哺乳类内耳毛细胞的发育和再生研究的最新进展

哺乳类内耳的形态生成和毛细胞的产生是由局部的细胞问相互影响及特异的基因所调控。尤其是特别的“碱性螺旋-环-螺旋”(basic helix—loop-helix，bHLH)基因转录调控因子对于毛细胞的分化是至关重要的。例如果蝇atonal的鼠类同源基因Mathl已被证明是毛细胞分化的一个正向调控因子，而Hes1和Hes5则起着负向调控的作用。这些bHLH     

bFGF-Math1基因诱导UEC-4细胞产生毛细胞的实验研究

目的进一步探讨bFGF-Math1基因在前庭上皮细胞系(UEC-4)细胞中的表达及生物学作用.方法利用阳离子脂质体LipofectamineTM2000介导bFGF-Math1基因真核表达质粒(pCI-bFGF-Math1)转染UEC-4细胞,利用RT-PCR技术检测基因在细胞中的表达,并利用免疫组织化学方法观察细胞的分化及特异性抗体的表达.结果脂质体介导的基因可在细胞内获得良好的表达,转染后24h,相差显微镜下观察细胞形态发生变化,免疫组织化学显示转染后细胞可以表达毛细胞特异性蛋白Myosin7a.结论bFGF-Math1基因有良好的生物学特性,可以有效地诱导支持细胞向毛细胞样细胞转变.     

阳离子脂质体及其在耳聋基因治疗中的应用

阳离子脂质体是继病毒载体之后倍受关注的新一类基因转染载体，本文就阳离子脂质体的结构及其与DNA形成复合物的特性、基因传递方式和影响因素、以及在耳聋基因治疗等方面的最新研究进展作一综述。     

全军第八届耳鼻咽喉科专业学术会议纪要

全军第八届耳鼻咽喉科专业学术会议纪要１００８５３北京解放军总医院杨伟炎翟所强关键词耳鼻咽喉科学；会议中国图书资料分类号Ｒ７６全军第八届耳鼻咽喉科专业学术会议于１９９７年５月２６日至６月１日在湖南总后索溪峪宾馆召开。会议共收到论文４５３篇，其中３７篇是...     

低强度噪声暴露防护高强度噪声损伤的动物实验

1　材料和方法1 1　受试动物　雄性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠 ,体重 30 0ｇ ,精养 1周后应用。动物共分为 4组 ,对照组 12只 ,单独低强度噪声暴露组32只 ,低强度噪声加高强度噪声暴露组 36只 ,单独高强度噪声暴露组 10只。1 2　噪声暴露　动物置于铁丝笼内 ,给予倍频带噪声 ,中心频率为 4ｋＨｚ,声音经ＳｏｕｎｄＴｅｃｈＰＬ5 0 0功放放大 ,连接Ｃｅｌｅｃ ｔｉｏｎＲＴＴ 5 0ｘ麦克风放置笼顶。噪声由Ｂ＆Ｋ声级计 2 2 0 9和Ｂ＆Ｋ 2 6 0 6测量放大器较准和作频谱分析。低强度噪声分别为 5 5ｄＢ、6 5ｄＢ、75ｄＢ、85和 95ｄＢ (ＳＰＬ) 10ｈ ,间…     

阳离子脂质体介导BFGF/GFP基因对药物性耳蜗损害的防治作用

目的 探讨阳离子脂质体(天然碱性脂SA)携带碱性成纤维细胞生长因子/绿色荧光蛋白(bFGF/GFP)基因在豚鼠耳蜗中的表达,以及对庆大霉素所致耳蜗损害的防治作用。方法 将36只豚鼠分为3组,预防组右耳园窗注入SA-bFGF/GFP复合物后次日肌肉注射庆大霉素150mg.Kg~(-1).d~(-1)8天,治疗组先用庆大霉素8d后次日右耳给药,对照组单用庆大霉素8d。分别于实验前后及处死前行听觉脑干诱发电位(ABR)测试。荧光显微镜下观察耳蜗GFP的表达;用耳蜗琥珀酸脱氢酶染色铺片,扫描电镜观察毛细胞的缺失情况。结果 荧光显微镜下见双侧耳蜗均有GFP表达。预防和治疗组处死前的双耳ABR阈值与对照组比较差异有显著意义(P<0.01,P<0.05),耳蜗内外毛细胞缺失数与对照组比较差异有显著意义(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论 SA脂质体介导的bFGF/GFP基因单耳给药双侧耳蜗均有高效表达,并对庆大霉素所致的耳蜗损害有防治作用。     

耳鸣的心理学问题

目的：分析耳鸣的心理原因和结果，以期引起临床医生的重视和研究。方法：对225例以耳鸣为第一主诉的主观耳鸣患者，采用唔谈，耳鸣分类调查表，耳鸣问卷，Zuang抑郁量表等进行心理问题评定，结果：全部患者均存在明显的心理问题，心理因素引起的耳鸣占21.0%，耳鸣引起的心理反应占67.7%，分不清先后（混合性）占11.3%。结论：耳鸣与心理因素密切相关，耳鸣问卷和耳鸣习服疗法能较好地测量和治疗患者的心理问题。     

Basic fibroblast growth factor protects auditory neurons and hair cells from noise exposure and glutamate neurotoxicity

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OSAHS诊断:AG与PSG、头影测量比较研究

目的:比较AG监测与多导睡眠监测(PSG)和头颅侧位片头影测量结果,评价几种检查方法对于睡眠呼吸障碍疾病性质、严重程度及阻塞定位诊断的准确性。方法:利用美国杰西AG200系统对36名成年男性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者行上气道-食道压力监测,将AG结果与PSG结果和头颅侧位片头影测量结果进行对比分析。结果:AG和PSG测得的AHI、最低血氧、阻塞性暂停低通气次数/h无差异;测得的平均血氧、阻塞性暂停次数/h有差异。头颅侧位片头影测量和AG对于主要阻塞平面的判定结果间有差异;头颅侧位片显示的某平面气道最小前后径与AG测得的平均每小时该平面阻塞次数在腭后区呈线性相关,在舌后区无线性相关关系。结论:AG系统具备了便携PSG的功能,能对睡眠呼吸疾病作出准确的初步定性诊断,且能较准确地进行上气道阻塞定性定位。     

凝胶注模氧化锆陶瓷浆料颗粒级配研究

目的:配制凝胶注模法成型氧化锆陶瓷浆料,研究颗粒级配的混合氧化锆颗粒粉末配制凝胶注模氧化锆浆料后素坯的收缩和预烧结后的尺寸变化。方法:采用不同的颗粒粒径,制作氧化锆浆料,分为纳米组H1(26 nm);亚微米组H2(300 nm);混合组H3(1μm+300 nm+26 nm)。测试浆料的固含量与收缩率。结果:H1,H2,H3组的固含量分别为60.11 wt%,81.58 wt%,82.36 wt%;素坯的收缩率分别为0.87%,0.26%,0.29%,致密化收缩率分别为26.1%,23.1%,22.4%。结论:采用颗粒级配的混合组H3(1μm+300 nm+26 nm)的氧化锆浆料具有最高的固含量及最低收缩率。并获得最适合玻璃渗透的预烧结程序。