小脑蚓部寄生虫病的临床特点与MRI表现分析

目的探讨小脑蚓部寄生虫病的临床特点并分析患者主要MRI表现。方法选择我院2011年1月-2015年8月收治46例小脑蚓部寄生虫病患者进行研究,对患者年龄、临床症状等进行总结,并行头颅MRI检查,分析小脑蚓部寄生虫病不同分期的MRI表现。结果小脑蚓部寄生虫病临床特点:以癫痫为主要首发症状、饮食习惯不良、男性发病率高于女性、青壮年好发。MRI特点:散在单个寄生,病灶小、数量多、分布广,76.2%(35/46)的患者为多发病灶。46例患者中,共存期24例(52.2%)、退变死亡期9例(19.6%)、钙化期13例(28.32%)。MRI表现:(1)共存期多示单个圆形或卵圆形病灶,囊壁及头节不强化,囊内可见点状头节。T1低信号、头节点状高信号;T2高信号、头节点状低信号。(2)退变死亡期虫体增大、不规则,T1示囊虫壁不规则环状或结节状高信号、虫体及周围水肿区低信号;T2示虫体及周围水肿区为高信号、囊虫壁不规则环状或结节状低信号,形成寄生虫病特异性改变—靶型病灶。病灶呈结节状或不规则环状明显强化。(3)钙化期病灶表现为无信号或单个或多个点状低信号,无水肿带、增强无变化。结论小脑蚓部寄生虫病临床特点与MRI表现均具有较大特征性,二者结合往往可准确诊断。     

Characteristics of Assaultive Psychiatric Patients: Fifteen-Year Analysis of the Assaulted Staff Action Program (ASAP)

This study reports on a fifteen-year longitudinal analysis of the characteristics of assaultive patients in one public-sector mental health care system. The data were gathered within the context of the Assaulted Staff Action Program (ASAP), a crisis intervention service for staff victims. The fifteen-year findings were consistent with previous worldwide research on assaultive patients and included both older male patients with schizophrenia and younger personality-disordered patients as high-risk assailants. Both groups had appreciable histories of violence toward others, personal victimization, and substance use disorders. The role of these three clinical variables in association with subsequent assaults, the role of trauma in female assailants, and the consistency of the fundamental characteristics of assaultive patients during several service system initiatives were examined. Implications for research and intervention are discussed.     

28例原发性卵黄囊瘤患者的CT表现分析

目的分析28例原发性卵黄囊瘤(YST)患者的CT表现。方法选择2015年2月至2019年12月收治的28例YST患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,8例YST患者入院后均予以CT检查,然后对患者的CT影像学特征和临床资料数据进行分析比较。结果本研究中28例YST患者肿瘤位于性腺的有17例(60.71%),其中位于睾丸、卵巢处的分别有7例、10例,占比分别为60.71%、41.18%,均为单侧发病;9例(39.29%)位于性腺外,其中位于骶尾部、前纵隔、阴道的分别有6例、2例、1例,占比分别为66.67%、22.22%、11.11%。CT检测可见肿瘤浅分叶,且呈椭网形,18例(64.29%)肿瘤边界较为清晰,9例(32.14%)呈深分叶状形态不规则;8例(28.57%)边界模糊,肿瘤大小分析可见,肿瘤位于前纵隔、卵巢的相对较大,位于阴道、睾丸、骶尾部的相对较小。28例YST患者中,单纯型21例YST(75.00%),混合型7例(25.00%)。结论原发性卵黄囊瘤进行CT检测尤为重要,其CT表现具有一定特征性,可为临床治疗提供一定的依据。     

2013年广东省潮州市流行性感冒流行特征分析

目的：了解广东省潮州市2013年度流行性感冒流行特征及病毒流行株构成。方法采集监测哨点医院疑似流感样患者咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光 PCR（real-time RT-PCR）检测病毒核酸。结果全市流感检测哨点医院共采集标本830份,流感病毒核酸阳性为53份,阳性率为6.39％;其中新甲型 H1N1流感占49.06％（26／53）、乙型流感病毒占28.30％（15／53）、季节性流感病毒 H3亚型占22.64％（12／53）,未分离到季节性流感病毒H1。4月和12月为年度病毒检测高峰。病毒感染率以5～14岁组（14.12％）最高,与其它组比较存在统计学差异（P <0.05）。结论2013年度潮州市流感病毒优势株为新型甲型H1N1,全年有2个流行高峰,在4月和12月,主要发病人群为学龄前儿童和小学生。     

Necrotic cells induce nonadherent peritoneal exudate cells to proliferate and differentiate into macrophage-like cells

In a previous study, we noticed that some ascitic cells isolated from melanoma patients survive, proliferate, and differentiate into giant phagocytes after the other cells died. Similar phenomena were observed in the primary cultures of mouse lung and liver cells. In the present study, the effects of dying cells on abdominal exudate cells, and the biological characteristics of the differentiated cells were studied. The results indicate that necrotic cells induce CD14^?/CD68⁺ fraction of abdominal exudate cells to proliferate and differentiate into giant phagocytes; however, apoptotic cells had no such effect. Morphologic studies revealed that the large phagocytes possess characteristics of macrophages. Moreover, necrotic cells enhance the expression of CD14, CD68, CD80, and CD86, and the differentiated cells expressed high levels of CD68 and CD86. Our results indicate that necrotic cells induce CD14^?/CD68⁺ fraction of abdominal exudate cells to proliferate and differentiate, and the differentiated cells possess characteristics similar to macrophages.     

Colon transit time according to physical activity and characteristics in South Korean adults

AIM:To investigate factors contributing to the colon transit time(CTT),physical activity and characteristics were examined.METHODS:Forty-seven Korean adults(males,n=23;females,n=24) took a capsule containing 20 radioopaque markers to measure the CTT.The subjects used an accelerometer to measure the physical activity and underwent a bioelectrical impedance analysis to determine the physical characteristics.Macro-nutrient was also surveyed.RESULTS:The mean total CTTs(TCTT) in the males and females were 8.8 and 24.7 h(P=0.002),respectively.In the male subjects,the right CTT(3.5±4.9 h vs 10.0±11.6 h,P=0.023) and recto-sigmoid CTT(4.4±4.7 vs 13.6±12.5 h,P=0.004) were significantly shorter and the total energy expenditure(637.6±44.3 kcal vs 464.3±64.9 kcal,P=0.003),total activity count(247 017±75 022 count vs 178 014±75 998 count,P=0.003),energy expenditure of light intensity(148.5±6.9 kcal vs 120.0±16.8 kcal,P=0.006),energy expenditure of moderate intensity(472.0±36.2 kcal vs 281.4±22.2 kcal,P < 0.001),fat intake(65.5±23.3 g vs 51.2±17.4 g,P=0.010),and water consumption(1714.3±329.4 g vs 1164.7±263.6 g,P=0.009) were significantly higher than in the female subjects.Regarding correlations,when adjusted for gender,fiber(r =-0.545,P < 0.001) and water intake(r =-0.257,P < 0.05) correlated significantly with the TCTT in all subjects.In addition,the body mass index(r =-0.424,P < 0.05) and fiber intake(r =-0.417,P < 0.05) in the males as well as the fiber intake(r =-0.655,P < 0.001) in the females showed significant correlations with the TCTT.CONCLUSION:The subjects showed significant gender differences in the TCTT,right CTT,and recto-sigmoid CTT.Furthermore,the intake of the fiber and water contributed to the CTT.     

Characteristics and outcome of false cardiac arrests in hospital

BACKGROUND: Not all hospitalised patients with symptoms of a presumed or threatened cardiac arrest, for whom the rescue team is alerted, eventually suffer a cardiac arrest. This article aims to describe the characteristics and outcome of "false cardiac arrests". METHODS: All patients hospitalised at Sahlgrenska University Hospital for whom the rescue team was alerted between 1 November 1994 and 15 October 2002 were included. RESULTS: In all, there were 1538 calls for the rescue team, of which 70% were caused by cardiac arrest, 9% by respiratory arrest and 21% by "other causes". Survival to discharge was 36% among patients with cardiac arrest, 64% among patients with respiratory arrest and 77% among patients with "other reasons for calling" (p<0.0001 for trend). Among survivors, a cerebral performance categories (CPC) score of 1 at hospital discharge was found in 83% of those with a cardiac arrest, 59% with respiratory arrest and 82% with other reasons for calling (NS for trend). CONCLUSION: Among patients at a Swedish university hospital for whom the rescue team was alerted, about one-third have a "false cardiac arrest". These patients had a survival rate which was about twice that of patients with a "true cardiac arrest". However, among survivors, cerebral function at discharge was similar, regardless of "false" or "true" cardiac arrest.     

Neuropsychological characteristics of Italian children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Background: Children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) display many problems ranging from deficits in intelligence to behavioral difficulties. Thus, many studies have aimed at defining the neuropsychological characteristics of children with FASD. The current article describes the neuropsychological characteristics of Italian children with severe diagnosis within FASD and compares them with controls. It was expected that intellectual functioning, language comprehension, academic skills, and inattention/hyperactivity would discriminate children with FASD from randomly selected peers without FASD. Methods: This article presents data from a second cohort of children examined in 2005 as part of an in‐school epidemiological study of FASD in Italy. Of 80 children, 23 diagnosed with a FASD, and 57 randomly selected control children from the same first‐grade classes, participated. After screening for FASD via growth and dysmorphology, the children were administered a test of general intelligence (WISC‐R) as well as tests of nonverbal reasoning (Raven Colored Progressive Matrices), language comprehension (Rustioni), academic achievement (IPDA), and problem behavior (Disruptive Behavior Disorder Rating Scale). Results: Children diagnosed with a FASD achieved lower scores than control children on Verbal, Performance, and Full Scale IQ. Profile analysis of the WISC‐R indicates overall differences between the groups. However, some intact functioning within the FASD group was found, as the Similarities and Vocabulary subtests were similar to the controls. After an alpha adjustment to 0.004, the Block Design, Object Assembly, and Mazes subtests were significantly different from controls. On tests of nonverbal reasoning, language comprehension, and academic achievement, the children with a FASD scored significantly lower. Moreover, teachers rated children with a severe diagnosis within FASD as showing more inattentive symptoms than controls, while hyperactive/impulsive characteristics among children with a FASD were comparable with the control children. Significant correlations between head circumference, child dysmorphology, WISC‐R, and Raven CPM scores are also reported. Conclusions: This study indicates that a sample of Italian children with a FASD, when compared with control children, display poorer functioning on measures of general intelligence, nonverbal reasoning, academic achievement, and teacher‐rated problem behaviors. The findings also contribute to the formulation of a neuropsychological profile of children diagnosed with a FASD.     

轻型孤独症患儿行为特征的探讨

儿童孤独症是以社交障碍、语言障碍和重复刻板行为为特征的广泛性发育障碍 ,近年来发病率呈上升的趋势 ,其中轻型患儿占有相当的比例[1] 。因病因尚不清楚 ,因此尚无特异性的诊断手段 ,主要依靠临床症状和表现。而轻型孤独症患儿由于症状较轻或不典型 ,因此增加了临床诊断的困难 ,易被漏诊或误诊而使患儿失去获得早期干预的机会。目前国内有关孤独症的研究主要限于典型孤独症患儿 ,而有关轻型患儿的研究尚未见报道。我们对轻型孤独症患儿的临床表现及行为特征进行了探讨 ,旨在为轻型孤独症患儿的正确诊断提供依据。1　对象和方法1.1　研究对…     

成人隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病的临床特征分析

【目的】探讨成人隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病（LADA）的临床特征。【方法】分析2型糖尿病（T2DM）、经典1型糖尿病（TIDM）、LADA各20例患者的代谢特点及胰岛功能,胰岛自身抗体分布和并发症情况并进行比较。【结果】LADA在体质量指数（BMI）、年龄方面均明显高于TIDM（P〈0．01）,而与T2DM之间无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。LADA出现自发酮症的比例显著高于T2DM,但显著低于T1DM（P〈0．01）。LADA患者的LnHOMA—IR明显低于T2DM（P〈0．01）而高于T1DM。LADA患者的LnHO-MA—IS和空腹C肽明显低于T2DM（P〈O．01）,与T1DM近似（P〉0．05）,餐后2hC肽明显低于T2DM（P〈0．01）而明显高于T1DM（P〈0．01）。LADA患者的IcA和GAD-Ab双抗体阳性率明显低于T1DM（P〈0．01）。LADA患者大血管病变、视网膜病变、糖尿病肾病、冠心病及脑血管病变的发生率明显高于T1DM（P〈0．05）,但和T2DM相比无差异（P〉0．05）;高脂血症和高血压的发生率与TIDM相比无差异,但显著低于T2DM（P〈0．05）,具有统计学意义。【结论】LADA患者早期临床表现与T2DM非常相似,其临床特点有助于早期诊断,从而早期防止胰岛β细胞功能过早衰竭。