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1.
The nature of the immunopathogenic relationship underlying the very strong association of coeliac disease (CD) to the HLA-DQ (A1*0501, B1*0201) genotype is not known, but probably relates to binding of gluten-derived epitopes to the HLA-DQ (α1*0501, β1*0201) heterodimer (DQ2). These epitopes have not yet been defined. In this study we have tested the binding of various gluten-derived peptides to DQ2 in a cellular assay using Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B lymphocytes and murine fibroblast transfectants. One of these peptides (peptide A), which has previously been shown to exacerbate the CD lesion in vitro and in vivo, was found to bind to DQ2, albeit only moderately, lending further credence to its possible role in the pathogenesis of CD. The nature of peptide A's binding to DQ2 was explored with truncated and conservative point substituted analogues and compared with the published DQ2 binding motif, the results of which explain the observed level of binding.  相似文献   
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Abstract: A number of microsatellite polymorphisms located in the MHC region of the human chromosome 6 have been analysed in a large group of patients with juvenile arthritis (JA) ( n =177) and in 157 controls. There have been no significant associations for the alleles of the microsatellite polymorphisms D6S -105, D6S -510, TNFA, TNFC, TNFD, TNFE, HSP. Allele frequencies and HLA associations were listed for the non-associated micro-satellite loci. The microsatellite locus DQ CAR, which is localized between DQA1 and DQB1, shows a significant positive association with JA for the allele DQ CAR 121 and a negative association for the allele DQ CAR 111. The allele DQ CAR 121 is strongly associated with DQA1*0501 and with DQB1*0301 both in the normal controls and in the patient population. This pair of DQA/DQB alleles corresponds to the DQ molecule DQ7 on the cell surface, which has been described to be strongly associated with JA. Investigations of the two and three-point haplotypes of DQ CAR with alleles of its neighboring loci have shown that the association with DQ CAR 121 is secondary to the association with DQ7 previously observed. Thus, using eight HLA linked microsatellite polymorphisms in the region from HLA-A to HLA-DQ, we have not found any evidence for further loci which might be involved in the coding for susceptibility for JA.  相似文献   
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OBJECTIVES: To evaluate fine motor (FM) and gross motor (GM) function shortly after school entry in children with a preschool diagnosis of developmental language impairment (DLI). STUDY DESIGN: A cohort of children (n = 70) diagnosed at pre-school age with DLI was reevaluated in elementary school. Language, cognitive, and motor outcomes were assessed through the use of the Battelle Developmental Inventory (BDI). Language was further assessed through the use of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale, Peabody Picture Vocabulary, and Expressive One Word Picture Vocabulary Tests. Performance below -1.5 SD of the normative mean on any test was considered to represent impairment. RESULTS: Forty-three children (mean age, 7.4 +/- 0.7 years) underwent reassessment at a mean of 3.8 +/- 0.7 years after initial preschool assessment. Mean scores for BDI motor domains (FM, 78.3 +/- 11.4; GM, 84.9 +/- 13.3) fell below normative values. Twenty-two children (52%) had motor impairment (FM, 17 of 42; GM, 15 of 42); 35 of 43 (81%) continued to have language impairment. BDI communication raw scores correlated most strongly with FM (rho = 0.73, P < .001) and GM (rho = 0.58, P = .003) raw scores but showed only moderate correlations with cognitive raw scores (rho = 0.41, P = .05). CONCLUSIONS: Impaired motor function is an important comorbidity in DLI. Factors critical to motor performance may also contribute to language deficits in DLI.  相似文献   
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为研究中国北方汉族人中组织相容性复合物DQ(HLA-DQ)基因与胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(IDDM)遗传易感性相关的剂量效应规律,采用聚合酶链反应和序列特异性寡核苷酸探针杂交技术,对54例胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患儿和40例正常成年供血员HLA-DQ基因进行了研究。结果:携带4个易感性基因的个体只见于患者,携带3个易感性基因的个体在患者中为33.3%,正常对照中为10%;携带2个或1个易感性或保护性基因的个体在正常对照中频率较患者为高,但差异无显著意义;携带3个保护性基因的个体只见于正常对照。提示:IDDM易感性基因具有部分隐性遗传的特点且具有累加效应。个体中1个或2个易感性基因的存在不能对IDDM构成显著的易感性,3个或3个以上易感性基因的存在方可对IDDM构成显著易感性。DQ保护性基因具有部分显性遗传的特点并且也具有累加效应。携带1个或2个保护性基因的个体患IDDM的机会将大大减少,而携带3个保护性基因的个体则可以不发生IDDM。  相似文献   
5.
A case of severe diquat poisoning complicated by the development of aggressive behaviour, oliguric renal failure, and intracerebral bleeding is described. The patient was successfully managed and made a complete recovery. In this paper special attention has been given to the major clinical differences between diquat and paraquat intoxication.  相似文献   
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Concerns have arisen about the possible effects of herbicide contamination in aquatic ecosystems. Crop herbicides are introduced into the aquatic environment both inadvertently through runoff events and intentionally through the use of those registered for use in waterways. Acetochlor and atrazine are two agricultural crop herbicides that have often been reported to contaminate waters. Diquat and fluridone are both registered aquatic management herbicides. In this study, a mammalian in vitro cell cytotoxicity assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of these four commonly used herbicides. The ranked order of the cytotoxicity was: diquat (C(1/2) = 0.036 mM +/- 0.011) > acetochlor (C(1/2) = 0.060 mM +/- 0.010) > fluridone (C(1/2) = 0.172 mM +/- 0.029) atrazine (C(1/2) = 0.581 mM +/- 0.050). In addition, flow cytometric analysis was conducted on CHO cells to investigate the potential impact of these four herbicides on the cell cycle. Acetochlor and diquat had the greatest impact on the cell cycle. Acetochor exposure resulted in a decreased number of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, whereas diquat exposure resulted in a decreased number of cells in both the G1 and G2 phases. Both atrazine and fluridone resulted in a decrease in cells in the G2 phase. The agricultural crop herbicides and aquatic management herbicides gave similar results in cytotoxicity and in the cell-cycle assay at the end points tested.  相似文献   
8.
Donor-specific antibodies (DSA) in sera of sensitized transplant patients are often produced against the specific epitopes on mismatched HLA antigens. In this study, we selected sera from 30 kidney transplant patients with DSA and AMR to define DQ epitopes. Using adsorption and elution assays, we identified 18 antibody reaction patterns to define 6 new epitopes and to confirm 12 previously defined epitopes. In one patient case, one mismatched antigen produced 3 different antibodies and, in another, antibodies were produced against the alpha and beta chains of the same antigen. For some sera, a single epitope can explain reactions for 27 of the 29 DQ beads in the single antigen panel.  相似文献   
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