康复新液联合消化内镜治疗急性上消化道出血

目的分析急性上消化道出血患者采用康复新液联合消化内镜治疗的临床疗效。方法将2017年1月-2019年8月在本院接受治疗的42例急性上消化道出血患者纳入本次研究,根据不同的止血方法进行分组:对照组(n=21)采用消化内镜治疗;观察组(n=21)采用康复新液联合消化内镜治疗,比较治疗效果。结果 (1)临床疗效:观察组中,显效13例、有效7例、无效1例,总有效率95.24%;对照组中,显效9例、有效9例、无效3例,总有效率85.71%,差异不具有统计学意义(P> 0.05)。(2)并发症发生率:观察组出现再出血1例、发热1例,发生率9.52%;对照组中,再出血3例、发热3例、穿孔2例,发生率38.10%。差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论康复新液联合消化内镜治疗在急性上消化道出血的治疗中具有良好的应用效果,适合在临床中应用。     

骨髓脂肪组织与疾病相关性及机制的研究进展

骨强度不仅与骨密度(BMD)、骨微结构相关,还受骨髓微环境的影响。骨髓脂肪组织(MAT)与骨小梁、造血细胞、神经血管组织共同存在于骨髓腔中,对骨重建、骨髓造血、维持骨髓微环境的稳定起重要作用。近年研究表明,MAT可通过分泌脂联素等细胞因子参与介导代谢性疾病、血液系统肿瘤、癌症等疾病的发生发展,为疾病预防、治疗及监测提供了新的思路。本文拟对MAT生物学特性、影像学测量方法、MAT与疾病相关性及可能的作用机制予以综述。     

Effects of boron-containing compounds on immune responses: review and patenting trends

Introduction: Boron-containing compounds induce effects on immune responses. Such effects are interesting to the biomedical field for the development of therapeutic tools to modulate the immune system.

Areas covered: The scope of BCC use to modify immune responses is expanding, mainly with regard to inflammatory diseases. The information was organized to demonstrate the breadth of reported effects. BCCs act as modulators of innate and adaptive immunity, with the former including regulation of cluster differentiation and cytokine production. In addition, BCCs exert effects on inflammation induced by infectious and noninfectious agents, and there are also reports regarding their effects on mechanisms involving hypersensitivity and transplants. Finally, the authors discuss the beneficial effects of BCCs on pathologies involving various targets and mechanisms.

Expert opinion: Some BCCs are currently used as drugs in humans. The mechanisms by which these BCCs modulate immune responses, as well as the required structure–activity relationship for each observed mechanism of action, should be clarified. The former will allow for the development of improved immunomodulatory drugs with extensive applications in medicine. Patenting trends involve claims concerning the synthesis and actions of identified molecules with a defined profile regarding cytokines, cell differentiation, proliferation, and antibody production.     

Degenerative protein modifications in the aging vasculature and central nervous system: A problem shared is not always halved

Aging influences the pathogenesis and progression of several major diseases affecting both the cardiovascular system (CVS) and central nervous system (CNS). Defining the common molecular features that underpin these disorders in these crucial body systems will likely lead to increased quality of life and improved ‘health-span’ in the global aging population. Degenerative protein modifications (DPMs) have been strongly implicated in the molecular pathogenesis of several age-related diseases affecting the CVS and CNS, including atherosclerosis, heart disease, dementia syndromes, and stroke. However, these isolated findings have yet to be integrated into a wider framework, which considers the possibility that, despite their distinct features, CVS and CNS disorders may in fact be closely related phenomena. In this work, we review the current literature describing molecular roles of the major age-associated DPMs thought to significantly impact on human health, including carbamylation, citrullination and deamidation. In particular, we focus on data indicating that specific DPMs are shared between multiple age-related diseases in both CVS and CNS settings. By contextualizing these data, we aim to assist future studies in defining the universal mechanisms that underpin both vascular and neurological manifestations of age-related protein degeneration.