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1.
R. P. Heaney T. M. Zizic I. Fogelman W. P. Olszynski P. Geusens C. Kasibhatla N. Alsayed G. Isaia M. W. Davie C. H. Chesnut III 《Osteoporosis international》2002,13(6):501-505
Risedronate treatment reduces the risk of vertebral fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures, but its efficacy
in prevention of the first vertebral fracture in women with osteoporosis but without vertebral fractures has not been determined.
We examined the risk of first vertebral fracture in postmenopausal women who were enrolled in four placebo-controlled clinical
trials of risedronate and who had low lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) (mean T-score =–3.3) and no vertebral fractures at baseline. Subjects received risedronate 5 mg (n= 328) or placebo (n= 312) daily for up to 3 years; all subjects were given calcium (1000 mg daily), as well as vitamin D supplementation (up
to 500 IU daily) if baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were low. The incidence of first vertebral fracture was 9.4%
in the women treated with placebo and 2.6% in those treated with risedronate 5 mg (risk reduction of 75%, 95% confidence interval
37% to 90%; P= 0.002). The number of patients who would need to be treated to prevent one new vertebral fracture is 15. When subjects were
stratified by age, similar significant reductions were observed in patients with a mean age of 64 years (risk reduction of
70%, 95% CI 8% to 90%; P= 0.030) and in those with a mean age of 76 years (risk reduction of 80%, 95% CI 7% to 96%; P= 0.024). Risedronate treatment therefore significantly reduces the risk of first vertebral fracture in postmenopausal women
with osteoporosis, with a similar magnitude of effect early and late after the menopause.
Received: 12 September 2001 / Accepted: 11 December 2001 相似文献
2.
Intratemporal vascular tumors: detection with CT and MR imaging 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lo WW; Shelton C; Waluch V; Solti-Bohman LG; Carberry JN; Brackmann DE; Wade CT 《Radiology》1989,171(2):445-448
The diagnostic contributions of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging were compared in 12 patients with benign intratemporal vascular tumors (hemangioma or vascular malformation). The tumors included six in the internal acoustic canal and six in the geniculate ganglion region. Clinical and histologic correlations were made. Two of the six patients with tumors in the internal acoustic canal underwent CT, and both required gas cisternography to show the tumor. Five patients in that group underwent MR imaging, and all five studies showed the tumor. All six patients with geniculate ganglion tumors underwent CT. Results in one study were questionable, and five showed the tumor. Five patients in this group underwent MR imaging, but the MR findings were positive in only two cases. MR imaging should therefore be performed before CT in the evaluation of facial nerve dysfunction, as it demonstrated all tumors in the internal acoustic canal and some in the geniculate ganglion region. If MR findings are negative, CT should then be performed to rule out a possible geniculate ganglion lesion. 相似文献
3.
Because of the trend toward a marked decrease in length of psychiatric hospitalization, clinicians need to improve the organization of the therapeutic milieu so that behavioral changes can be effected more rapidly. A university general psychiatric unit has adapted a problem-solving model that integrates groups and activities so that each one focuses on complementary behavioral objectives for each patient with the aim of effecting more rapid behavior change. The stages of the model are incorporated in a weekly sequence that begins with a goal-setting group. In a series of subsequent groups, each patient tries to develop and implement a solution to the problem identified that week. At the end of each week, patients participate in a goal review group, with feedback from staff and peers and self-reinforcement. The model can be used with a diverse patient population without interfering with each patient's individual psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy. 相似文献
4.
Human calcium absorption from whole-wheat products 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fractional calcium absorption from wheat products and the influence of co-ingested wheat products on calcium absorption from milk were measured in a series of randomized crossover studies in healthy adult women. The wheat had been intrinsically labeled with 45Ca during growth. In the first study, fractional calcium absorption from leavened whole-wheat bread averaged 0.817 +/- 0.124. By comparison, absorption from milk, ingested at a comparable load in the same women, averaged only 0.589 +/- 0.111. When labeled bread was co-ingested with milk, at the same aggregate load as for bread alone, bread calcium absorption fell to 0.748 +/- 0.103 (P less than 0.05). In a second study, calcium absorption from an extruded cereal prepared from intrinsically labeled wheat bran was compared with milk. Calcium absorption from the cereal (0.223 +/- 0.046) was significantly less than from milk (0.375 +/- 0.072) (P less than 0.001). When the two were co-fed at the same total load, milk calcium absorption fell to 0.258 +/- 0.055 (P less than 0.001). In a third study, the effect of phytate hydrolysis through yeast fermentation and of Maillard browning on calcium absorption was investigated using leavened bread and underbaked and overbaked cookies, each made with intrinsically labeled wheat flour. Calcium absorption from cookies was not affected by the extent of browning and averaged 0.652 +/- 0.087. However, calcium absorption from bread in these same women averaged 0.703 +/- 0.108. This was significantly more than from the cookies (P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
5.
Soybean phytate content: effect on calcium absorption 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
R P Heaney C M Weaver M L Fitzsimmons 《The American journal of clinical nutrition》1991,53(3):745-747
Absorption of calcium from soybeans with low and high phytate contents, intrinsically labeled with 45Ca, was measured in 16 normal women and compared in 15 of these same subjects with absorption of calcium from labeled milk. The average test load of calcium for all three sources was 2.45 mmol. Fractional calcium absorption (+/- SD) from the high-phytate soybeans averaged 0.310 +/- 0.070; from the low phytate soybeans, 0.414 +/- 0.074; and from milk, 0.377 +/- 0.056. The mean difference (+/- SEM) in fractional calcium absorption for the two phytate levels was 0.104 +/- 0.014 (P less than 0.001). 相似文献
6.
K.A. Eaton F.M. Rimini E. Zak D.J. Brookman L.M.A. Hopkins P. J. Carmell LG. Yates C. A. Morrice B.A. Lall H. N. Newman 《Journal of clinical periodontology》1997,24(3):189-197
Abstract Several previous studies have evaluated the effects of 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate (ChD) mouthrinses on plaque and gingival inflammation. However, previously, none have been based in general dental practices. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential to conduct controlled periodontal clinical trials in co-operation with general dental practitioners (gdps). The project took place in 5 general dental practices in the South of England. 121 healthy subjects (24 at 4 sites and 25 at the 5th). aged 18-65 years, mean 35 ± 12) years participated in a double-blind, randomised study during which they received full mouth assessments for plaque and gingival bleeding at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks. 60 subjects were randomly asigned to use the 0.12% ChD mouth wash and 6i the placebo. The assessments were carried out by 5 gpds, who had previously achieved inter-examiner κ scores of 0.78–0.85 (mean 0.81) for the plaque index (PlI), and of 0.73–0.94 (mean 0.87) for a modified gingival index (mGI), and who maintained κ scores of 0.51–0.90 for PII and of 0.73–1.00 for mGI during the 12 months required to complete the study. 98 subjects (48 ChD and 50 placebo) completed the study. Even though the baseline levels of plaque and gingivitis were low, by week 12, mean whole mouth piaque score of the ChD mouthwash users had fallen from 1.33 at baseline to 0.96 and was significantly lower (p < 0.001) than for the placebo users, 1.31 at baseline to 1.13. Whole-mouth gingival bleeding score fell from 0.56 to 0.42 in the ChD mouthwash group but was unchanged (0.54–0.55) in the placebo group. A subsidiary data analysis which considered the effects at sites indicated that within these overall differences, the ChD users experienced almost 2× the reduction from plaque score 2 at baseline at proximal molar sites over a 12-week period (50.6% ChD versus 27.6% placebo). It was concluded that 0.12% ChD mouthwash reduced plaque accumulation fay 28% and gingival inflammation by 25% over a 12–week period, that it is feasible for a group of gdps to maintain high levels of inter–examiner consistency in the use of PlI and mGI, that it is also feasible to carry out such a multicentre study in general dental practice, and that the use of mean mouth scores per subject to analyse the effects of mouthrinses may well mask variations in response throughout the mouth. 相似文献
7.
LG Dortmund 《MedR Medizinrecht》2007,25(8):493-494
Abstrakt Vergibt ein behandelnder Arzt eine Laboruntersuchung an einen externen Laborarzt, kommt entweder direkt ein Vertragsverh?ltnis
zwischen dem Laborarzt und dem Patienten zustande oder der Patient haftet dem Laborarzt aus den Grunds?tzen der Gesch?ftsführung
ohne Auftrag. 相似文献
8.
9.
Periosteal Ewing sarcoma 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
10.
The Charcot-Mane-Tooth disease type 1A (CMTlA) phenotype is most often associated with a 1.5 megabase (mb), tandem duplication of chromosome 17 band p12 (17˜12). The prevailing hypothesis is that the demyelinating neuropathy results from a dosage effect of the peripheral myelin protein gene PMP22 which is included within this duplication. We present a patient with clinical and electrophysiological features ofCMTlA in whom an extra PMP22 gene resulted from a rare unbalanced translocation of 17p to the X chromosome. This finding further supports the hypothesis of gene dosage as the basis for CMTlA. More-over, this case highlights the importance of fluorescence in siiu hybridization (FISH) as an alternative molecular technique in the diagnosis of CMTlA. 相似文献