轴向载荷分担比指导外固定器动力化的临床应用

目的:探讨轴向载荷分担比用于胫腓骨骨干骨折术后指导外固定器轴向动力化促进骨折愈合的有效性。方法:选取外固定器治疗的胫腓骨骨干骨折患者100例,随机分为观察组50例,对照组50例。观察组在轴向载荷分担比指导下行外固定器轴向动力化治疗,对照组未行动力化,随访比较两组的治疗效果。结果:所有患者均获随访,随访时间4～12个月,平均6.5个月,治疗期间所有患者均未出现外固定针断裂、松动及再骨折等并发症,观察组1例骨搬移患者轴向载荷分担比5%,X线片显示骨折断端有连续性骨痂通过,拆除外固定器连接杆后发生移位,恢复原数值行轴向加压再动力化,现已愈合。观察组除外1例骨搬移患者,其余49例患者外固定器固定时间为[(24.4±4.7)周],骨折临床愈合时间为[(22.4±4.7)周],与对照组50例患者外固定器固定时间[(29.3±5.6)周],骨折临床愈合时间[(27.3±5.6)周]比较,显著减少(P0.05)。结论:外固定器轴向载荷分担比指导胫腓骨骨干骨折外固定术后轴向动力化可以加速骨折愈合,但不适合骨搬移截骨端已硬化患者。     

益母草中阿魏酸对含益母草中成药质量标准影响的探讨

目的：建立HPLC/TQ-MS测定益母草中阿魏酸含量的方法并测定不同产地益母草中阿魏酸含量，评价益母草中阿魏酸对中成药调经止痛片及新生化颗粒的质量影响，为制定含有益母草并以阿魏酸为定量指标的中成药质量标准提供参考。方法：采用薄层色谱法及UPLC-Q/TOF定性鉴别及分析益母草中阿魏酸，采用HPLC/TQ-MS定量分析10批不同产地益母草中阿魏酸含量。基于定量分析结果及处方用量探讨益母草中阿魏酸含量对其中成药质量标准的影响。结果：薄层鉴别及UPLC-Q/TOF定性分析结果显示，10批不同产地益母草中均含有阿魏酸。HPLC/TQ-MS定量分析结果显示，益母草中阿魏酸含量在0.004 2%~0.006 5%之间。结论：益母草与当归、川芎等含有阿魏酸的药材配伍且其用量较大时，益母草中阿魏酸含量会对其质量评价产生一定的影响。     

腹膜转移瘤的影像学诊断

目的探讨腹膜转移瘤的影像学表现特点。方法回顾性分析经手术及穿刺活检证实的35例腹膜转移瘤的影像学表现,并与手术结果对照,35例做CT平扫及增强扫描,5例行MR I检查。结果(1)腹膜转移瘤常表现为大量腹水(22/35);(2)腹膜结节状增厚(23/35);(3)大网膜饼形增厚(16/35)和大网膜污垢样改变(12/35);(4)肠系膜污垢样改变(12/35)及结节状改变(9/35);(5)腹腔单发或多发囊性改变,有占位效应(4/35)。结论CT/MR I是发现腹膜转移灶的重要影像学方法。     

Immunogenicity study of low-dose administration of hepatitis B virus vaccine in newborn infants: A cost reduction trial

Different doses of hepatitis B virus vaccine—prepared by Korea Green Cross Corporation, were given to healthy infants born to HBsAg-negative mothers at birth, 1 and 6 months of age. A dose of 2 μg was administered intradermally in Group A and, in the three other groups, the vaccine was given intramuscularly (i.m.). An adequate follow-up observation was possible for 9 months after birth in 22, 25, 23 and 21 infants in Groups A, B, C and D, respecvely.
Group C (5 μg, i.m.) produced seroconversion most rapidly, showing the highest rate (96%) at 9 months of age. The lowest seroconversion rate (5%) was found at the age of 1 month in Group A subjects, but the rate increased to 91% after a booster dose was given at 6 months of age.
While it can be concluded that a 5 μg i.m. dose of vaccine at 0, 1 and 6 months of age is optimum for the immunization of infants in efficacy and economy, a 2 μg intradermal dose can also be considered as an immunogenic and economical regimen, though the immune response is slower and a special technique is required for immunization.     

超声心动图对62例房间隔缺损封堵术后心功能变化的评价

目的：应用超声心动图评价房间隔缺损(ASD)封堵术前后左、右心室功能的变化。方法：对62例成功施行经皮穿刺ASD封堵术的患者进行研究。所有患者在术前、术后1周及1个月分别进行超声心动图检查．观察心脏大小及功能的改变。结果：ASD封堵术后，左室舒张末期前后径、左室舒张末期容积、左室每搏量及左室射血分数增大，而左室收缩末期容积未见明显改变；右室舒张末期前后径、右室舒张末期容积、右室收缩末期容积、右室每搏量、右室射血分数及右室心肌工作指数均减小。结论：经皮穿刺ASD封堵治疗既可减轻右室容量负荷，改善右室功能，也可改善左室的收缩功能：超声心动图对ASD封堵前后心脏血流动力学评价及疗效的观察起了重要的作用。     

羟甲基烟酰胺分散片的研制

目的：研制羟甲基烟酰胺分散片。方法：以崩解时间为指标。比较几种崩解剂的作用，以正交试验设计确立最佳处方，并与普通片进行体外溶出度比较。结果：崩解剂以低取代羟丙纤维素(L-HPC)效果最优，最佳处方崩解时间为78．9S，溶出速度远大于普通片。结论：所研制的羟甲基烟酰胺分散片溶出迅速。     

肝癌患者血清P-选择素测定及临床意义

目的：研究肝癌患血清P-selection(P-sel)在肝癌复发和转移中的作用。方法：采用ELISA法分别测定原发性肝癌患和对照组血清P-选择素的含量，同时测定AFP含量。结果：肝癌患P-sel含量显高于正常人，且与AFP含量呈线性正相关，术后2周浓度降低；P-sel含量以Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ期肝癌患显高于Ⅰ期患；且大肝癌患显高于小肝癌患，有癌栓组、有肝内转移组明显高于无癌栓组和无转移组。结论：P-选择素测定在原发性肝癌的诊断和检测术后复发方面有重要价值，联合检测AFP和sP-sel可提高诊断敏感性。     

经皮TriGen髓内钉与股骨近端髓内钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的疗效比较

目的 比较经皮TriGen髓内钉（美国Smith Nephew公司）与股骨近端髓内钉（PFN）（瑞士AO／SYNTHES公司）治疗股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效，探讨治疗老年股骨转子间骨折更为合理的方法。方法 分析本院2001年10月-2005年1月收治的股骨转子间骨折患者56例，年龄〉60岁。随机分为两组：A组21例，采用经皮TriGen髓内钉固定；B组35例，采用PFN固定。对两组手术切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术中输血、术后引流量、骨折愈合时间、术后至出院时间、髋关节功能优良率进行分析比较。结果 两组间手术切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、输血量、术后引流量、手术至出院时间比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。术后部分负重时间、骨折愈合时间、髋关节功能评价等差异均无统计学意义。结论 与PFN固定相比，经皮TriGen髓内钉具有手术时间短、出血量少、手术组织损伤小等优点，降低了手术风险，用于治疗老年股骨转子间骨折具有一定优势。     

Urinary 17α-hydroxyprogesterone in management of 21 -hydroxylase deficiency

Objectives: The study was designed to assess the reliability of measurement of 24-hour urinary 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) by radio-immunoassay (RIA) as an alternative biochemical assessment for monitoring the treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21 -hydroxylase deficiency (21 -OHD) and to assess the need for sample purification by column chromatography to improve assay specificity.
Methodology: Morning serum 17-OHP was measured using RIA and 24-hour urinary pregnanetriol using gas chromatography. Twenty-four-hour urinary 17-OHP was measured in samples from 17 prepubertal patients with CAH due to 21 -OHD, and 20 normal prepubertal children as controls. In 24 urine samples, RIA of 17-OHP was performed with and without column chromatography.
Results: There was a good correlation between 24-hour urinary 17-OHP and 24-hour urinary pregnanetriol (r = 0.962, P <0.01) and between 24-hour urinary 17-OHP and morning serum 17-OHP ( r = 0.955, P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the RIA of the urine samples with and without purification by column chromatography.
Conclusions: The measurement of 24-hour urinary 17-OHP is a reliable alternative for the biochemical monitoring of 21-OHD, and RIA specificity is unaffected by omission of column chromatography.     

DHS内固定治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折临床分析

股骨粗隆间骨折是多发于老年人的一种常见骨折类型。患者高龄 ,多有明显的骨质疏松 ,愈后常遗留有髋内翻 ,下肢外旋及短缩畸形。非手术治疗时间长 ,患者长期卧床 ,易出现各种并发症造成治疗和康复困难。作者参照ＡＯ组织推荐的方法自 1996年5月 - 2 0 0 0年 12月在我院采用切开复位和闭合复位ＤＨＳ内固定的方法治疗股骨粗隆间骨折患者 37例 ,取得良好的疗效。1　临床资料本组 37例 ,男 16例 ,女 2 1例 ;年龄 4 8～ 86岁 ,平均 69 4岁。右侧 18例 ,左侧 19例。根据股骨内侧骨皮质的状态 (Ｅｖａｎｓ分型 ) ,即能支撑近端的股骨距是否完整 ,…