荧光原位杂交法快速鉴定血培养阳性葡萄球菌的临床应用

目的快速鉴定血培养中的金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CoNS),结合临床快速判定是否为污染菌。方法采用荧光原位杂交法鉴定血培养中的金黄色葡萄球菌和CoNS,杂交结果若为CoNS,根据临床资料进行判断,并与文献推荐的污染判断法进行结果比较。结果探针的特异性经由标准菌株和临床分离菌株证实。金黄色葡萄球菌探针的特异性和敏感性均为100%,GoNS探针的特异性和敏感性分别为100%和95.5%。179株CoNS中117株判断为污染菌,污染率为68%,与文献推荐的污染判断方法一致。结论荧光原位杂交法适用于血培养中的金黄色葡萄球菌和CoNS的快速鉴定,以排除CoNS污染。     

Use of the Cytobrush for concurrent cytology and chlamydia sampling: a comparison of immunofluorescence and culture for detection of chlamydia

Five hundred and thirty-three women attending a genitourinary medicine clinic underwent concurrent cytology and Chlamydia trachomatis screening using a Cytobrush (Medscand AB). In each case, the same Cytobrush was used to give a sample for direct immunofluorescence and culture. 11.1% of samples were positive by immunofluorescence, while 10.6% were positive by culture. This was a close agreement (Kappa = 0.875). The ability of the same instrument to be used for both cytology and chlamydial screening, where direct immunofluorescence is used for detection of chlamydiae, may allow more widespread screening for chlamydia to be practical.     

Palatogram Assessment of Maxillary Complete Dentures

Phonetics, esthetics, function, and comfort form the foundation of a successful dental prosthesis. A review of the mechanics of speech as well as common speech problems encountered with a removable maxillary prosthesis are presented. The use of a palatogram to aid the clinician in the assessment and resolution of speech problems associated with a maxillary denture is demonstrated.     

偏头痛大鼠脑内5-羟色胺1F和诱导型一氧化氮合酶基因的表达变化及针刺的干预效应

目的:前期实验已证实针刺治疗偏头痛疗效优越。观察针刺对偏头痛大鼠脑内5-羟色胺1F和诱导型一氧化氮合酶mRNA表达的调控作用。方法:实验于2005-11/2006-05在中南大学湘雅医院中西医结合研究所实验室完成。①选用SD大鼠40只,按随机数字表法分为4组(n=10),除正常对照组外,其余3组均复制大鼠偏头痛模型。模型对照组只造模,不作其他处理;针刺治疗组造模后进行针刺;针刺预防组针刺后造模电刺激20min。针刺方法:针刺大鼠双侧太冲、阳陵泉穴20min。采用疏密波,电流强度0.3～0.6mA,留针20min,1次/d,共5次。②实验完毕后取脑干及三叉神经节匀浆,采用反转录-聚合酶链反应法测定5-羟色胺1F和诱导型一氧化氮合酶mRNA表达。结果:进入结果分析正常对照组10只,模型对照组、针刺治疗组、针刺预防组各9只,共脱失3只。①与正常对照组比较,模型对照组大鼠诱导型一氧化氮合酶mRNA表达显著增强(P<0.01),5-羟色胺1FmRNA表达显著减弱(P<0.01)。②与模型对照组比较,针刺预防组和针刺治疗组诱导型一氧化氮合酶mRNA表达明显减弱(P<0.01),5-羟色胺1FmRNA表达显著增强(P<0.01)。结论:针刺调控5-羟色胺1F和诱导型一氧化氮合酶mRNA的表达可能是针刺防治偏头痛的分子机制。     

Retrorenal colon: implications for percutaneous diskectomy

It has been recommended that computed tomography (CT) with the patient prone be performed in every patient undergoing percutaneous diskectomy; this would enable detection of a retrorenal location of the colon, which could interfere with the percutaneous procedure. In this evaluation of 346 prone CT studies, only one patient (0.29%) was found to have retrorenal or retropsoas bowel that would have been perforated at diskectomy. Because of this extremely low prevalence, the performance of prone CT in every patient undergoing percutaneous lumbar diskectomy is not believed to be necessary.     

Complications of use of carbon fibre in the temporomandibular joint: a case report.

The aetiology of recurrent temporomandibular joint dislocation is numerous. A case is described of frequent dislocation which was finally treated using a carbon fibre sling. However this was removed 3 years later due to the presence of a radiolucency in the head of the condyle. Radiographic and photographic appearances of this carbon fibre induced radiolucency are shown.     

Requirements for activation of CD8+Murine T cells

Cytolytic effector function fails to develop if proliferation of allospecific cytolytic T lymphocyte precursors is inhibited, but the requirements for generation of cytolytic activity have not been fully defined. In contrast, the cytolytic effector function of cytolytic T lymphocyte clones does not change during the cell cycle, and the level of cytolytic activity is independent of cellular proliferation. The requirement for proliferation by primary responding populations may reflect the need for clonal expansion of a few inherently cytolytic effector cells in order to reach a threshold number which can readily be detected in conventional cytolytic assays. Alternatively, proliferation may be required for cytolytic T lymphocyte precursors to differentiate into mature, functional cytolytic cells. Using CD8+T cells which express an antigen-specific transgenic α/β T cell receptor, we have studied the requirements for acquisition of cytolytic capacity. Stimulation of the T cell receptor alone appears to be sufficient to render naive, CD8+ transgenic T cells sensitive to the growth effects of interleukin-2 (IL-2), and in some circumstances to interleukin-4 (IL-4), but not to induce either lymphokine production or cytolytic activity. Costimulatory molecules expressed by allogenic stimulating cells appear to be required for lymphokine production, and CD8+ transgenic T cells initially appear to secrete only IL-2 and interferon-γ. Stimulation of the T cell receptor of naive, CD8+ transgenic T cells appears to induce cytolytic activity only if cell proliferation occurs, either in response to IL-2 produced by the stimulated cells themselves when costimulatory molecules are present, or to IL-2 or IL-4 from exogenous sources if costimulatory molecules are absent.