巯基化合物对内毒素诱导大鼠枯否细胞NF—kB活性和肿瘤坏死因子释放的影响

目的 观察巯基化合物对内毒素诱导大鼠枯否细胞（KC）NF-kB活性和肿瘤坏死因子-a（TNF-a）释放的影响。方法采用胶原酶灌注和percoll密度梯度离心法分离得到高纯度大鼠KC，在过夜培养后冲洗两遍（不含血清），加入内毒素（LPS）10ng／ml刺激原代培养的KC，观察不同浓度谷胱甘肽乙基酯（GSHEE）及N-乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）对大鼠KCTNF-a释放和KC内谷胱甘肽（GSH）及NF-kB活性的影响。并观察使用谷胱甘肽合成抑制剂BSO后，对NAC抑制炎症因子的影响，采用凝胶滞留电泳法测NF-kB活性，采用高效液相色谱分析法测GSH水平。结果 LPS诱导KC中GSH水平无变化；GSHEE和NAC可提高KC中GSH水平（P〈0．05），降低NF-kB活性和TNF-a释放（P〈0．05）。NAC与BSO合用时KC中GSH水平无变化，TNF-a释放降低（P〈0．05）。结论 NAC通过抑制KC中NF-kB的激活和TNF-a的释放调节KC功能，但这种抑制作用并非通过增加GSH介导。     

健康教育对老年原发性高血压控制的观察

目的观察健康教育与提高血压控制率、降低并发症发生率的相关性。方法将360例老年高血压患者随机分为单纯药物治疗的对照组与药物治疗加健康教育的实验组，治疗结束后统计血压控制的有效率及并发症发生率的差异。结果实验组血压有效控制率（100％）、并发症发生率（2．78％），与对照组血压有效控制率（90％）及并发症发生率（33．89％）有显著的差异。结论健康教育可以有效的提高血压控制率，减少并发症发生率，是提高血压控制率、减少并发症的有效方法。     

基于抗氧化和抗炎生物效应的生脉注射液质量评价

目的 建立以抗氧化和抗炎效应为指标的生脉注射液质量评价方法。方法 以水溶性维生素E(Trolox)和N-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯(L-NAME)作为对照药,采用三硝基苯肼(DPPH)法和一氧化氮(NO)检测试剂盒对其抗氧化效应和对脂多糖(LPS)诱导单核巨噬细胞RAW264.7释放NO的抑制能力进行测定,将样品换算为相应浓度的对照药,对其方法学和生物效应进行控制和评价。结果 各批次样品均具有较好的抗炎和抗氧化效应,精密度高,重复性好;各批次样品在抗氧化能力方面不存在较大差异,在抗炎能力方面样品2和样品8与其他样品存在较大差异。结论 建立的方法可以准确评价生脉注射液的抗氧化和抗炎效应。     

利用动态肺顺应性设定呼气末正压在胸腔镜肺叶切除术中的运用

目的 探讨单肺通气利用动态肺顺应性设定呼气末正压通气(positive end-expiratory pressure,PEEP)的优势及可行性. 方法 选择预行右侧肺叶切除患者80例,完全随机分为A组和B组,每组40例:A组,单肺通气实施肺膨胀(sustained inflation,SI)复张后加用20 cmH2O(1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa)的PEEP并递减滴定,随后以得到最大肺顺应性的PEEP值通气,直到恢复双肺通气;B组,通气PEEP值固定为5 cmH2O,其他通气方法同A组.记录患者血气、呼吸等参数. 结果 两组设定的PEEP值[A组(9.2±1.2) cmH2O,B组5 cmH2O]差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);在单肺通气1 h(T3)、手术结束(T4)时,两组动脉血氧分压(partial pressure of oxygen,PaO2)比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);B组的PaO2在T3～T4逐步降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而A组则维持较好(P＞0.05);T3、T4时刻A组的动态肺顺应性[(30.8±5.9)、(30.7±6.4) ml/cmH2O]与B组[(26.6±5.5)、(26.4±5.2) ml/cmH2O]比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 胸腔镜肺叶切除术中的单肺通气,利用动态肺顺应性设定的PEEP值通气能够得到更好的氧合及呼吸参数,并且维持较好.     

骨水泥型加长柄关节置换治疗高龄不稳定型股骨转子间骨折

目的 评价采用骨水泥型加长柄关节置换治疗高龄不稳定型股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2008年6月至2012年6月于赤峰市医院采用骨水泥型加长柄关节置换术治疗53例高龄不稳定型股骨转子间骨折患者的资料,男18例,女35例,年龄75～93岁,平均年龄为80.2岁.股骨转子间骨折按Evans-Jensen分型：ⅡB型36例,Ⅲ型17例.骨质疏松按Singh指数分级：Ⅲ级32例,Ⅱ级21例.损伤至手术时间2～11d,平均3.8d.全部患者均采用骨水泥型加长柄股骨假体.根据Harris评分评价髋关节功能.结果 47例患者获得随访,其中5例患者在此期间死于内科系统疾病,实际随访人数42例.随访时间12 ～ 60个月,平均33个月.其中2例发生下肢深静脉血栓,经过血管外科抗凝、溶栓治疗后痊愈;5例患者于术后发生呼吸系统感染,经抗感染、化痰、机械通气等治疗后痊愈;2例患者大转子向近端移位出现跛行步态;2例患者于术后再次受外伤致假体周围骨折,给予更换生物型加长柄假体,捆扎带固定后骨折愈合;4例患者小粗隆部骨折不愈合,但并不影响行走功能;其余27例患者均未发生并发症.无一例患者发生假体脱位、感染及下沉松动迹象.Harris评分从术前平均（30.21 ±5.23）分,提高到末次随访时平均（86.21 ±6.12）分;其中优14例,良21例,可5例,差2例,优良率83.3％ （35/42）.结论 采用骨水泥型加长柄关节置换术治疗高龄不稳定型股骨转子间骨折近期效果令人满意,是一种可靠的选择.     

冲击波对成肌细胞增殖分化的影响

目的:探讨体外冲击波对成肌细胞增殖分化的影响,为进一步开展冲击波在体内骨骼肌损伤中的作用研究奠定基础,为临床应用冲击波治疗提供理论依据。方法:将原代分离培养好的成肌细胞,利用冲击波进行刺激,将实验对象分为空白组、实验组(冲击波刺激)、阳性对照组(成肌诱导剂)。形态学检测肌管形成情况;MTT法检测成肌细胞增殖;流式细胞仪检测成肌细胞凋亡;Western Blot检测肌调节标志物Pax7、MyoD、Myf5、Myf6和Myogenin蛋白;免疫荧光检测Desmin、Pax7、MyoD的表达。结果:(1)结果显示成肌细胞的活力对冲击波刺激呈现剂量依赖性,能流密度高于0.16 mJ/mm~2时细胞的存活率降低,凋亡率高于空白组(P0.05),能流密度为0.08 mJ/mm~2时,冲击次数为500时细胞最高活力。(2)免疫荧光结果显示冲击波可促进MyoD蛋白表达升高,降低Pax7的表达。(3)Western Blot结果显示冲击波可促进MyoD、Myf5、Myogenin、Myf6蛋白表达水平显著增高(P0.05),Pax7蛋白表达随着时间的延长呈递减趋势(P0.05)。MyoD蛋白在实验组和对照组随着时间延长蛋白表达水平都逐渐升高,且实验组的表达水平均高于对照组(P0.05)。(4)细胞形态学观察肌管融合结果显示,成肌细胞在冲击波刺激下呈现多核,实验组、对照组与空白组相比差异具有显著性意义(P0.05)。结论:本实验证实了体外冲击波对成肌细胞的生物学功能有影响,可提高成肌细胞的活力,促进其向肌分化。     

细胞因子与肿瘤标志物联合检测对孤立性肺结节良恶性鉴别诊断的价值

背景与目的 近年来,孤立性肺结节(solitary pulmonary nodule,SPN)受到越来越多的关注,部分肺结节被认为是早期肺癌,但如何鉴别肺结节良恶性却是亟待解决的临床难题.本研究旨在探讨细胞因子与肿瘤标志物联合检测对SPN良恶性的鉴别诊断价值,从而提高SPN诊断的准确性.方法 纳入81例诊断明确的SPN...     

干细胞移植改善股骨头坏死缺血状态的实验及临床效应：20只模型兔及188例患者资料分析

BACKGROUND: Ischemic femoral head necrosis is caused by local vascular injury and blood-supply insufficiency. There exists no optimal treatment for the ischemic femoral head necrosis. Thus, the improvement of the blood supply to the femoral head seems to be a key point for the treatment. OBJECTIVE: To verify the curative effects of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation induced vascular regeneration on the improvement of ischemic femoral head necrosis via animal experiments and clinical observations. DESIGN: Contrast animal experiment and self-controlled clinical observation. SETTING: Cell Therapy Center, the 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA. MATERIALS AND PARTICIPANTS: ① Animals: Twenty Japanese white rabbits in either gender and weighing 3.0-4.0 kg were purchased from Animal Experimental Center, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA. The animal experiments were coincident with the ethical standards. ② Participants: 188 patients with ischemic femoral head necrosis (335 hips) having whole following-up data were selected from Cell Therapy Center, the 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA from July 2004 to July 2007. There were 113 males and 75 females, and their ages ranged from 18 to 72 years. Diagnosis was done by using X-ray photographs, nuclide scanning, MRI and CT examinations. All patients provided the informed consent, and the study was approved by the local research ethics committee. METHODS: ① Animal experiments: The experiment was carried out at the Animal Experiment Center, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from January to June 2004. Ischemic femoral head necrosis models were established at both hindlimbs by using liquid-nitrogen refrigeration. The right side was regarded as transplantation group and the left one as control group. Mononuclear cells extracted from bone marrow were poured in the right femoral artery, while saline was poured in the left femoral artery. ②Clinical observations: Mononuclear cells were separated from autologous bone marrow of patients with ischemic femoral head necrosis after density gradient centrifugation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Four weeks later, angiogenesis at both femoral arteries was observed by arteriography by using digital subtraction anglography (DSA). Moreover, bilateral femoral head samples underwent pathological sections to observe bone regeneration and repair of femoral head 4 and 12 weeks later. ②Items including hip pain, walking distance and gait, abduction and internal rotation function changes of hip joint were observed in 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after stem cell transplantation in media femoral circum flex artery, lateral femoral circum flex artery and obturator artery. In 6 months after stem cell transplantation, angiogenesis and blood supply of femoral head were observed by using arteriography. In 6, 12 and 24 months after stem cell transplantation, morphological and ischemic changes of femoral head were observed by using CT, X-ray and MRI examinations. Harris scores were used to evaluate function of hip joint before and in 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after stem cell transplantation. RESULTS: Animal experiment: Twenty rabbits were involved in the final analysis. ① DSA-arteriography results: In 4 weeks after transplantation, blood-supply arteries in femoral head of right hindlimb in the transplantation group were more than those in the control group. ② Pathological results: In 12 weeks after transplantation, cartilage, lamellar bone and bone trabecula in the left femoral head were repaired remarkably, but left femoral head necrosis was not improved. Clinical observations: 188 patients were involved in the final analysis. ① Improvement of symptoms: Among 188 patients, 164 (87.3%) had remission of hip pain, 147 (78.4%) had function improvement, and 150 (80.0%) had elongation of walking distance. ② Imaging changes: At 6 months after transplantation, DSA-arteriography in 12 patients demonstrated that blood-supply arteries in femoral head were increased and thickened remarkably as compared with those before transplantation, and the blood flow was rapid. At 12-24 months after transplantation, lesion of bone matrix in 24 patients was improved under the X-ray, CT and MRI examinations. ③ Harris scores of hip joint: The scores at 6, 12 and 24 months after transplantation were significantly higher than those before transplantation (t= -3.423, -6.714, -9.039, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can effectively improve and treat ischemic femoral head necrosis.