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1.
Melinda G Arnett Lisa M Muglia Gloria Laryea Louis J Muglia 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2016,41(1):245-260
The normal function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and resultant glucocorticoid (GC) secretion, is essential for human health. Disruption of GC regulation is associated with pathologic, psychological, and physiological disease states such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, hypertension, diabetes, and osteopenia, among others. As such, understanding the mechanisms by which HPA output is tightly regulated in its responses to environmental stressors and circadian cues has been an active area of investigation for decades. Over the last 20 years, however, advances in gene targeting and genome modification in rodent models have allowed the detailed dissection of roles for key molecular mediators and brain regions responsible for this control in vivo to emerge. Here, we summarize work done to elucidate the function of critical neuropeptide systems, GC-signaling targets, and inflammation-associated pathways in HPA axis regulation and behavior, and highlight areas for future investigation. 相似文献
2.
Fabian M. Laage Gaupp Nadia Solomon Ivan Rukundo Azza A. Naif Erick M. Mbuguje Anish Gonchigar Minzhi Xing John D. Prologo Douglas D. Silin Frank J. Minja 《Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR》2019,30(12):2036-2040
Despite a population of nearly 60 million, there is currently not a single interventional radiologist in Tanzania. Based on an Interventional Radiology (IR) Readiness Assessment, the key obstacles to establishing IR in Tanzania are the lack of training opportunities and limited availability of disposable equipment. An IR training program was designed and initiated, which relies on US-based volunteer teams of IR physicians, nurses, and technologists to locally train radiology residents, nurses, and technologists. Preliminary results support this strategy for addressing the lack of training opportunities and provide a model for introducing IR to other resource-limited settings. 相似文献
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Mahwash Kassi Venkateshwar Polsani Robert C. Schutt Solomon Wong Faisal Nabi Michael J. Reardon Dipan J. Shah 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2019,157(5):1912-1922.e2
Background
The purpose of this analysis is to describe the differences in cardiac magnetic resonance characteristics between benign and malignant tumors, which would be helpful for surgical planning.Methods
This was a prospective cohort study of 130 patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of a suspected cardiac mass. After excluding thrombi and tumors without definitive diagnosis, 66 tumors were evaluated for morphologic features and tissue composition.Results
Of the 66 patients, 39 (59.0%) had malignant tumors and 27 (41.0%) had benign tumors. Patients with malignant tumors were younger when compared with those with benign tumors (age 51 years [42.8-60.0] vs 65 years [60.0-71.0] median). Malignant tumors more often demonstrated tumor invasion (69% vs 0% P < .001) and were more often associated with pericardial effusion (41% vs 7.4% P = .004). Presence of first-pass perfusion (100% vs 33% P < .001) and late gadolinium enhancement (100% vs 59.2%, P < .001) were significantly higher in malignant tumors. In logistic regression modeling, tumor invasion (P < .001) and first-pass perfusion (P < .001) were independently associated with malignancy. Furthermore, using classification and regression tree analysis, we developed a decision tree algorithm to help differentiate benign from malignant tumors (diagnostic accuracy ~90%). The algorithm-weighted cost of misclassifying a malignant tumor as benign was twice that of classifying a benign tumor as malignant.Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is a useful noninvasive method for differentiating malignant from benign cardiac tumors. Tumor size, invasion, and first-pass perfusion were useful imaging characteristics in differentiating benign from malignant tumors. 相似文献5.
Anthony BOERS Qiang LI Melinda WONG Marian MILLER Geoff LITTLEJOHN 《International journal of rheumatic diseases》2006,9(1):43-48
Aim: We performed a semiprospective and retrospective review of all admissions to a single institution of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, admitted due to active disease. The aim was to describe differences in disease activity as a cause of hospital admissions between patients originating from South‐East Asia/China (SAC) and Caucasians. Method: There were 210 patients admitted for active disease, with a total of 567 admissions for active SLE over a 16‐year period. Allowing for patients who had left our database, there was a total of 3415 patient years of observation. Results: Patients from SAC with a flare requiring admission presented earlier in their disease course and with more active disease than did Caucasians (median SLE Disease Activity Index 13 vs. 8, P= 0.002). They had longer inpatient stays (7 vs. 5 days P = 0.03). There was a trend to higher rates of re‐presentation to hospital for flare (59% in SAC patients vs. 41% in Caucasians, P = 0.09) with more subsequent admissions (3 vs. 2 P = 0.06) despite a shorter period of observation. Conclusions: South‐East Asian/Chinese were more likely to be diagnosed with class III/IV glomerulonephritis and require cyclophosphamide both at presentation and subsequent admissions. More patients from SAC were readmitted to hospital for severe central nervous system disease after their first hospital admission. In this population, lupus patients had more severe flares and more frequently required admission for these than Caucasians. 相似文献
6.
Seymour Solomon Brian M Grosberg Deborah I Friedman Richard B Lipton 《Journal of neuro-ophthalmology》2007,27(3):243-4; author reply 244-5
7.
Various cases are presented demonstrating the role of computed tomography (CT) in the assessment of serosal and bowel wall pathology. Reference is made to the morphology of the lesions. Illustrative examples of tumors, secondary malignant dissemination, irradiation injury to the gut, and intramural gas associated with ulcerative colitis, are all illustrated. 相似文献
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9.
Belinda Joy Deal Rebecca A Fountain Carol Ann Russell-Broaddus Melinda Stanley-Hermanns 《Disaster Management & Response》2006,4(4):100-105
Hurricanes Katrina and Rita forced many individuals along the coast of Texas and Louisiana to seek shelter inland. Among the evacuees were residents with special needs and residents of nursing homes and group homes caring for mentally retarded and physically disabled persons. Many nurses volunteered to provide health care for those in need. This article discusses challenges and opportunities that were encountered by nurses volunteering in special-needs shelters. Issues related to human and physical resources, patient care, and confidentiality are discussed including lessons learned. As nurses who cared for evacuees in the shelter, it is hoped some of the lessons learned can be utilized in future disasters. 相似文献
10.
It was hypothesized that members of an older cohort of seriously mentally ill community mental health clients would develop stronger alliances with intensive case managers. Eighty-six clients participating in a study of case management services completed a measure of working alliance and structured interviews. It was found that older cohort clients, those age 45 or older, showed much stronger alliances with their case managers than younger clients.This research is funded by NIMH/SAMHSA grant R18MH46082. 相似文献