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排序方式: 共有971条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
顺铂聚乳酸微球的药物释放特性及肝动脉栓塞研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
对顺铂聚乳酸微球进行了体外药物释放和家犬肝动脉栓塞研究。该微球粒径范围为50~200μm,平均粒径为115.76±35.94μm,顺铂含量为37.16%(W/W);体外药物释放机制符合Higuchi方程;肝动脉栓塞后8h,肝组织顺铂浓度高达21.55±12.18μg/g,明显高于肝动脉灌注顺铂组:3.16±0.09μg/g(P<0.05);肝动脉栓塞组的顺铂血浓峰值、各取血点浓度及曲线下面积AUC皆低于肝动脉灌注顺铂组。可望达到提高栓塞部位的药物疗效,降低全身毒副反应的作用。 相似文献
2.
PC Chamyal A Mehta SL Ojha JR Bhardwaj 《Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery》1991,43(1):26-27
Primary tuberculous pathology in nasolpolypi is a rare condition. A case of bilateral ethmoidal polypi with tubercular lesion diagnosed on histopathologlcal examination is being reported and the available relevant literature has been reviewed. 相似文献
3.
Michael D. Cabana David Bruckman Susan L. Bratton Alex R. Kemper Noreen M. Clark 《The Journal of asthma》2003,40(7):741-749
Background. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) guidelines recommend that patients receive a follow-up outpatient asthma visit after being discharged from an emergency department (ED) for asthma. Objective. To measure the frequency of follow-up outpatient asthma visits and its association with repeat ED asthma visit. Design. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children with asthma using claims data from a university-based managed care organization from 01 1998 to 10 2000. We performed a multivariate survival analysis using Cox proportional hazards model to determine the effect of follow-up outpatient asthma visits on the likelihood of a repeat ED asthma visit, after controlling for severity of illness, patient age, gender, insurance, and the specialty of the primary care provider. Results: A total of 561 children had 780 ED asthma visits. Of these, 103 (17%) had a repeat ED asthma visit within 1 year. Almost two-thirds of children (66%) did not receive outpatient follow-up for asthma within 30 days of an ED asthma visit. Outpatient asthma visits within 30 days of an ED asthma visit are associated with an increased likelihood (relative risk = 1.80; 95% confidence interval 1.19, 2.72) for repeat ED asthma visits within 1 year. Conclusions. Most patients do not have outpatient follow-up after an ED asthma visit. However, those patients that present for outpatient follow-up have an increased likelihood for repeat ED asthma visits. For the primary care provider, these outpatient follow-up visits signal an increased risk that a patient will return to the ED for asthma and are a key opportunity to prevent future ED asthma visits. 相似文献
4.
BACKGROUND: Many patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseuse their medication inhalers incorrectly. General practitioners,pharmacists and other health care providers do not always havethe opportunity to instruct patients in correct inhaler technique. OBJECTIVE: To find out whether the inhaler technique and respiratory symptomsof patients can be improved after instruction by practice assistants. METHODS: Single blind, randomized intervention study in which 48 patientswho had been using a dry powder inhaler for at least one monthtook part. Their inhaler technique was videotaped on two visitswith a two-week interval between visits. The inhaler techniqueon the videos was subsequently scored by two experts on ninecriteria. At both visits the patients completed a questionnaireabout their respiratory symptoms. After the first video, 25patients were randomly chosen to receive instruction from oneof six practice assistants who had followed a one evening courseabout inhaler instruction, and who had been issued an instruction-set. RESULTS: The patients who received instruction had a significantly greaterreduction in number of mistakes at the second visit than thepatients who did not (P = 0.01). The instructed patients alsoreported less dyspnoea at the second visit (P = 0.03). No effectof instruction was found on wheezing, cough and sputum production. CONCLUSION: The inhaler technique of patients can be improved significantlyby the instruction of patients by trained practice assistants,possibly resulting in less dyspnoea. Keywords. Administration-inhalation, obstructive lung diseases, airways symptoms, patient-education, general practice. 相似文献
5.
A patient with severe nocturnal asthma of multifactorial pathogenesis with high-risk features leading to several episodes of nocturnal respiratory arrests is described. Despite aggressive conventional therapy with broncho-dilators and glucocorticoid agents, the patient had progressive worsening within the year prior to admission. After a nonconventional approach consisting of: high-dose inhaled steroids, afternoon dose of prednisone, addition of troleandomycin therapy, high-dose inhaled ipratropium at bedtime, maximizing serum theophylline concentrations in the early morning, and nasal CPAP through the night; the patient's pulmonary functions were optimized with minimal or no reduction in morning FEV1, and decreased airways hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. 相似文献
6.
Kinnison ML; Perler BA; Kaufman SL; Mitchell SE; Kadir S; Williams GM; White RI Jr 《Radiology》1986,160(3):727-730
In situ saphenous vein grafts are being used with increasing frequency for bypass procedures involving the femoral and popliteal arteries. Complications of these procedures include anastomotic stenoses and persistent arteriovenous fistulae that may result in failure of the graft. Balloon angioplasty and embolotherapy with detachable balloons were employed successfully in three or four recent cases of patients with complications from in situ grafts. Tailored angiography is essential for evaluating in situ grafts, and interventional techniques are extremely useful for managing complications. 相似文献
7.
Digital radiography of subtle pulmonary abnormalities: an ROC study of the effect of pixel size on observer performance 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Forty conventional radiographs with examples of mild interstitial infiltrates and subtle pneumothoraces and 40 normal studies of the chest were selected and digitized, with pixel sizes of 1.0, 0.5, 0.2, and 0.1 mm. Observer performance tests were carried out using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Conventional radiographs and digitized images were compared. The results indicate that, in such cases, diagnostic accuracy increases significantly as the pixel size is reduced, at least to the 0.1-mm level. We conclude that, for digital systems using screen-film or similar image receptors, use of a pixel size substantially larger than 0.1 mm may result in some loss of diagnostic accuracy. 相似文献
8.
Marcella R Price Donna L Bratton Mary D Klinnert 《Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology》2002,89(6):572-577
BACKGROUND: Quality of life has increased in popularity as an outcome measure in health research. However, the measurement of quality of life has been questioned on methodologic grounds, as it often shows little association with objective measures of disease status. OBJECTIVE: For this report we studied the determinants of pediatric asthma caregiver report of quality of life and its relationship to disease burden. METHOD: Ninety-eight children who were admitted to a Pediatric Day Program for an asthma evaluation were enrolled in an outcome study. A complete set of medical records for the 2-year period before and after the admission was collected and systematically coded for health care utilization. Using the Pediatric Asthma Caregiver's Quality of Life Questionnaire, data were collected at baseline, discharge, and year after the admission. Caregiver negative affect (anxiety and depression), measured with the Brief Symptom Inventory, was also collected at baseline and discharge. RESULTS: Caregiver report of quality of life was unrelated to health care utilization at baseline but instead was significantly related to baseline caregiver negative affect. A significant relationship between health care utilization and quality of life was present at followup. The Emotional Function scale from the quality of life measure can account for most of the relationship between quality of life and negative affect. CONCLUSIONS: Caregiver affect may have a considerable influence on report of quality of life. Understanding the individual characteristics of the respondent is important when using a quality of life instrument as an outcome measure. 相似文献
9.
10.
BACKGROUND: Growing interest is nowadays focused on the quality of life of
elderly people who survive with chronic diseases. Coronary heart disease
(CHD) is one of the most common diseases among the elderly and may have an
unfavourable impact on the patient's emotional well-being. OBJECTIVES: We
aimed to describe the prevalence of depression and the occurrence of
depressive symptoms among elderly CHD patients, with a special emphasis on
the relations between depression and the severity of CHD, and to find out
the possible association between CHD and depression. METHODS: The study was
carried out at the health centre of the municipality of Lieto, in
south-west Finland. The study population consisted of 488
community-dwelling men and 708 women, over 64 years old, from among whom
the participants with CHD (89 men and 73 women) were selected, and for whom
178 male and 146 female sex- and age- matched controls (free of CHD) were
drawn from the population. CHD patients were selected on the basis of the
presence of angina pectoris or a past myocardial infarction. Depressive
symptoms were measured with the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale.
Depression was described in relation to the severity of dyspnoea and chest
pain among patients. The associations between depression and age, health,
health behaviour, drugs, functional ability and social, psychosocial and
environmental factors were analysed by logistic regression analyses.
RESULTS: The prevalence of depression was 29% among male patients and 20%
among female patients. Depression was significantly more common among male
CHD patients than among male controls (P = 0.011). Among women, depression
was not associated with CHD. Earlier, depression had gone undiagnosed among
many CHD patients and controls, especially male patients. Among male CHD
patients, depression was associated with more severe dyspnoea, but no
similar association was found among female CHD patients. Among men the
occurrence of CHD, physical disability, widowhood or divorce, and among
women previous clinical depression, physical disability and the use of
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, were associated with
depression. CONCLUSION: Depression is common among patients with CHD. It
seems that CHD is not an independent factor in the aetiology of depression
among the elderly. The association of CHD with depression among men is
explained by the acute or chronic psychic stress caused by CHD. It may be
that the more complicated the patient's CHD, the more probable is the
presence of depression.
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