一氧化氮合酶与肝癌血管生成的关系

目的:观察一氧化氮合酶(NOS)在正常肝组织、肝硬化和原发性肝癌中表达的不同情况,分析其与微血管密度(MVD)之间的关系,探讨在原发性肝癌血管生成和肝癌细胞转移中的作用.方法:应用原位杂交技术,检测80例原发性肝癌、40例肝硬化、20例正常肝组织中NOS的表达定位情况,并用免疫组化技术检测微MVD.结果:肝癌、肝硬化中内皮细胞NOSmRNA的表达显著高于正常肝组织(P<0.01);肝癌细胞中NOSmRNA阳性率明显高于肝硬化中肝细胞,而后者又明显高于正常肝脏中肝细胞(P<0.01),此外,肝癌组织内皮细胞上NOSmRNA表达阳性者MVD显著高于阴性者(P<0.01).结论:①肝癌细胞cNOS的表达参与肝癌的发生过程;②肝癌血管内皮细胞NOS的表达在肝癌的血管生成中起重要作用.     

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) up-regulates the expression of haem oxygenase-1 in mouse placenta

Haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible enzyme that catalyses the rate-limiting step in the degradation of haem to biliverdin, carbon monoxide and iron. There is increasing evidence that HO plays important roles in the cellular defence against oxidative stress and the deleterious effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In the present study, we investigated the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the expression of HO-1 in mouse placenta. When a single dose of LPS (75 microg/kg, i.p.) was administered to the pregnant mice, the expression of HO-1 in mouse placenta was markedly increased at 12 h after LPS treatment and remained elevated up to 48 h after LPS administration. The expression of HO-2, the constitutive form, did not change at the various time points observed. LPS-induced up-regulation of placental HO-1 was blocked after the pregnant mice were pre-treated with alpha-phenyl-N-t-butylnitrone (PBN), a free radical spin trapping agent. Correspondingly, PBN pre-treatment significantly inhibited LPS-induced lipid peroxidation and glutathione (GSH) depletion in mouse placenta. Furthermore, pentoxifylline (PTX), an inhibitor of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) synthesis, also significantly attenuated LPS-induced up-regulation of placental HO-1. However, aminoguanidine (AG), a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), had little effect on LPS-induced up-regulation of HO-1 in mouse placenta. Taken together, these results indicate that LPS up-regulates the expression of HO-1 in mouse placenta. LPS-induced up-regulation of placental HO-1 is probably mediated, at least in part, by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and TNF-alpha, rather than nitric oxide.     

非胰岛细胞瘤性低血糖的研究进展

非胰岛细胞瘤性低血糖(NICTH)是一种胰岛细胞瘤以外的其他肿瘤导致的低血糖症。肿瘤组织分泌过多的胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ(IGF-Ⅱ)的一种前体形式物质,因其相对分子质量较大,大多数文献称之为big-IGF-Ⅱ,它能产生类胰岛素样活性,故目前认为是导致患者反复出现低血糖的病因。诊断上主要依靠高水平的big-IGF-Ⅱ测定。NICTH的治疗方式较多,但治愈手段主要为手术切除肿瘤组织。现就NICTH的发病机制、临床表现、诊断及治疗等方面的研究进展予以综述。     

胎儿咽-食管肌层α-平滑肌肌动蛋白,肌球蛋白重链Ⅱ、Ⅲ表达的三维分布

目的:探讨胎儿咽、食管肌层中α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-smouth muscle actin,α-SMA)、肌球蛋白重链Ⅱ(myosin heary chain-Ⅱ、MHC-Ⅱ)、MHC-Ⅰ表达及其空间分布。方法:采用免疫组织化学SABC法及蛋白印迹法对20例胎儿咽、食管的α-SMA、MHC-Ⅰ、MHC-Ⅱ表达进行观察。结果:MHC-Ⅱ和MHC-Ⅰ共定位食管上、中段肌层,并主要表达在外部纵行肌,由上至下逐渐减少,至食管下段消失。而α-SMA则在食管上端内层肌开始表达,呈环行排列,由上至下逐渐增加,并由内肌层扩展到外肌层。结论:α-SMA、MHC-Ⅰ、MHC-Ⅱ共存于胎儿食管上中段,骨骼肌和平滑肌的移行呈渐进性,无明确界线。     

大鼠肝缺血再灌注后高胆红素血症与Mrp2、Mrp3表达及定位改变的关系

目的 研究大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注后多耐药相关蛋白2(Mrp2)、多耐药相关蛋白3(Mrp3)表达及定位的改变,探讨肝缺血再灌注后发生高胆红素血症的分子机制.方法 实验分为假手术组(Sham组)和肝缺血30 min再灌注组(IR组).检测血浆和胆汁中DBIL含量.RT-PCR和免疫组织化学方法检测毛细胆管膜上Mrp2和基底膜...     

锦红片对急性胆道感染大鼠血中NO、CRP炎症介质水平的影响

目的：探讨中药锦红片对急性胆道感染时炎症介质一氧化氮（NO）急性反应蛋白C（CRP）的影响。方法：SD大鼠制成急性胆道感染模型,分成A组（模型组）;B组（中药治疗组）;C组（抗生素治疗组）;D组（胆总管结扎组）E组（假手术组）。分别于手术后第3d和手术后第5d取血,做NO、CRP的检测。结果：第3d时A组的NO、CRP明显高于其它各组,B、C两组处于A、E两组之间。第5d时,NO、CRP的总体趋势与第3d相同。结论：中药锦红片能减轻机体在急性胆道感染时的炎症反应。     

骨水泥与非骨水泥股骨柄在初次全髋关节置换术后疗效的Meta分析

目的：系统评价骨水泥与非骨水泥股骨柄在初次全髋关节置换术后的疗效。方法计算机检索PubMed、EMBASE、OVID、Highwire、SpringerLink、ScienceDirect、Cochrane 图书馆、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库文献及手工检索相关文献,收集有关骨水泥与非骨水泥股骨柄在初次全髋关节置换术的随机对照试验,根据考克兰协作组织标准评价纳入试验质量,用Revman5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果纳入11篇文献,共1651例患者,骨水泥髋801例、非骨水泥髋850例。 Meta分析结果示：不限年龄和随访年限,术后翻修率骨水泥固定和非骨水泥固定差异无统计学意义[ OR＝3.20,95％CI （0.72,14.22）, P＞0.05],5年以内随访术后翻修率两种固定方式差异无统计学意义[OR＝0.41,95％CI （0.15,1.16）, P＞0.05],5年以上随访术后翻修率骨水泥固定较非水泥固定股骨柄高,差异有统计学意义[OR＝5.92,95％CI （2.68,13.07）, P＜0.01],术后大腿痛发生率骨水泥固定较非骨水泥固定低,差异有统计学意义[OR＝0.51,95％CI （0.28,0.94）, P＜0.05],术后Harris评分[MD ＝0.6,95％CI （-0.79,1.99）, P＞0.05],松动率[OR ＝1.31,95％CI （0.27,6.30）, P＞0.05]、骨折发生率[OR＝0.91,95％CI （0.3,2.7）, P＞0.05]、感染率[OR＝2.46,95％CI （0.7,8.58）, P＞0.05]、异位骨化发生率[OR＝0.91,95％CI （0.63,1.33）, P＞0.05]和脱位率[OR＝3.11,95％CI （0.6,16.10）, P＞0.05]二者差异无统计学差异。结论骨水泥与非骨水泥固定股骨柄在初次全髋关节置换术后均有满意的效果,非骨水泥固定股骨柄5年以上稳定性较骨水泥好,但术后大腿痛的发生率较骨水泥固定柄高。     

三维影像配合手术导板在口腔种植中的美学应用

目的:探讨三维放射影像配合3D手术导板于人工种植的临床美学研究及其应用特点。方法:随机选择10例患者,术前三维影像学予以检查并设计方案,在3D手术导权引导下行不翻瓣口腔牙种植术,术后再以三维放射影像与原软件手术计划比较,以测量其角度的误差。结果:和传统植牙方法相比,术前三维影像学检查设计,并辅以3D手术导板引导植牙术后植体角度误差<1～3°,术后行12个月跟踪调查,未见种植体有松动和脱落,X线片显示未发现种植体周围有阴影存在,种植后修复效果良好,美观效果佳。结论:三维影像医学检查设计辅以3D手术导板引导牙种植术手术简便,易于美观且效果好,手术创伤小,患者不适感相对小,值得临床借鉴和参考。     

The -141C Ins/Del and Taq1A polymorphism in the dopamine D2 receptor gene may confer susceptibility to schizophrenia in Asian populations

It has been reported that two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) Taq1A and -141C Ins/Del in the DRD2 gene may be associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia. Due to inconclusive and mixed results, a meta-analysis was conducted to further clarify the relationship between the two SNP and schizophrenia susceptibility. A systematic literature search for the association of these two SNP with schizophrenia susceptibility was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to assess the strength of the associations reported. A total of 5558 schizophrenic patients and 6792 healthy controls from 31 articles were included in this study. Evidence regarding the association between -141C Ins/Del polymorphism and schizophrenia was found in the allele frequency comparison (Ins versus Del: OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.06–1.57; p = 0.01, P_raw = 0.1, P_{False Discovery Rate} = 0.023). In ethnic subgroup analysis, the result revealed that the 141C Ins/Del polymorphism was associated with schizophrenia in all genetic models in Asians, but not in Caucasians. For Taq1A polymorphism, a significant association was found in the allele frequency (A1 versus A2: OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.52–0.98, p = 0.03). Stratification by ethnicity indicated an association between the Taq1A polymorphism and schizophrenia in Asians, but not Caucasians. The present study suggests that the -141C Ins/Del polymorphism carries a significantly increased risk of schizophrenia, while the Taq1A polymorphism carries a significantly decreased risk of schizophrenia susceptibility in Asians.     

黄蜀葵总黄酮对脑卒中后抑郁模型大鼠行为学及血浆ACTH、CORT浓度的影响

目的探讨黄蜀葵总黄酮(TFA)对脑卒中后抑郁(PSD)大鼠模型行为学及血浆促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)和皮质醇(CORT)浓度的影响。方法采用线栓法制备局灶性脑缺血大鼠模型,在此基础上综合孤养、应激处理复合制备PSD大鼠模型。观察TFA对PSD大鼠开野行为和糖水消耗试验等行为学指标变化,采用放射免疫方法检测大鼠血浆ACTH和CORT的水平。结果TFA可增加PSD大鼠的水平与垂直运动得分,增加糖水消耗量,降低血浆ACTH和CORT的水平。结论TFA具有抗PSD作用,其机制可能与其调节PSD大鼠血浆ACTH和CORT的水平有关。