调强放疗模式下青年鼻咽癌患者的预后分析

目的 探讨调强放疗(intensity-modulated radiotherapy,IMRT)模式下青年鼻咽癌患者的生存分析与预后因素。 方法 回顾性分析2004年1月~2007年12月在笔者医院接受IMRT的青年鼻咽癌患者(年龄≤35岁)的临床资料,进行相关预后分析。 结果 101例患者5年无局部区域复发生存率、总生存率(OS)、无远处转移生存率(DFFS)及无瘤生存率(DFS)分别为93.8%、85.0%、79.9%和76.6%。多因素分析表明N分期是OS(P=0.018)、DFFS(P=0.001)及DFS(P=0.003)的独立预后因素。性别在本研究中是DFFS(P=0.050)的独立预后因素。 结论 IMRT治疗青年鼻咽癌可获得较好的局部区域控制率及总生存率,N分期是影响青年鼻咽癌调强放疗远期疗效的相关预后因素,远处转移是治疗失败的主要原因。     

青年维持性血液透析患者心血管疾病调查及危险因素分析

目的调查青年维持性血液透析（MHD）患者心血管疾病的发病情况和病变特点，并探讨其危险因素。方法采用横断面研究。MHD患者98例，以45岁为界分为青年组（47例）和中老年组（51例）。收集患者临床资料和生化指标。心脏超声检查测量心脏腔径及心功能参数。分析青年组患者心脏结构和功能异常的患病率、病变特点及其影响因素。结果（1）47例青年患者中有30例（63．8％）存在心脏结构异常，主要表现为左心室肥厚、左心房增大和瓣膜反流，患病率分别为61．7％、38．3％和34．0％。（2）青年组患者向心性肥厚的患病率为86．2％，离心性肥厚的患病率为13．8％，与中老年组相比，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。（3）与无心脏病变青年MHD患者相比，伴心脏病变者的超滤量、收缩压、血磷和甲状旁腺激素明显增高，而Kt／V、血红蛋白和血清白蛋白明显降低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。Logistic回归分析结果显示，超滤量、收缩压、血红蛋白和血甲状旁腺激素是青年MHD患者并发心脏病变的独立危险因素。结论青年MHD患者心血管疾病的患病率较高，主要表现为左心室肥厚、左房增大和瓣膜反流。超滤量、收缩压、血红蛋白和血甲状旁腺激素水平可能是影响青年MHD患者并发心脏病变的独立危险因素。     

The effect of negative experiences on delinquent behavior of youth in a social withdrawal situation

This study examines the relationship between negative experiences, negative emotions, and delinquent behavior among young people in a social withdrawal situation. There were 533 participants in this study and various quantitative analyses were utilized. Results showed that participants with a longer period of social withdrawal were generally less affected by negative experiences, while those with a higher level of social withdrawal were more affected by negative experiences, particularly negative relationships with other people. Also, both negative emotions and higher level of social withdrawal mediated the relationship between negative experiences and involvement in delinquent behavior, with negative emotions displaying a higher mediating effect. This reflects that the root of delinquent behavior is the negative experiences which arouse negative emotions, rather than the social withdrawal behavior itself. Results imply that practitioners should first explore the negative experiences suffered by these young people, so as to provide them the most appropriate support.     

Effects of balance exercises during daily tooth brushing on balance performance in healthy children

BackgroundIt has been shown that supervised balance training is effective in improving balance performance in children but relatively costly in terms of personnel, materials, and time. Integrating balance exercises into daily routines such as tooth brushing reduces these needs, but its effectiveness is unknown.ObjectiveThis study investigated the impact of balance exercises performed during daily tooth brushing on measures of static and dynamic balance in healthy children.MethodsFifty-five healthy children were assigned to either an intervention (n = 32, age: 9.5 ± 0.7 years) or a control (n = 23, age: 9.2 ± 0.5 years) group. Participants of the intervention group performed progressive balance exercises while tooth brushing on a daily basis (2 sessions per day × 3 min per session) for eight weeks. Static (i.e., timed one-legged stance test [OLS]) and dynamic (i.e., Lower Quarter Y Balance test [YBT-LQ]) balance were tested before and after the intervention period.ResultsThe adherence rate to exercise was 98% for the participants of the intervention group. Significant test × group interactions in favor of the intervention group were detected in three out of four OLS stance conditions and for all YBT-LQ reach directions.ConclusionsEight weeks of balance exercises while tooth brushing proved to be feasible (i.e., high adherence rate) and effective (i.e., enhanced static and dynamic balance performance) and is thus recommended to improve postural control in healthy children.     

40岁以下青年直肠癌的临床分析

目的 探讨40岁以下青年直肠癌的临床病理特征、治疗方法及预后.方法 将6年间收治的已切除且有完整手术资料的325例直肠癌患者分为2组:青年组(<40岁)49例;中老年组(≥40岁)276例,对2组的临床病理、治疗方法及随访资料进行回顾性分析.结果 青年直肠癌占同期直肠癌的15.1%(49/25),中下段占79.6%(39/49),浸润生长占55.1%(27/49),黏液腺癌及低分化占83.7%(41/49),侵犯浆膜者占87.8%(43/49),淋巴结转移者占75.5%(37/49),Miles手术占65.3%(32/49),Dixon手术占34.7%(17/49).上述特点与中老年直肠癌均有显著差异(P<0.01).5年生存率青年组为32.7%,中老年组为60.9%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 青年直肠癌的临床病理特征及预后较差,与中老年者有明显不同的特征.临床要提高警惕,以便早发现、早诊断、早治疗.     

青年乳头状甲状腺癌患者MSCT影像学表现及其与颈部淋巴结转移的相关性

目的 分析青年乳头状甲状腺癌患者MSCT影像学表现及其与颈部淋巴结转移的相关性.方法 回顾分析本院2017年6月至2019年9月收治的116例乳头状甲状腺癌患者作为研究对象,所有患者均进行MSCT检查后根据颈部淋巴结有无转移分为转移组(86例)和未转移组(30例).通过所得MSCT图像了解乳头状甲状腺癌患者颈部淋巴结转...     

年轻中心型肥胖者QT离散度及颈动脉粥样硬化关系的研究

目的探讨年轻单纯性中心型肥胖者QT离散度(QTd、QTcd)及颈动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法选择18~35岁单纯性中心型肥胖38例及年龄与肥胖者相匹配的正常体重34例,分别测量体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、QTd、QTcd值;超声检测颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)及有否斑块。结果肥胖者的血压增高、BMI、WHR、QTd、QTcd增大,与正常体重者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);QT离散度>50 ms者发生IMT异常的危险度高于QT离散度<50 ms者(OR=7.0,P<0.05)。结论年轻人单纯性中心型肥胖者QT离散度大于正常参考值,颈动脉内中膜异常;QT离散度>50 ms时其发生动脉粥样硬化的危险性增加;QT离散度可作为预测心血管病变的一项参考指标。     

青年缺血性脑卒中122例临床分析

目的:分析青年缺血性脑卒中的病因、危险因素、临床特点及预后。方法:回顾性分析122例青年缺血性脑卒中患者的临床资料。结果:青年缺血性脑卒中患者男性明显高于女性,有明确病因者105例(86.1%)其中动脉粥样硬化56例(45.9%),高同型半胱氨酸血症26例(21.3%),心源性栓塞12例(9.8%),炎症性血管病10例(8.2%),先天性血管畸形1例(0.81%),病因不清者17例(13.9%)。主要危险因素有高血压、高血脂、吸烟。临床特点为:以偏瘫、偏身感觉障碍为主,意识障碍少,预后较好。经治疗治愈98例(80.33%),好转23例(18.85%),死亡1例(0.82%)。结论:青年缺血性脑卒中的病因以动脉粥样硬化最多见,高血压、高脂血症、吸烟为主要危险因素。一般预后好,治愈率高,死亡率、致残率低。