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Hossien Fallahzadeh Motahareh Golestan Taybeh Rezvanian Zahra Ghasemian 《World journal of pediatrics : WJP》2009,5(1):36-41
Background The relationship between breast-feeding history and risk of overweight in pre-adolescent children was investigated.
Methods Children’s breast-feeding history and demographics were obtained in interviewer-administered questionnaires of a multistage
cluster sample survey of 800 parents of children aged 11–13 years living in Yazd, Iran. Height and weight were measured in
the children. Overweight was defined as body mass index ≥90th age- and sex-specific percentile of the 2000 Centers for Disease
Control reference values.
Results One hundred and four (13.0%) of 800 children were overweight. A total of 783 (97.9%) of the children had been breast fed.
There was a markedly lower overweight prevalence among breast-fed than non breast-fed children. Controlling for age and sex,
children breast fed for at least 24 months were substantially less likely to be overweight than children breast fed for less
than 12 months (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.31–0.9). A longer overall duration and duration of exclusive breast-feeding were associated
significantly with the decreasing prevalence of overweight.
Conclusion This sample of Iranian children shows high rates of overweight at young ages but also high rates of breast-feeding. The duration
of breast-feeding is inversely related with the prevalence of overweight in pre-adolescent children. 相似文献
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Karimzadegan-Nia M Mir-Amin-Mohammadi A Bouzari N Firooz A 《The Australasian journal of dermatology》2007,48(1):18-21
A sensitive and efficient diagnostic strategy is needed to confirm the clinical suspicion of onychomycosis. The purpose of this study was to compare the sensitivity of three most commonly used diagnostic methods for onychomycosis. Nail specimens of 96 patients with clinically suspected onychomycosis were evaluated using potassium hydroxide smear, culture and histology. A positive result of any of these tests was considered confirmatory for fungal infection and the sensitivity of each test as well as various combinations of them was calculated. The diagnosis of onychomycosis was confirmed in 47 patients (48.9%). Histology was the most sensitive single test for the diagnosis of onychomycosis, although its sensitivity (80.8%) was not statistically different from smear (76.5%). Both histology and smear were significantly more sensitive than culture (53.2%). The most sensitive combination of tests, smear plus histology, was 97.8% sensitive with 98% negative predictive value. In conclusion, direct smear combined with histological examination is the most sensitive diagnostic approach for onychomycosis. 相似文献
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Motahareh Mahi-Birjand Sajad Yaghoubi Meghdad Abdollahpour-Alitappeh Zahra Keshtkaran Nader Bagheri Aliyar Pirouzi 《Expert opinion on drug safety》2020,19(2):167-186
ABSTRACTIntroduction: Aminoglycosides have been long used for antibacterial treatment and are still commonly used in clinical practice. Despite their extensive application and positive effects, drug-related toxicity is considered as the main obstacle for aminoglycosides. Aminoglycosides induce nephrotoxicity through the endocytosis and accumulation of the antibiotics in the epithelial cells of proximal tubule. Most importantly, however, a number of pharmacological agents were demonstrated to have protective activities against nephrotoxicity in experimental animals.Areas covered: In the present systematic review, the authors provide and discuss the mechanisms and epidemiological features of aminoglycoside-induced nephrotoxicity, and focus mainly on recent discoveries and key features of pharmacological interventions. In total, 39 articles were included in this review.Expert opinion: The majority of studies investigated gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in animal models. Antioxidants, chemicals, synthetic drugs, hormones, vitamins, and minerals showed potential values to prevent gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Indicators used to evaluate the effectiveness of nephroprotection included antioxidative indexes, inflammatory responses, and apoptotic markers. Among the nephroprotective agents studied, herbs and natural antioxidant agents showed excellent potential to provide a protective strategy against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. 相似文献
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Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar Elham Emami Motahareh Ahmadi Owis Eilayyan Samer Abi-Nader Faleh Tamimi 《The Journal of prosthetic dentistry》2017,117(3):345-353.e8
Statement of problem
No knowledge synthesis exists concerning when to use a direct restoration versus a complete-coverage indirect restoration in posterior vital teeth.Purpose
The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the failure rate of conventional single-unit tooth-supported restorations in posterior permanent vital teeth as a function of remaining tooth structure.Material and methods
Four databases were searched electronically, and 8 selected journals were searched manually up to February 2015. Clinical studies of tooth-supported single-unit restorative treatments with a mean follow-up period of at least 3 years were selected. The outcome measured was the restorations’ clinical or radiological failure. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, the Cochrane Collaboration procedures for randomized control trials, the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology criteria for observational studies, 2 reviewers independently applied eligibility criteria, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the evidence of the included studies using the American Association of Critical Care Nurses’ system. The weighted-mean group 5-year failure rates of the restorations were reported according to the type of treatment and remaining tooth structure. A metaregression model was used to assess the correlation between the number of remaining tooth walls and the weighted-mean 5-year failure rates.Results
Five randomized controlled trials and 9 observational studies were included and their quality ranged from low to moderate. These studies included a total of 358 crowns, 4804 composite resins, and 303 582 amalgams. Data obtained from the randomized controlled trials showed that, regardless of the amount of remaining tooth structure, amalgams presented better outcomes than composite resins. Furthermore, in teeth with fewer than 2 remaining walls, high-quality observational studies demonstrated that crowns were better than amalgams. A clear inverse correlation was found between the amount of remaining tooth structure and restoration failure.Conclusions
Insufficient high-quality data are available to support one restorative treatment or material over another for the restoration of vital posterior teeth. However, the current evidence suggests that the failure rates of treatments may depend on the amount of remaining tooth structure and types of treatment. 相似文献6.
Motazedian M Fakhar M Motazedian MH Hatam G Mikaeili F 《Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease》2008,60(2):151-154
In the Mediterranean basin and Middle East, including Iran, visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar, is caused by Leishmania donovani infantum. For the first time, the use of urine samples for the diagnosis of VL in immunocompetent patients has been used in this study. Based on its high sensitivity and specificity, as well as simplicity, this approach can serve as a valuable tool in the diagnosis of VL. We studied 60 urine samples from 60 individuals, 30 of which were patients with VL confirmed by parasitology, serology, or molecular methods, 5 were from healthy individuals, and 25 were from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis, malaria, brucellosis, and hydatid cyst. Out of 30 samples from confirmed VL immunocompetent patients, 29 were positive (sensitivity, 96.8%) by polymerase chain reaction (RV1 and RV2 primers), and all the remaining 30 samples either from healthy individuals or patients with other diseases were negative (specificity, 100%). High sensitivity, specificity, and simplicity of the test can serve as a valuable tool in the diagnosis of VL. 相似文献
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Motahareh Amjadi Zahra Hayatmehr Balázs Egyed Mahmood Tavallaei Anna Szécsényi-Nagy 《Annals of human genetics》2024,88(3):259-277
Iran is located along the Central Asian corridor, a natural artery that has served as a cross-continental route since the first anatomically modern human populations migrated out of Africa. We compiled and reanalyzed the HVS-I (hypervariable segment-I) of 3840 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences from 19 Iranian populations and from 26 groups from adjacent countries to give a comprehensive review of the maternal genetic variation and investigate the impact of historical events and cultural factors on the maternal genetic structure of modern Iranians. We conclude that Iranians have a high level of genetic diversity. Thirty-six haplogroups were observed in Iran's populations, and most of them belong to widespread West-Eurasian haplogroups, such as H, HV, J, N, T, and U. In contrast, the predominant haplogroups observed in most of the adjacent countries studied here are H, M, D, R, U, and C haplogroups. Using principal component analysis, clustering, and genetic distance-based calculations, we estimated moderate genetic relationships between Iranian and other Eurasian groups. Further, analyses of molecular variance and comparing geographic and genetic structures indicate that mtDNA HVS-I sequence diversity does not exhibit any sharp geographic structure in the country. Barring a few from some culturally distinct and naturally separated minorities, most Iranian populations have a homogenous maternal genetic structure. 相似文献
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Motahareh BahadoriSaeed ZareiAmir Hassan Zarnani Omid ZareiFarah IdaliReza HadaviMahmood Jeddi-Tehrani 《Iranian journal of immunology : IJI》2014,11(2):97-104
Background: Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and polymorphisms of their genes have been described to be involved in the pathogenesis of recurrent miscarriage (RM). Objective: To investigate the association between RM and five polymorphisms of cytokine genes, interleukin 10 (IL-10), (-592 A/C, -819 C/T, -1082 A/G), IL-6 (-174 C/G) and IL-17 (-197 G/A) in Iranian women. Method: Polymerase chain reaction -restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed to determine the frequencies of the IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 gene polymorphisms in 85 women with RM compared with 104 healthy controls. Results: The frequencies of IL- 10 promoter gene polymorphisms (-592 A/C and -819 C/T) were significantly higher in RM women than those in controls (p=0.003). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the frequencies of IL-6 (-174 C/G), IL-10 (-1082 A/G) and IL-17 (-197 G/A) polymorphisms between RM women and controls. Conclusion: These results suggest that IL-10 gene polymorphism screening might have some relevance in patients with RM, a suggestion which requires further studies. 相似文献
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Mahla Daliri Motahareh Ebrahimnejad Samane Najafi Behzad Aminzadeh Maryam Emadzadeh Ehsan Moradi Ali Moradi 《Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery》2022,14(4):603
BackgroundThe interest in ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment of the patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is growing. This paper aimed to find the correlation of postoperative changes in these modalities’ parameters with clinical outcomes.MethodsBoston CTS questionnaire-symptom severity (BQ-SS), Boston CTS questionnaire-functional status (BQ-FS), and visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaires (for pain, paresthesia, and grip weakness assessment) were used to evaluate clinical outcomes. Various imaging parameters of the median nerve and carpal tunnel were evaluated using US and MRI at two levels of the hook of the hamate (distal) and the pisiform (proximal) once preoperatively and then 3 months postoperatively. Corresponding US and MRI parameter measures were compared, and correlational analysis was performed between alteration of imaging findings and changes in clinical parameters postoperatively.ResultsPatients’ functional status (BQ-FS score) was positively correlated with the nerve width both in US and MRI at the proximal level (r = 0.457 and r = 0.453, respectively) and also with the MRI nerve circumference at the distal level (r = –0.482). Correlation between paresthesia and the nerve width was notable in MRI at the distal hook of the hamate level (r = –0.403). Grip weakness VAS score was correlated with the nerve width-to-height ratio (WHR) in US at the distal level (r = 0.432).ConclusionsChanges in US and MRI parameters of the median nerve width, circumference, and WHR were associated with clinical changes in patients with CTS after surgery. 相似文献
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