CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE KNEE AS A CONSEQUENCE OF PERSISTENT AMNIOTIC FLUID LEAKAGE

SUMMARY A case congenital dislocation of both knees and dislocation of the left hip in an infant whose mother had a chronic amniotic fluid leakage after mid-trimester amniocentesis.     

高效液相色谱法测定右旋儿茶素血浆浓度及药代动力学参数

本文建立了体液中右旋儿茶素的RP-HPLC测定方法。采用C_(18)键合相硅胶为填料的固相提取柱进行样品预处理,右旋儿茶素的提取回收率为79.8%.应用二极管阵列检测器对色谱峰纯度进行鉴定。该法精密度好,方法回收率近100%,日内、日间的变异系数为2.4～5.6%,血浓69.6～1160 ng/ml范围内呈线性关系,r=0.9993。家兔静注右旋儿茶素18mg/kg,其药代动力学过程符合二室模型,分布相半衰期为0.129 h,消除相半衰期为1.19h。     

Multiple occult vascular malformations of the brain and spinal cord: MRI diagnosis

Summary We report a patient with multiple angiographically occult vascular malformations in the brain and spine. Magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple lesions in brain and spine with hypointense areas on both T1 and T2-weighted images. These hypointense areas are usually secondary to hemosiderin deposits consistent with remote bleeding in the lesions. We conclude that when magnetic resonance reveals an intraspinal lesion with signal intensity characteristics consistent with a vascular malformation, an examination of the brain should be performed to rule out associated intracranial lesions. The finding of multiple lesions in the brain with identical signal intensity characteristics reinforces the diagnosis of vascular malformation.     

Lesion-induced synapse reorganization in the hippocampus of cats: sprouting of entorhinal, commissural/associational, and mossy fiber projections after unilateral entorhinal cortex lesions, with comments on the normal organization of these pathways.

This study evaluates whether three forms of sprouting occur in the hippocampus of the cat following unilateral entorhinal cortex (EC) lesions: (1) sprouting of projections from the EC contralateral to the lesion; (2) sprouting of the commissural/associational system; and (3) sprouting of mossy fibers. Tract tracing techniques were used to define the normal organization of the entorhinal cortical projection system, the commissural/associational (C/A) systems, and the mossy fiber projections in normal cats. The same techniques were then used to evaluate whether there were changes in these projections in animals with long-standing unilateral EC lesions. The projections from the entorhinal cortex were evaluated autoradiographically following injections of 3H proline into the entorhinal area. The projections of the C/A system were traced using the Fink-Heimer technique after lesions of the hippocampal commissures, and by using autoradiographic techniques after injections of 3H proline into the hippocampus. The distribution of mossy fibers was evaluated using the Timm's stain. The results reveal that unilateral lesions of the EC in cats lead to the same sorts of sprouting that have been described in rats. There is: (1) an increase in the density of the crossed projection from the surviving EC to the contralateral dentate gyrus that had been deprived of its normal EC inputs; (2) an expansion of the terminal field of the C/A projection system into portions of the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus normally occupied by EC projections; and (3) an increase in supragranular mossy fibers in some animals. The mossy fiber sprouting was especially prominent when the lesions encroached upon the hippocampus. The studies also reveal additional details about the normal organization of hippocampal pathways in cats. The most important points are: (1) there is a crossed projection from the entorhinal cortex to the contralateral dentate gyrus; and (2) there is a complex laminar organization of the commissural and associational terminal fields in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus that appears to be related to the point of origin of the projections along the septotemporal axis of the hippocampus. This heretofore unrecognized aspect of the laminar organization of C/A terminations has important implications for the temporal competition hypothesis, which has been advanced to account for the development of these afferent systems.     

石杉碱甲类似物的研究II.N-甲基吡啶酮石杉碱甲类似物的合成

石杉碱甲(1)是从中草药石杉属植物千层塔(Lycopodium serratum Thunb.)中分得的一种高效可逆的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂,临床试验证实它对早老性痴呆症有显著疗效。本文报道N-甲基吡啶酮石杉碱甲类似物2和3的合成。2-甲氧基-5-甲氧羰基-11-亚甲基-5,9-甲撑环辛-7-烯并吡啶(9)在乙腈中用三甲基氯硅烷和碘化钠选择性脱保护以定量的产率得吡啶酮10,再用甲醇钠和碘甲烷甲基化得N-甲基吡啶酮11,11经碱性水解,Curtius重排和氨基的脱保护得N-甲基吡啶酮石杉碱甲类似物2。通过类似的途径从中间体2-甲氧基-5-甲氧羰基-7-甲基-11-酮-5,9-甲撑环辛-7-烯并吡啶(14)合成了类似物3。类似物2和3的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性均低于天然石杉碱甲。