and 36 weeks later fecal
samples and mucosa were collected, poly A+ RNA isolated, and quantitative
RT-PCR performed using primers to PKC betaII and zeta. Fecal PKC betaII and
zeta mRNA levels were altered by the presence of a tumor, with
tumor-bearing animals having a 3-fold higher (P < 0.05) PKC betaII
expression as compared with animals without tumors. In addition,
AOM-injection increased mucosal PKC betaII mRNA expression compared with
saline controls. No effect of tumor incidence on mucosal PKC betaII
expression was observed. In contrast, fecal PKC zeta expression was
2.5-fold lower (P < 0.05) in animals injected with azoxymethane versus
saline. Since tumor incidence exerts a reciprocal effect on fecal PKC
betaII and zeta mRNA expression, data were also expressed as the ratio
between PKC betaII and zeta. The isozyme ratio was strongly related to
tumor incidence, i.e. ratio for animals with tumors was 2.18 +/- 1.25,
animals without tumors was 0.50 +/- 0.16, P = 0.025. We demonstrate that
the expression of fecal PKC betaII and zeta may serve as a noninvasive
marker for development of colon tumors. A sensitive technique for the
detection of colon cancer is of importance since early diagnosis can
substantially reduce mortality.
相似文献
10.