Spatial-temporal Analysis of Tuberculosis at the Community Level in the Baoshan District,Shanghai 2014–2019

<正>Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the primary bacteria that leads to human tuberculosis(TB),which usually affects the pulmonary organs. TB is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide;however, China is one of eight countries that together account for two-thirds of the total number of cases globally.     

Biomechanical behavior of brain injury caused by sticks using finite element model and Hybrid-III testing

Objective: To study the biomechanical mechanism of head injuries beaten with sticks, which is common in the battery or assaultive cases. Methods: In this study, the Hybrid-III anthropomorphic test device and finite element model (FEM) of the total human model for safety (THUMS) head were used to determine the biomechanical response of head while being beaten with different sticks. Total eight Hybrid-III tests and four finite element simulations were conducted. The contact force, resultant acceleration of head center of gravity, intracranial pressure and von Mises stress were calculated to determine the different biomechanical behavior of head with beaten by different sticks. Results: In Hybrid-III tests, the stick in each group demonstrated the similar kinematic behavior under the same loading condition. The peak values of the resultant acceleration for thick iron stick group, thin iron stick group, thick wooden stick group and thin wooden stick group were 203.4 g, 221.1 g, 170.5 g and 122.2 g respectively. In finite element simulations, positive intracranial pressure was initially observed in the frontal comparing with negative intracranial pressure in the contra-coup site. Subsequently the intracranial pressure in the coup site was decreasing toward negative value while the contra-coup intracranial pressure increasing toward positive values. Conclusions: The results illustrated that the stiffer and larger the stick was, the higher the von Mises stress, contact force and intracranial pressure were. We believed that the results in the Hybrid-III tests and THUMS head simulations for brain injury beaten with sticks could be reliable and useful for better understanding the injury mechanism.     

Point mutation in exon 4 of presenilin-1 gene and early-onset familial Alzheimer disease

INTRODUCTION Alzheimer disease can be classified into familial Alzheimer disease (FAD) and sporadic Alzheimer disease (SAD)[1]. Among FAD, ear- ly-onset FAD(EOFAD) is a familialform in which the onset ofsymptoms occurs before the age of 60 to 65 years, an…     

SOMATOM DR CT故障维修1例

1故障现象 开机后．计算机自动装载扫描模式时．操作台不显示“＊OFFSET MEASUREMENT”．报错误代码CN0024-TIMEOUT．不能扫描患者。     

乳腺良恶性病变的磁共振T2*W首过灌注成像与血管生成相关性研究

Objective： To study the diagnostic value of T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging in breast tumors. Methods： We analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） information along with the pathological and immunohistochemistry results. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 28 patients with breast tumor. The time to signal intensity curves were generated according to the T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging. The curve＇s maximal signal intensity drop rate and maximal signal intensity decrease time were analyzed and compared with the pathological diagnoses after surgery. Results： Malignant breast lesions showed higher maximal signal intensity drop rate （44.69% ± 17.07 vs. 17.22% ±7.49, P 〈 0.001） than benign lesions, but there was no significant difference of maximal signal decrease time between those two lesions （23.94 s ± 4.92 vs. 20.02 s ± 6.83, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： The T2^＊-weighted first-pass perfusion imaging has enough sensitivity and specificity in breast tumor diagnosis.     

肺内源性和肺外源性呼吸衰竭机械通气的临床对比研究

目的探讨肺内源性和肺外源性呼吸衰竭机械通气时的肺保护性策略。方法通过25例呼吸衰竭中12例肺内源性和13例肺外源性机械通气临床资料的回顾性分析,对比研究两组呼吸力学差异时对通气模式选择、参数设置和调节的影响,以及肺保护的实施方法。结果在两组APACHE-Ⅱ评分、平均年龄和Vt设置无差异的条件(P>005)下,肺内源性组PEEP/CPAP、PSV、f的需设值均明显高于肺外源性组(P<001)。肺内源性组Pplat、PIP、Raw的监测结果大于肺外源性组,而Crs小于肺外源性组(P<001)。肺内源性组417%和肺外源性组154%因MOF而死亡(APACHE-Ⅱ评分均>20分),组间比较有显著差异(P<001)。结论肺内源性和肺外源性呼吸衰竭机械通气时,实施肺保护的方法不同。前者应首选压力预置通气模式,后者可首选容量预置通气模式。以设置中、小Vt为原则,按个体化的通气需求而设置f和加用恰当的PSV、CPAP/PEEP对减少VILI、病死率可能有益。     

ESWL-VI型体外冲击波碎石机故障一例

国产的ESWL-Ⅵ型体外冲击波碎石机采用电磁式冲击波源。它是将电能首先转换成磁能，再转换成机械能，通过声透镜或抛物面反射体将机械波聚焦后所形成的。该机采用C臂旋转式和B超影像定位系统，运行成本较低，在我院已使用4年，使用率较高，故障率较低，现就该机所出现的一例故障分析如下。     

外淋巴瘘的研究现况

外淋巴瘘可引起耳聋、眩晕及耳鸣，但在临床上确诊较难，本文将对其病因，诊断及治疗作一综述。     

甘肃省华亭县缺碘地区儿童心身发育状况调查

智力落后是遍及世界危害儿童心理健康的一类病症,也是一个明显的社会问题。我省华亭县曾是一个严重的缺碘区,痴傻呆的发病率很高,已进行30多年的投碘防治.为了解目前儿童体格智力发育情况,我们于1992～1993年对该地区140名小儿进行检测,以分析探讨低智的病因并提出预防措施.