中西医特点比较分析

症状和体征是西医治疗的主导因素。西医通过检查和剖析,以确定身体内部哪些器官组织的功能出现障碍,进而尝试从外部引入一些人工合成的化学物质来代偿机体的某些功能。中医却注重探求身体功能异常的原因,根据患者体质和具体病情选用不同的方药治疗,做到辨证论治,进而促进身体恢复到其自然状态。在医疗领域中,西医和中医的理论体系就都有各自独特的地位。有人认为,西医最大的优势在于其对外伤的护理和急性病症的治疗,而在慢性病的治疗和养生保健领域,中药就显示出其过人之处。传统医学和西方医学都有自己的优点,应该将这两种方法结合起来应用于疾病治疗。     

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy (progonoma) treated by radical maxillary surgery

Two cases of melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy (MNTI), otherwise known as melanotic progonoma, both arising from the maxilla are presented here. The two infants both presented within three months of each other and though clinically Burkitt's lymphoma was stated as a possible diagnosis, the correct diagnosis was made on biopsy specimens. Radical surgery consisting of wide resection of the tumour with margins of healthy tissue via hemi-maxillectomy was performed in each case as an initial method of treatment. At follow up four months later, both infants appeared clinically well. One infant was then lost to follow up thereafter but the other was reviewed three years later, and apart from slight facial asymmetry, there was no evidence of tumour recurrence.     

Household factors and gestational age predict diet quality of pregnant women

Adequate diet during pregnancy has positive effects on the mother and pregnancy outcome. Assessment of diet quality during pregnancy is particularly important in areas where household food security is suboptimal, to enable appropriate targeting and intervention. This study assessed diet quality and identified predicting factors among pregnant women in northern Ghana. A cross‐sectional study involving 403 pregnant women was conducted in May 2018. Pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics (ANC) were selected using simple random sampling technique. We assessed socio‐demographic characteristics, 24‐h recall and household food security. The minimum dietary diversity for women (MDD‐W) was used as a proxy measure for diet quality based on Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) guidelines. Logistic regression models were fitted to determine the predictors of diet quality. The mean dietary diversity score (DDS) of 10 food groups was 4.4 ± 1.1 (95% CI: 4.3–4.5). Logistic regression showed that women of high educational level (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.21–4.84]; P = 0.01), women of high household wealth index (AOR = 1.78; 95% CI [1.14–2.77]; P = 0.01], none/mild household hunger (AOR = 2.71; 95% CI [1.26–5.82]; P = 0.01), medium household size (6–15 members) (AOR = 1.66; 95% CI [1.04–2.66]; P = 0.03) and women of gestational age 20–35 weeks (AOR = 1.89; 95% CI [1.05–3.40]; P = 0.03) were more likely to have quality diets after adjusting for potential confounding variables. Diet quality among pregnant women was low and was predicted by educational level, household wealth, gestational age and food security. Women education and improvements in household food security could impact diets of pregnant women in northern Ghana.