全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1112篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 29篇 |
儿科学 | 140篇 |
妇产科学 | 56篇 |
基础医学 | 63篇 |
口腔科学 | 48篇 |
临床医学 | 62篇 |
内科学 | 190篇 |
皮肤病学 | 20篇 |
神经病学 | 75篇 |
特种医学 | 32篇 |
外科学 | 206篇 |
综合类 | 11篇 |
预防医学 | 51篇 |
眼科学 | 36篇 |
药学 | 50篇 |
肿瘤学 | 57篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 9篇 |
2019年 | 9篇 |
2018年 | 65篇 |
2017年 | 50篇 |
2016年 | 83篇 |
2015年 | 17篇 |
2014年 | 18篇 |
2013年 | 29篇 |
2012年 | 52篇 |
2011年 | 124篇 |
2010年 | 51篇 |
2009年 | 85篇 |
2008年 | 108篇 |
2007年 | 148篇 |
2006年 | 47篇 |
2005年 | 45篇 |
2004年 | 53篇 |
2003年 | 45篇 |
2002年 | 50篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1126条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Sevim Turanli Nazan Bozdogan Hakan Mersin Ugur Berberoglu 《The Indian journal of surgery》2015,77(6):489-494
Helicobacter pylori has been associated with diverse pathologies of varying severity. We investigated the H. pylori infection status and its association with the pathologic features and clinical outcomes in stage III gastric cancer patients treated with adjuvant therapy after curative resection. Between 2004 and 2009, the records of 76 consecutive patients were retrospectively reviewed. H. pylori infection was confirmed by examination of pathological specimen. The relationship between H. pylori and the clinicopathological features was analyzed by Fisher exact test, Student’s t test, and Kaplan-Meier method. Of the 76 patients, 16 patients (21.1 %) were confirmed for H. pylori infection. The median age was 59 years. Twenty-three patients received chemotherapy and remainder received chemoradiotherapy. H. pylori status did not correlate with the clinicopathologic features. It was greater in non-neoplastic tissue than the tumor tissue (21.1 vs 7.9 %). Median follow-up was 21 months. During this period, 88.2 % patients had experienced tumor recurrence, and 85.5 % patients had died. Recurrence was observed in 87.5 % patients and in 88.3 % patients in H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative patients, respectively (P = 0.92). Disease-free survival was 28.4 ± 7.9 months and overall survival was 31.5 ± 7.4 months in H. pylori-positive patients compared with 28.3 ± 3.7 and 33.2 ± 3.4 months, respectively, in H. pylori-negative patients. H. pylori infection status did not have effect on the overall or disease-free survival (p = 0.85 and P = 0.86), respectively. H. pylori status might not be useful as a prognostic and predictive factor for clinical outcomes. 相似文献
2.
Gunel N Akcali Z Coskun U Akyol G Yamac D Yenidünya S 《Pathology, research and practice》2002,198(1):7-12
Tumor angiogenesis is believed to be related to prognostic factors involved in tumor development and metastasis. Using immunohistochemical methods, we evaluated tumor angiogenesis in 42 early invasive breast cancer patients (T1-2, NO-1-2, M0). Four patients received tamoxifen, 25 patients received CAF or CA, and 15 patients received CMF as adjuvant therapy. The median follow-up was 47 (range 24-119) months. Ten patients (43.5%) in the node-positive group and 2 patients (10.5%) in the node-negative group relapsed (p = 0.019). The mean microvessel count (MVC) was 60.3 3.05 per 200x field (range: 16-95). MVCs of postmenopausal and premenopausal patients were 50.13 +/- 5.74 and 68.64 +/- 4.11, respectively, in the axillary lymph node (ALN)-negative patient group (p = 0.04). Staining was moderate to strong in 13 (68%) ALN-negative and in 17 (74%) ALN-positive patients (p > 0.05), and was also moderate to strong in 82% of premenopausal patients and in 50% of postmenopausal patients (p = 0.037). There was no significant relationship between angiogenesis and p53, nor was angiogenesis significantly associated with the patient ER status and tumor size. No significant correlations were found between OS/DFS and Factor VIII staining or p53 (log rank test, p > 0.05). Of all ALN-negative patients with increased angiogenesis, one patient of the CMF group relapsed, but no recurrence occurred in patients undergoing anthracycline-based chemotherapy (p > 0.05). On the other hand, of all ALN-positive patients with increased angiogenesis, 5/14 patients treated with anthracylcine and 2/2 CMF-treated patients relapsed (p = 0.175). Despite the statistical insignificance, anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy appears to be more effective than CMF as regards relapse prevention particularly in early ALN-positive breast cancer patients with increased angiogenesis. Additional studies are necessary to demonstrate the clinical importance of angiogenesis. 相似文献
3.
Kallakuri S Cavanaugh JM Ozaktay AC Takebayashi T 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》2003,148(4):419-424
Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is seen as widespread damage in the white matter of brain characterized by morphological changes
to axons throughout the brain and brain stem. The current study attempted to investigate the effect of increasing impact energy
on the presence and severity of DAI in corpus callosum (CC). DAI was induced in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats using an injury
model adapted from Marmarou et al. in 1994. A 450-g cylindrical brass weight was dropped from three different heights (2.0 m,
1.5 m and 1.0 m) on to a metal helmet affixed to the skull of the rats. In the sham group, rats underwent a surgical procedure
with no impact. After a 24-h survival period the animals were transcardially perfused. The brain was removed and the cerebral
hemispheres were sectioned with a vibrotome and stained by silver impregnation technique. The CC of all the impacted rats
showed DAI in the form of beaded axons, retraction balls and vacuole-like enlargements. The axonal injury was most severe
in the 2-m group, while mildest in the 1-m group. In the sham group, axons appeared to be normal. This study demonstrates
evidence of graded DAI depending on the impact energy. Such data is useful for mathematical modeling of axonal injury in rat
brain using the same impact parameters and potential determination of injury thresholds for neural trauma.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
4.
5.
Emma Fransson Sara Brolin Låftman Viveca Östberg Anders Hjern Malin Bergström 《Child indicators research》2018,11(3):861-883
Among children with separated parents, shared residence – i.e., joint physical custody where the child is sharing his or her time equally between two custodial parents’ homes – is increasing in many Western countries and is particularly common in Sweden. The overall level of living among children in Sweden is high; however, the potential structural differences between children in various post-separation family arrangements have not been sufficiently studied. Potential risks for children with shared residence relate to the daily hassles and stress when having two homes. This study aims at investigating the living conditions of children with shared residence compared with children living with two custodial parents in the same household and those living with one custodial parent, respectively. Swedish national survey data collected from children aged 10–18 years (n ≈ 5000) and their parents were used. The outcomes were grouped into: Economic and material conditions, Social relations with parents and peers, Health and health behaviors, Working conditions and safety in school and in the neighborhood, and Culture and leisure time activities. Results from a series of linear probability models showed that most outcomes were similar for children with shared residence and those living with two custodial parents in the same household, while several outcomes were worse for children living with one parent. However, few differences due to living arrangements were found regarding school conditions. This study highlights the inequalities in the living conditions of Swedish children, with those living with one parent having fewer resources compared with other children. 相似文献
6.
Aydin Çiledağ Hülya Deniz Serpil Eledağ Canan Özkal Nurşen Düzgün Selim Erekul Demet Karnak 《Rheumatology international》2012,32(2):451-455
Churg–Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a rare type of necrotizing vasculitis affecting small to medium-sized vessels typically characterized
by asthma, lung infiltrates, necrotizing granulomas and hypereosinophilia. Herein, we describe a case of CSS presenting severe
and aggressive course. A 35-year-old male patient with weight loss, dyspepsia, dyspnea and hemoptysis was admitted. The laboratory
analyses indicated a remarkable eosinophilia, elevated levels of serum total IgE and positive cANCA. Thorax CT findings were
suggestive of alveolar hemorrhage. Bronchoalveolar lavage revealed alveolar hemorrhage with eosinophilia and transbronchial
lung biopsy showed eosinophilic vasculitis. Cardiac enzymes were increased and murmurs were audible revealing cardiomyopathy
proven by echocardiography. Pulse cyclophosphamide and methyl prednisolone was immediately started. On the 21st day, intestinal
perforation developed and urgent surgery was performed. During a follow-up, although a radiological improvement was observed
in the chest X-ray, cardiac failure, peripheral neuropathy and skin lesions developed and high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin
and anti-TNF therapy (adalimumab) were applied. Despite the therapy, he died from heart failure and septicemia at 68th day
of therapy. 相似文献
7.
Nazan DOLU Seval KELOGLAN Soner BITIKTAS Setenay CUG 《Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES》2013,26(5):394-397
Epilepsy is a neurodegenerative disease that interrupts the normal electrical activity of the brain and promotes abnormal wiring in this organ.Epileptic seizures are often associated with significant changes in the functioning of the autonomic nervous system(ANS). 相似文献
8.
Orhan Ozturan Alper Yenigun Nazan Degirmenci Fadlullah Aksoy Bayram Veyseller 《European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology》2013,270(7):2057-2063
The presence of the Onodi cell (OC) may be accompanied by morphological variations of the neighboring anatomic structures. Such variations carry significant surgical implications and challenges. Pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus induces anterior clinoid pneumatization (ACP), affects the type of the Vidian nerve (VN) canal or alters the courses of the internal carotid artery (ICA), and the optic nerves (ONs) are strongly depending on it. Onodi cell pneumatization may reach and surround the optic nerve in various extension. Our aim in the study was to investigate the effect of Onodi cell’s potential co-existence on these structures. This study was planned as a retrospective and cross-sectional study. This study performed in a tertiary referral center. Coronal computerized tomography images of 999 patients were examined. Using an 64 slices tomography machine, images taken at 3-mm sections were reconstructed using a bone algorithm and evaluated. OCs were present at 212 of the total 320 sides in 160 patients. Type-2 was found to be the most prevalent type of VN canal configuration (Type-2: VN canal partially protrudes into the sphenoid sinus or into the floor of the sphenoid) among all patients (66.5 %) and among those with OCs (71.2 %). The presence or absence of the OC did not cause a statistically significant alteration of the intrasphenoidal course of the VN. The presence of OCs was found to be significant (p < 0.01) in accompanying pneumatization of the anterior clinoid process (34.4 %, 73/212), protrusion (80.1 %, 170/212) and dehiscence (36.3 %, 77/212) of the optic nerve, and protrusion (59 %, 125/212) and dehiscence (20.8 %, 44/212) of the ICA. In 108/320 sides where OCs were absent, no significant correlations existed. This study shows that in the co-existence of an OC, ACP, protrusion and dehiscence of the optic nerve and ICA are encountered at significantly higher rates, while the course of the VN is not necessarily altered. 相似文献
9.
Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the readiness for hospital discharge scale/short form 下载免费PDF全文
10.
Chronic synovitis, unresponsive to systemic medical therapy including agents, anti-inflammatory drugs and remission-inducing agents, and intra-articular administration of corticosteroids can be treated with surgical, chemical and radiation synovectomy. We reported a case of a 23 years old male. Skin radiation necrosis (4 x 5 cm) developed after an injection of Yttrium-90 (Y-90). Full-thickness skin graft had been applied but we were not able to succeed. Skin radiation necrosis was treated with Limberg's flap. As a result we recommend flap surgery instead of skin graft in skin radiation necrosis. 相似文献