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Newman JT Surman SR Riggs JM Hansen CT Collins PL Murphy BR Skiadopoulos MH 《Virus genes》2002,24(1):77-92
A complete consensus sequence was determined for the genomic RNA of human parainfluenza virus type 1 (HPIV1) strain Washington/20993/1964 (HPIV1 WASH/64), a clinical isolate that previously was shown to be virulent in adults. The sequence exhibited a high degree of relatedness to both Sendai virus, a PIV1 virus recovered from mice, and human PIV3 (HPIV3) with regard to cis-acting regulatory regions and protein-coding sequences. This consensus sequence was used to generate a full-length antigenomic cDNA and to recover a recombinant wild-type HPIV1 (rHPIV1). Interestingly, the rHPIV1 could be rescued from full-length antigenomic rHPIV1 cDNA using HPIV3 support plasmids, HPIV1 support plasmids, or a mixture thereof. The replication of rHPIV1 in vitro and in the respiratory tract of hamsters was similar to that of its biologically derived parent virus. The similar biological properties of rHPIV1 and HPIV1 WASH/64 in vitro and in vivo, together with the previous demonstration of the virulence of this specific isolate in humans, authenticates the rHPIV1 sequence as that of a wild-type virus. This rHPIV1 can now be used to study the biological properties of HPIV1 and as a substrate to introduce attenuating mutations for the generation of live-attenuated HPIV1 vaccine candidates.An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
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Comparison of ultrasonographic findings in spontaneous abortions with normal and abnormal karyotypes 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
To determine whether ultrasonographic findings can predict the karyotype of
spontaneous abortions, 137 pregnancies (54 spontaneous, 83 assisted
ovulatory cycles) that subsequently aborted and had chromosome analysis
performed on the products of conception were studied ultrasonographically.
Transvaginal ultrasound was performed using an Acuson 128XP/10 with 7.5 MHz
probe. The numbers of empty gestational sacs, small and normal for
gestational size, embryonic poles and embryos with documented cardiac
activity were calculated. The frequency of each of these findings in
pregnancies with normal and abnormal karyotypes was compared. Of the 137
spontaneous abortions, 51 had normal chromosome analyses and 86 had
abnormal karyotypes (68 aneuploidies and 18 polyploidies). Ultrasonographic
findings in the 51 karyotypically normal pregnancies included 16 (31%) with
empty gestational sacs, and 35 (69%) with embryonic poles, of which 24
(69%) were at least 1 week smaller than expected for gestational age and 11
(31%) were the expected size. Embryonic cardiac activity was documented in
22 (63%) of the 35 embryonic poles. Amongst 86 pregnancies with abnormal
karyotypes, similar frequencies of ultrasound findings were found: 23 (27%)
with empty gestational sacs, 42 (67%) with embryonic poles smaller than
expected for gestational age, and 50 (79%) embryos lost after documentation
of embryonic cardiac activity. No differences in the frequency of
ultrasonographic findings of empty gestational sacs, small embryonic pole
and embryonic cardiac activity were observed between karyotypically normal
and abnormal spontaneous abortions. Ultrasonographic findings cannot
predict the karyotype of spontaneous abortions.
相似文献
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Bedside to bench and back again: how animal models are guiding the development of new immunotherapies for cancer 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Finkelstein SE Heimann DM Klebanoff CA Antony PA Gattinoni L Hinrichs CS Hwang LN Palmer DC Spiess PJ Surman DR Wrzesiniski C Yu Z Rosenberg SA Restifo NP 《Journal of leukocyte biology》2004,76(2):333-337
Immunotherapy using adoptive cell transfer is a promising approach that can result in the regression of bulky, invasive cancer in some patients. However, currently available therapies remain less successful than desired. To study the mechanisms of action and possible improvements in cell-transfer therapies, we use a murine model system with analogous components to the treatment of patients. T cell receptor transgenic CD8+ T cells (pmel-1) specifically recognizing the melanocyte differentiation antigen gp100 are adoptively transferred into lympho-depleted mice bearing large, established, 14-day subcutaneous B16 melanoma (0.5-1 cm in diameter) on the day of treatment. Adoptive cell transfer in combination with interleukin interleukin-2 or interleukin-15 cytokine administration and vaccination using an altered form of the target antigen, gp100, can result in the complete and durable regression of large tumor burdens. Complete responders frequently develop autoimmunity with vitiligo at the former tumor site that often spreads to involve the whole coat. These findings have important implications for the design of immunotherapy trials in humans. 相似文献
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Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist dose-dependency of pituitary desensitization during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in IVF 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
Janssens RM; Vermeiden JP; Lambalk CB; Schats R; Schoemaker J 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(9):2386-2391
The aim of this study was to find the minimal effective daily s.c. dose of
the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, triptorelin acetate,
that suppresses the GnRH-induced release of luteinizing hormone (LH) at
time of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) injection and thereby prevents
spontaneous LH surges during in-vitro fertilization (IVF) stimulation
cycles. Therefore, a double-blind, prospective and randomized titration
study was performed. A total of 48 IVF patients were divided into four
groups of 12 patients. Each group received a different dose of triptorelin
acetate, namely 5, 15, 50 or 100 microg s.c. daily. Standard ovarian
stimulation was carried out using urinary follicle stimulating hormone
(FSH) preparations. A 500 microg GnRH test was performed 90 min before the
HCG injection in order to measure the degree of pituitary desensitization.
Spontaneous LH surges were not detected in any of the groups, although
three patients in the 5 microg group had ovulated at the time of ovum
retrieval. The pituitary LH response to the GnRH test at time of HCG,
expressed as area under the curve (AUC), appeared to be dose-dependent.
Thus, a daily s.c. dose of 100 microg triptorelin acetate appears to be too
high, since adequate desensitization of the pituitary (i.e. no spontaneous
LH surge) can be achieved with doses as low as 15 and 50 microg.
相似文献
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