贝伐珠单抗联合化疗治疗转移性结直肠癌的疗效及对患者血清VEGF、MMP-9及COX-2表达的影响

目的探讨贝伐珠单抗联合化疗治疗转移性结直肠癌的疗效及对患者血清VEGF、MMP-9及COX-2表达的影响。方法选取我院自2014年1月～2016年1月收治的84例转移性结直肠癌患者作为观察对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组与研究组,各42例。两组均行化疗治疗,研究组加用贝伐珠单抗治疗,对比两组近期疗效、血清VEGF、MMP-9及COX-2表达水平、毒副反应发生率。结果研究组治疗总有效率为52.38%,高于对照组的30.95%(P0.05);治疗后,研究组血清VEGF、MMP-9、COX-2水平均低于对照组(P0.05);两组化疗相关毒副反应发生率差异不明显(P0.05)。结论贝伐珠单抗联合化疗治疗转移性结直肠癌可提高疗效,抑制肿瘤进展,降低VEGF、MMP-9、COX-2水平。     

贝伐单抗在中低位直肠癌新辅助治疗中的有效性及安全性观察

目的探讨贝伐单抗在中低位局部进展期直肠癌新辅助放化疗治疗中的有效性及安全性。方法贝伐单抗联合FOLFOX方案的新辅助放化疗患者为观察组(n=25),FOLFOX方案新辅助放化疗患者为对照组(n=31)。观察两组的病理完全缓解率、肿瘤降期率、低位直肠癌的保肛率、常见放化疗不良反应及围手术期的主要并发症。结果两组的病理完全缓解率、总降期率及低位直肠癌保肛率无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组的高血压发生率高于对照组(P=0.03),差异有统计学意义,其他常见放化疗不良反应及围手术期的主要并发症差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论贝伐单抗在中低位直肠癌的新辅助放化疗中有较高的安全性,没有明显增加新辅助放化疗的不良反应,没有明显增加围手术期的严重并发症。但未能提高直肠癌的病理完全缓解率、病理降期率及低位直肠癌的保肛率。     

A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing chemotherapy plus bevacizumab with chemotherapy alone in metastatic colorectal cancer

Purpose  Bevacizumab has demonstrated survival benefit in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients when combined with chemotherapy. Several randomized clinical studies have evaluated bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy. Meta-analysis was performed to better assess the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab with chemotherapy for mCRC. Materials and methods  Five clinical trials randomizing a total of 3,103 mCRC patients to chemotherapy alone or to the combined treatment of chemotherapy plus bevacizumab were identified. The efficacy data included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and overall response rate (ORR), and the safety data contained the 60-day all-cause mortality rate, adverse events (AEs), and specific toxicity such as hypertension, thrombosis, bleeding, proteinuria, gastrointestinal perforation, diarrhea, and leucopenia. Result  There was a significant PFS benefit (P = 0.00; hazards ratio [HR] = 0.66) and OS benefit (P = 0.00; HR = 0.77) in favor of the combined treatment. The ORR was significantly higher on the bevacizumab-containing arm (P = 0.021; relative risk [RR] = 1.5), while CR was comparable between the two arms (P = 0.09). A higher incidence of grade 3/4 AEs, grade 3/4 hypertension, grade 3/4 thromboembolic/thrombotic events, grade 3/4 bleeding, and gastrointestinal perforation was associated with the bevacizumab group. The two treatment groups were similar in terms of grade 3/4 proteinuria, grade 3/4 leukopenia, grade 3/4 diarrhea, and the 60-day all-cause mortality rate. Conclusion  The addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy confers a clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvement in OS, PFS, and ORR. Its side effects are predictable and manageable and do not compound the incidence or severity of toxicities from chemotherapy.     

Anti-angiogenic therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer:Current and future perspectives

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in both men and women in the United States,with about 142820 new cases and 50830 deaths expected in 2013.Metastatic disease(mCRC)remains a challenge for oncologists worldwide due to its potential comorbidities.Recently,chemotherapy regimens containing 5-fluorouracil,leucovorin,oxaliplatin and irinotecan combinations are a standard of care in the metastatic disease.Currently,biological therapies involving vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor pathways,such as bevacizumab and cetuximab,have emerged as good option for improving mCRC patient survival.Now,aflibercept plus standard chemotherapy has also been approved in second line regimen for mCRC patients.Our review will discuss novel biological drugs and their indications for mCRC patients and will bring future perspectives in this regard.     

Bevacizumab抑制高转移性人肝癌原位移植瘤的血管形成

目的：探讨Bevacizumab对人高转移肝癌模型LCI-D20血管形成的抑制作用。方法：分别采用空白对照及Bevacizurnab治疗LCI-D20，用药28d后处死裸鼠，测量肿瘤质量，检测肿瘤组织微血管密度。结果：对照组肿瘤负荷平均为2．0g；MVD（microvascular density，微血管密度）平均39．6个／HP；治疗组平均肿瘤负荷为0．1g及平均MVD为4．9个／HP，与对照组比较有显著差异（P〈20．05）。结论：Bevacizumab有抑制肝癌血管形成及肿瘤生长的活性。     

XELOX联合贝伐珠单克隆抗体方案转化治疗同时性结肠癌并发肝转移患者初步研究

目的 探讨应用奥沙利铂和卡培他滨(XELOX)联合贝伐珠单克隆抗体方案转化治疗同时性结肠癌并发肝转移患者疗效及安全性。方法 2015年6月～2017年7月我院诊治的41例初始不可切除的结肠癌并发肝转移患者,实施了XELOX联合贝伐珠单克隆抗体方案的转化治疗,观察了转化治疗应答率、转化结果、不良反应和总生存期(OS)。结果 41例初始不可切除的结肠癌并发肝转移患者均接受了不少于4个疗程的转化治疗。在转化治疗后,31例(75.6%)患者呈部分缓解(PR),其中14例(34.1%)患者接受了根治性手术;在转化治疗后随访13～26个月(中位随访时间为18个月),转化手术组与未手术组1 a总生存率分别为92.3%(失访1例)和66.7%,经Log-rank 检验发现转化手术组患者总生存期显著长于未手术组(P=0.019)。结论 应用贝伐珠单克隆抗体联合XELOX方案治疗同时性结肠癌并发肝转移患者安全有效,部分初始不可切除患者可以通过转化治疗再次获得手术机会,而一旦实施转化手术,有望延长患者的生存时间。     

替吉奥胶囊联合奥沙利铂方案加贝伐单抗治疗晚期结直肠癌的临床观察

目的 观察替吉奥胶囊联合奥沙利铂方案加贝伐单抗治疗晚期结直肠癌的临床疗效及不良反应,评价其有效性和安全性。 方法 回顾性分析2010年6月-2012年6月收治的经病理学确诊的47例晚期结直肠癌病例,其中22例采用替吉奥胶囊联合奥沙利铂方案加贝伐单抗治疗(研究组),25例采用单纯替吉奥胶囊联合奥沙利铂方案治疗(对照组),观察其疗效和不良反应,并进行随访。结果 47例患者均可评价疗效和不良反应,研究组和对照组的客观有效率分别为63.6%和36.0%;疾病控制率分别为86.4%和68.0%; 中位无疾病进展期分别为7.3月和4.8月;中位生存期分别为15.0月和12.6月,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组较对照组增加的不良反应主要有高血压,出血等, 发生率分别为9.1% 、4.5%,均为Ⅰ级~Ⅱ级,经药物治疗后均可控制,不影响化疗的连续性。 结论 替吉奥胶囊联合奥沙利铂方案加贝伐单抗治疗晚期结直肠癌能够提高疗效,延长生存时间,且患者耐受性较好,具有较好的临床应用前景。     

Comparison of survival and hospitalization rates between Medicare patients with advanced NSCLC treated with bevacizumab–carboplatin–paclitaxel and carboplatin–paclitaxel: A retrospective cohort study

ObjectiveThe use of bevacizumab in advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is controversial among elderly patients. This study aimed to compare overall survival for Medicare patients diagnosed with NSCLC and treated with either first-line bevacizumab–carboplatin–paclitaxel (BCP) or carboplatin–paclitaxel (CP).MethodsPatients ≥65 years old, first diagnosed with non-squamous NSCLC stage IIIB/IV between 2006 and 2009, and treated with either first-line BCP or CP, were selected from the SEER-Medicare database that links cancer registry and US Medicare claims data. Kaplan–Meier estimates were used to evaluate survival. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare the effect of BCP versus CP on the hazard of death. Age-stratified analyses were conducted for patients aged 65–74 and ≥75 years.ResultsOf 1706 patients in the study sample, 592 (34.7%) received BCP and 1114 (65.3%) received CP; 692 (40.6%) were ≥75 years. Adjusted median survival time in the BCP versus CP cohorts was 10.5 versus 8.5 months (p = 0.008). The difference in median survival favoring the BCP cohort was statistically significant for both patients aged ≥75 years (2.8 months, p = 0.019), and patients aged 65–74 years (1.5 months, p = 0.018). The adjusted hazard of death did not differ between the cohorts (HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.86–1.06); however, during the first year of follow-up, when most deaths (>60%) occurred, the hazard of death was 18% lower for the BCP cohort (HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.71–0.94). BCP patients also had 18% fewer hospital admissions than CP patients (adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR): 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72–0.94) and 23% fewer inpatient days (IRR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65–0.91).ConclusionsIn this retrospective analysis of Medicare patients in the SEER database, first-line therapy with BCP was associated with longer survival and fewer hospitalizations than CP.