全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4991篇 |
免费 | 317篇 |
国内免费 | 21篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 28篇 |
儿科学 | 213篇 |
妇产科学 | 111篇 |
基础医学 | 750篇 |
口腔科学 | 60篇 |
临床医学 | 511篇 |
内科学 | 911篇 |
皮肤病学 | 104篇 |
神经病学 | 539篇 |
特种医学 | 341篇 |
外科学 | 498篇 |
综合类 | 26篇 |
一般理论 | 5篇 |
预防医学 | 463篇 |
眼科学 | 52篇 |
药学 | 315篇 |
中国医学 | 7篇 |
肿瘤学 | 395篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 16篇 |
2022年 | 37篇 |
2021年 | 89篇 |
2020年 | 52篇 |
2019年 | 82篇 |
2018年 | 91篇 |
2017年 | 67篇 |
2016年 | 82篇 |
2015年 | 103篇 |
2014年 | 121篇 |
2013年 | 247篇 |
2012年 | 299篇 |
2011年 | 264篇 |
2010年 | 185篇 |
2009年 | 172篇 |
2008年 | 285篇 |
2007年 | 305篇 |
2006年 | 305篇 |
2005年 | 335篇 |
2004年 | 253篇 |
2003年 | 277篇 |
2002年 | 271篇 |
2001年 | 67篇 |
2000年 | 64篇 |
1999年 | 83篇 |
1998年 | 73篇 |
1997年 | 58篇 |
1996年 | 58篇 |
1995年 | 46篇 |
1994年 | 45篇 |
1993年 | 43篇 |
1992年 | 46篇 |
1991年 | 36篇 |
1990年 | 43篇 |
1989年 | 40篇 |
1988年 | 31篇 |
1987年 | 37篇 |
1986年 | 28篇 |
1985年 | 29篇 |
1984年 | 31篇 |
1983年 | 34篇 |
1982年 | 42篇 |
1981年 | 28篇 |
1980年 | 27篇 |
1979年 | 36篇 |
1978年 | 27篇 |
1973年 | 15篇 |
1971年 | 19篇 |
1965年 | 14篇 |
1960年 | 14篇 |
排序方式: 共有5329条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Ana L Hermogenes Michael Richardson Arinos Magalhaes Armando Yarleque Edith Rodriguez Eladio F Sanchez 《Toxicon》2006,47(4):490-494
Lachesis venom plasminogen activator (LV-PA) is a 33-kDa serine proteinase isolated from bushmaster (Lachesis muta muta) snake venom, which activates the fibrinolytic system in vitro. This study has examined the effect of the plasma proteinase inhibitor alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2-M) towards LV-PA and compares it with the effect on tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA). The proteolytic activity of LV-PA alone or previously incubated with human plasminogen (Plg) on the large molecular mass protein substrates, dimethylcasein (DMC) and fibrinogen (Fg) was completely inhibited by human alpha2-M. However, the synthetic peptides Tos-Gly-Pro-Lys-pNA and H-D-Pro-Phe-Arg-pNA (S-2302) were hydrolyzed with almost no reduction in rate. At pH 7.4 and 37 degrees C the proteinase (0.15 microM over 15 min) interacted with alpha2-M, and each mole of alpha2-M bound 2 mol of enzyme. Sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis of reduced samples showed that the interaction of alpha2-M with either LV-PA or t-PA preincubated with Plg resulted in the formation of approximately 90 kDa fragments and high molecular mass complexes (Mr 180 kDa), generated by the incubation mixture (LV-PA or t-PA) and Plg. The data suggest that LV-PA is a direct-type PA and its fibrinolytic effect can be reduced by alpha2-M in vivo. 相似文献
2.
A 68-year-old man developed pandysautonomia with severe orthostatic dysfunction, fixed heart rate, low serum levels of norepinephrine and epinephrine, absent sympathetic skin responses, and pupillary abnormalities. CSF protein was 92 mg/dl. In spite of a good recovery following corticosteroid administration, a relapse occurred, with accompanying sensory symptoms confined to both arms. Fatal sudden cardiac arrest occurred after 4 months. Autopsy revealed numerous lymphocytic infiltrates, predominantly in autonomic and sensory ganglia and, to a lesser extent, in the nerve roots, spinal cord, and brainstem without evidence for an underlying tumor. This case provides histopathologic evidence for an inflammatory etiology of panautonomic neuropathy in some patients. 相似文献
3.
Work-related injuries in minors 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
S E Schober J L Handke W E Halperin M B Moll M J Thun 《American journal of industrial medicine》1988,14(5):585-595
Since 1938, federal child labor laws have restricted employment of persons under 18 years old, in part to protect them from hazardous occupations. Workers' compensation claims reported to the Supplementary Data System of the Bureau of Labor Statistics were examined to define the current status of occupational injuries among minors. Data tapes from 1980 to 1983 were searched to identify all current claims for injuries and illnesses occurring in 1980 in persons under age 18. Injury rates were calculated using information about employment in 1979 available from the 1980 census. In the 24 states included in this study, 23,823 claims were reported for persons less than 18 years old. Of these claims, approximately 10% were from persons under age 16. Rates of injuries in 16- and 17 year olds were 12.6 per 100 full-time male workers and 6.6 per 100 full-time female workers. Serious injuries included fractures, dislocations, and amputations, accounting for 5.8%, 0.7%, and 0.6% of cases, respectively. California, the only state that coded whether injuries resulted in fatalities, reported 12 deaths in this age group. Machines and vehicles, many of which are restricted under child labor laws, accounted for 8.3% and 5.8% of claims. These data suggest that persons under age 18 years are not adequately protected from occupational injury. Further attention and, possibly, new preventive strategies are needed. 相似文献
4.
5.
Monitoring left ventricular dilation in mice with PET. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Lars Stegger Klaus P Sch?fers Ulrich Fl?gel Lefteris Livieratos Sven Hermann Christoph Jacoby Petra Keul Edward M Conway Otmar Schober Jürgen Schrader Bodo Levkau Michael Sch?fers 《Journal of nuclear medicine》2005,46(9):1516-1521
Molecular imaging by small-animal PET is an important noninvasive means to phenotype transgenic mouse models in vivo. When investigating pathologies of the left ventricular (LV) myocardium, the serial assessment of LV volumes is important. By this, the presence of LV dilation as a sign of developing heart failure can be detected. Whereas PET is usually used to derive biochemical and molecular information, functional parameters such as ventricular volumes are generally measured using echocardiography or MRI. In this study, a novel method to monitor LV dilation in mice with PET is presented and evaluated using cardiac MRI. METHODS: A semiautomatic 3-dimensional algorithm was used to delineate the LV myocardial wall on static PET images depicting myocardial glucose metabolism ((18)F-FDG PET) for 20 mice: 10 wild-type and 10 genetically modified littermates designed to develop a dilative cardiomyopathy phenotype (cardiomyocyte-specific knockout of survivin). The volume enclosed by the 3-dimensional midmyocardial contour was calculated as a measure for LV volume for each mouse. Data were compared with ventricular volumes measured by MRI in the same animals. RESULTS: LV volumes obtained by PET and MRI correlated well (R = 0.89) for hearts with small and large left ventricles. In accordance with the hypothesis, the LV volumes were increased significantly for transgenic mice examined at an older age compared with those examined at a younger age (MRI: 160.5 +/- 25.7 microL vs. 114.7 +/- 15.2 microL [P = 0.012]; PET: 129.3 +/- 15.3 microL vs. 73.8 +/- 15.0 microL [P < 0.001], all values shown as mean +/- SD; for MRI, mean of end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes are given), whereas they did not for their wild-type littermates (MRI: 106.2 +/- 12.3 microL vs. 94.7 +/- 14.6 microL [P = 0.214]; PET: 82.6 +/- 20.9 microL vs. 65.0 +/- 16.9 microL [P = 0.185]). CONCLUSION: Evaluation and quantitation of LV dilation in both control and cardiomyopathic mice can be reliably and serially performed using small-animal PET and (18)F-FDG, yielding useful functional information in addition to metabolic data. 相似文献
6.
Adolf Pfefferbaum Edith V. Sullivan Margaret J. Rosenbloom Paula K. Shear Daniel H. Mathalon Kelvin O. Lim 《Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging》1993,50(4):257-274
This cross-sectional study used a semi-automated analysis technique to quantify regional brain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumes derived from computed tomography (CT) in 84 healthy men ranging from 21 to 82 years of age and 28 patients meeting Research Diagnostic Criteria for alcohol dependence. The goals were to replicate an earlier CT study of an independent sample of alcoholic and control subjects (Pfefferbaum et al., 1988a; Zipursky et al., 1988) and to compare CT assessments of brain changes with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessments made in the same alcoholic patients (Pfefferbaum et al., 1992). Regional brain changes associated with normal aging were derived by regression analysis, using CT data collected from the healthy control subjects. As in the earlier CT study and in the concurrent MRI study, ventricular and sulcal CSF volumes in alcoholic patients were greater than would be expected for their age. Furthermore, the present CT study replicated the previous CT and MRI findings of a positive relationship between age and CSF volume enlargement in alcoholic patients over and above the normal age-related increase in CSF volume, suggesting greater vulnerability of the aging brain to alcohol. Comparison of CT-and MRI-derived estimates of ventricular and cortical sulcal volume revealed high correlations (>0.80). MRI and CT produced similar absolute ventricular volumes, while MRI produced larger sulcal volume estimates than did CT. The difference in sulcal volume estimate may be due to differences between CT and MRI in slice thickness and sensitivity to partial volume effects. 相似文献
7.
Summary A simple mechanical model using a piston to produce localized cerebral contusions in pigs, is presented.The precision and reproducibility of the method are described by the biomechanical and pathological results.There are only pathological changes with haemorrhage and laceration close to the place of entry of the piston. The changes in the physiological parameters also indicate that the damage is focal.In this model, when kept intact, the dura mater offers considerable protection as no pathological changes in the brain are observed even when the energy at the time of the contusion is increased to twice the values which, when the dura is open, cause considerable damage. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
J. Menzel O. Schober P. Reimer W. Domschke 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》1997,24(6):635-641
In patients with liver cirrhosis a transjugularly placed intrahepatic portocaval shunt (TIPS) is a non-surgical portosystemic device which aims to reduce portal venons pressure. In comparison with Doppler sonography, we evaluated in 28 patients the diagnostic impact of liver perfusion scintigraphy (with technetium-99m diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid) in the assessment of changes in the hepatic blood flow after TIPS shunting. The arterial and portal contributions to hepatic flow were calculated from the areas under the biphasic timeactivity curve. In the course of TIPS shunting, patency is threatened by reocclusion. Angiography is the gold standard for TIPS shunt reassessment. However, there is a need for a less invasive diagnostic procedure, such as scintigraphy or Doppler sonography, for the early detection of shunt insufficiency. Scintigraphy demonstrated that prior to TIPS shunting the portal venons contribution to hepatic perfusion was reduced to 29.2%, this reduction being due to portal hypertension. After TIPS placement a significant increase in portal venous perfusion was observed (38.2%;P<0.02). TIPS shunt occlusion was identified in patients by a significant reduction in the scintigraphically measured portal venons contribution to hepatic blood flow. Hepatic perfusion scintigraphy appears to be a valuable method to determine the immediate effect of TIPS on hepatic blood flow. Post-TIPS follow-up studies of hepatic haemodynamics by liver perfusion scintigraphy appear able to contribute to the detection of TIPS shunt occlusion before the clinical consequences of this complication have become apparent. 相似文献