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1.
Fahad Ali Rahul Smita Jyoti Ambreen Fatima Saba Khanam Falaq Naz Yasir Hasan Siddique 《Scientia pharmaceutica》2016,84(2):361-377
The present investigation was aimed at studying the possible role of curcumin against N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA)-induced toxicity in albino rats. Administration of NDEA to rats at a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml in drinking water ad libitum for 21 days produced toxicity in them, which was evident from histopathological changes in the rat livers, and increased levels of blood serum enzyme markers, i.e. aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase. In addition, the levels of oxidative stress markers like lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carbonyl (PCC), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity were elevated and the total glutathione (GSH) content was reduced in the livers. The administration of curcumin to rats at concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 mg/ml in drinking water along with 0.1 mg/ml of NDEA for 21 days effectively suppressed NDEA-induced toxicity and also resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in the levels of blood serum enzyme markers (AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH). Moreover, LPO, PCC, and GST activity were reduced and the GSH level was increased upon the administration of curcumin along with NDEA. The results obtained for the comet assay in rat hepatocytes and blood lymphocytes showed a significant dose-dependent decrease in the mean tail length. The micronucleus assay performed on rat hepatocytes also showed a dose-dependent reduction in the frequency of micronucleated cells along with curcumin administration. These results suggest that curcumin has a protective role against NDEA-induced toxicity in albino rats. 相似文献
2.
Bacteria or their products may cause chronic inflammation and subsequent bone loss. This inflammation and bone loss may be associated with significant morbidity in chronic otitis media, periodontitis, endodontic lesions, and loosening of orthopedic implants caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-contaminated implant particles. Currently, it is not clear how bacteria or endotoxin-induced bone resorption occurs and what cell types are involved. Here we report that Porphyromonas gingivalis, a periodontal pathogen, and Escherichia coli LPS induce osteoclastic cell formation from murine leukocytes in the absence of osteoblasts. In contrast, stimulation with parathyroid hormone had no effect. These multinucleated, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells were positive for receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK), the receptor for osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL), also known as RANK ligand (RANKL). Blocking antibodies demonstrated that their formation was dependent upon expression of OPGL and, to a lesser extent, on tumor necrosis factor alpha. Mononuclear cells represented a significant source of OPGL production. In vivo, P. gingivalis injection stimulated OPGL expression in both mononuclear leukocytes and osteoblastic cells. Thus, these findings describe a pathway by which bacteria could enhance osteolysis independently of osteoblasts and suggest that the mix of cells that participate in inflammatory and physiologic bone resorption may be different. This may give insight into new targets of therapeutic intervention. 相似文献
3.
Jamal M. Arif Mohammed Kunhi Yunus M. Siddiqui Khalid A. El Sayed Khaled Y. Orabi Amal Al-Hazzani Mohammed N. Al-Ahdal Fahad M. Al-Khodairy 《Medicinal chemistry research》2004,13(6-7):553-562
In the present study, two of the probable an umor marine compounds, manzamine A and sarcophine, were screened using benzo[a]pyrene (BP)-derived DNA adduct formation in MCF-7 cells as intermediary biomarker. Briefly, MCF-7 cells were treated with
the compounds for 24 h followed by treatment with BP (0.5 μM). After 24h incubation, cellular DNA was isolated and analyzed
for BP-derived DNA adducts by 32P-postlabeling technique. Manzamine A and sarcophine increased the BP-DNA adducts by 2 to 4-folds. Further, manzamine A (50
μM) substantially down regulated the expression of p53 while sarcophine (50 μM) slightly induced the level of p21. The residual
DNA repair ability was almost completely abolished by manzamine A while sarcophine was ineffective. Based on our preliminary
results, these compounds may be classified as potential genotoxic. 相似文献
4.
Maen Abdelrahim Hadeel Al-Rawi Abdullah Esmail Jiaqiong Xu Godsfavour Umoru Fahad Ibnshamsah Ala Abudayyeh David Victor Ashish Saharia Robert McMillan Ebtesam Al Najjar Doaa Bugazia Maryam Al-Rawi Rafik M. Ghobrial 《Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)》2022,29(5):3585
Background: The management of cholangiocarcinoma is continually reviewed on a current evidence basis to develop practice guidelines and consensus statements. However, the standardized treatment guidelines are still unclear for cholangiocarcinoma patients who are listed for liver transplantation. We aimed to validate and evaluate the potential efficacy of chemotherapy combination of Gemcitabine and Cisplatin as a neo-adjuvant treatment for cholangiocarcinoma patients before liver transplantation. Methods: In this prospective case series, patients with locally advanced, unresectable, hilar, or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with no evidence of extrahepatic disease or vascular involvement were treated with a combination of neoadjuvant gemcitabine and cisplatin with no radiation. All patients included received chemotherapy prior to being listed for liver transplantation at a single cancer center according to an open-labeled, and center-approved clinical management protocol. The primary endpoints were the overall survival and recurrence-free survival after liver transplantation. Results: Between 1 March 2016, and 15 March 2022, 10 patients (8 males and 2 females) with a median age of 62.71(interquartile range: 60.02–71.87) had a confirmed diagnosis of intrahepatic or hilar cholangiocarcinoma and underwent liver transplantation. Median days of neoadjuvant therapy for a given combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin were 181 (IRQ: 120–250). Nine patients (90%) were reported with no recurrence or metastasis, and only 1 patient had confirmed metastasis (10%); days for metastasis after transplantation were 612 for this patient. All patients received a combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin as neo-adjuvant while awaiting liver transplantation. The median days of follow-up were 851 (813–967). Overall survival was 100% (95% CI 100–100%) at both years one and two; 75% (95% CI 13–96%) at years three to five. One patient died at eight hundred and eighty-five days. No adverse events were reported after liver transplantation including the patient who was confirmed with recurrence. Conclusions: Our finding demonstrated that neo-adjuvant gemcitabine and cisplatin with no radiation prior to liver transplantation resulted in excellent outcomes for patients with cholangiocarcinoma. 相似文献
5.
Augmentation pharyngoplasty, in which tissue filler or grafts are used to augment the posterior nasopharynx, is an accepted option to treat velopharyngeal insufficiency. It is generally well tolerated and safe with limited side effects. In this study, we describe a case of a retropharyngeal abscess and Grisel syndrome following hyaluronic acid augmentation pharyngoplasty. Grisel syndrome is a serious condition that requires early diagnosis and prompt intervention to prevent further complications. 相似文献
6.
Intraoperative blood transfusion in pediatric patients undergoing renal transplant—Effect of renal graft size
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Rakan I. Odeh Martin Sidler Teresa Skelton Fadi Zu’bi Naimet K. Naoum Ibraheem Abu Azzawayed Fahad A. Alyami Armando J. Lorenzo Walid A. Farhat Martin A. Koyle 《Pediatric transplantation》2018,22(3)
In pediatric RT, donor allograft size often exceeds the expected recipient norms, especially in younger recipients. An “oversize” graft might not only present a technical‐ and space‐related challenge, but may possibly lead to increased demands in perioperative volume requirements due to the disparity between donor and recipient in renal blood flow. We evaluated transfusion practices at a single tertiary institution with special consideration of kidney graft size, hypothesizing that oversize graft kidneys might lead to a quantifiable increased need of blood transfusion in smaller recipients. Retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent pediatric RT from January 2004 to June 2014 at a tertiary pediatric centre was performed. Variables analyzed included patient age, weight, pre‐ and postoperative Hb concentration, graft size, EBL, amount of intraoperative blood transfusion, and preoperative use of erythropoietin. Based on graft size in relation to patient's age, a SMR and an OvR were identified. A subcohort of age‐matched pairs was used to allow for comparison between groups. We calculated the expected procedure‐ and transfusion‐induced changes in Hb and compared these changes to the observed difference in pre‐ vs postoperative Hb to assess the influence of graft size on transfusion requirements. RT was performed in 188 pediatric recipients during the study period. In the matched cohort, percentage of transfused patients during transplantation in the OvR group was more than double compared with SMR (89% vs 39%, P < .001); similarly, the median number of transfused PRBC units in OvR was 1, while the median of SMR did not receive transfusion (P < .001). The difference between expected (calculated) and observed change in Hb was significantly higher in OvR with a median of 1.9 g/dL compared with SMR with a median of 1.0 g/dL (P = .026). Correspondingly, the calculated median volume taken up by a regular size kidney was significantly higher with 213 mL compared with 313 mL (P = .031) taken up by an oversize graft kidney. Median estimated intraoperative blood loss was significantly higher in OvR than in SMR (6.9 mL/kg, vs 5.3 mL/kg, respectively; P = .04). Median postoperative Hb was similar among groups (10.4 g/dL vs 10.6 g/dL for SMR vs OvR, respectively). Transplantation of an oversized kidney in pediatric RT recipients is associated with a quantifiable higher need for blood transfusion. This may be caused by a higher intraoperative EBL and/or greater blood volume sequestered by the larger renal allograft and requires further evaluation. 相似文献
7.
Al-Ateeg FA 《Saudi medical journal》2004,25(10):1337-1346
In the past 25 years, the world has witnessed the emergence and re-emergence of many infectious diseases. In the early stages of their emergence, isolation and quarantine may be the only and last resort to effectively control infectious diseases when we are confronted with limited or no knowledge of a newly identified and previously unknown contagious disease, which causes a serious public health threat either locally or internationally. The article traces back the origins of isolation and quarantine; defines precisely the terms isolation and quarantine as they are currently used in the modern era; compare and contrast these terms; identifies some of the harmful consequences of applying quarantine measures; highlights considerations for the use of isolation and quarantine; and identifies alternative measures adopted by the world health community to respond to emerging and re-emerging health threats. 相似文献
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10.
Fahad A. Almugbel Narhari Timilshina Naser AlQurini Allison Loucks Rana Jin Arielle Berger Lindy Romanovsky Martine Puts Shabbir M.H. Alibhai 《Journal of Geriatric Oncology》2021,12(5):786-792
Background: The Vulnerable Elders Survey (VES-13) is commonly used to identify older patients who may benefit from Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) prior to cancer treatment. The optimal cut point of the VES-13 to identify those whose final oncologic treatment plan would change after CGA is unclear. We hypothesized that patients with high positive VES-13 scores (7–10)have a higher likelihood of a change in treatment compared to low positive scores (3–6).Methods: Retrospective review of a customized database of all patients seen for pre-treatment assessment in an academic geriatric oncology clinic from June 2015 to June 2019. Various VES-13 cut points were analyzed to identify those individuals whose treatment was modified after CGA. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated and subgroups of patients treated locally or systemically were also examined to determine if performance varied by treatment modality.Results: We included 386 patients with mean age 81, 58% males. Gastrointestinal cancer was the most common site (31%) and 60% were planned to receive curative treatment. The final treatment plan was modified in 59% overall, with 52.7% modified with VES-13 scores 7–10, 50.8% with scores 3–6 and 28.1% with scores <3 (P = 0.002). VES-13 performance in predicting treatment modification was similar for cut points 3 (AUC 0.58), 4 (0.59), 5 (0.59), and 6 (0.59) and in those considering local treatment vs. chemotherapy.Conclusions: A positive VES-13 score was associated with final oncologic treatment plan modification. A high positive score was not superior to the conventional cut point of ≥3. 相似文献