Stroke Risk Before and After Central Retinal Artery Occlusion in a US Cohort

Objective

To determine the risk of ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), and amaurosis fugax around the time of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO).

黑色谷物昆虫导致的严重眼部创伤1例

患者,女,农民,59岁,左眼被名为Scotinophara菌的黑色谷物昆虫蜇伤后疼痛肿胀1wk,表现为急性进行性视物模糊。左眼检查发现有明显的眼球突出、眶周肿胀和上睑下垂,眼球各个方向运动均受到限制。角膜浑浊伴上皮大片缺损。眼底检查发现视网膜中央动、静脉闭塞,视盘水肿和黄斑区缺血等特征。CT扫描和脑与眼眶MRI检查发现眼眶软组织炎症。患者诊断为左眼眶蜂窝织炎、角膜炎(角膜葡萄肿)和和视网膜中央动静脉闭塞。全身和局部抗菌素治疗后,眼眶周围肿胀,眼球突出明显改善。但是视力仍为无光感,此外,仍存在持续性眼球运动障碍。Scotinophara菌产生了严重的和长久的潜在眼部刺激。Scotinophara菌所致可觉察的轻微人眼伤害尤其在易发部位应该及时给予滴眼液治疗。     

Bilateral simultaneous central retinal artery occlusion following head injury

Purpose To report a case of bilateral simultaneous central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) following head injury in a young 29-year-old man. Methods A 29-year-old man presented with head injury following road traffic accident. Posterior segment evaluation revealed CRAO in both eyes. Results The patient was treated for CRAO in the form of immediate ocular massage, paracentesis, intravenous mannitol and transdermal isosorbide dinitrate patch. Despite treatment the vision continued to be no perception of light. Systemic investigations were unremarkable. Color Doppler of carotid arteries showed plaque in left carotid bulb and thrombus in right internal carotid artery. Conclusion Bilateral simultaneous CRAO following head trauma has not been reported earlier. Thorough ocular examination is recommended in all cases of head injury.     

颈动脉斑块与心脑血管阻塞性疾病关系的临床探讨

目的 探讨颈动脉斑块与心脑阻塞性疾病及视网膜中央动脉阻塞(CRAO)的关系。方法 1995年10月至2002年7月采用彩色多普勒超声对我院心脑血管疾病患者149例行颈动脉检查。结果 检出颈动脉斑块者74例,未检出斑块者75例。有斑块者较无斑块者颈动脉内膜中层厚度明显增加(P＜0．01)。结论 颈动脉斑块严重程度的增加,其内膜中层厚度亦呈增厚趋势。前者是造成脏器梗死的重要原因之一。颈动脉斑块的检测和治疗可作为心脑血管及CRAO疾病的重要预防措施。     

并发视网膜中央动静脉阻塞的特殊PORN1例

目的:报道1例艾滋病患者特殊的进行性外层视网膜坏死(PORN),同时合并视网膜中央动脉及静脉阻塞。方法:病例报告。结果:患者表现为进行性外层视网膜坏死,视神经亦受累,合并视网膜中央动静脉阻塞,与带状疱疹性视网膜病变的最初表现一样。积极的治疗包括玻璃体腔和特异性系统抗带状疱疹病毒治疗,以及强化的抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)。视网膜坏死静止,对侧眼未受累,而患眼的视力极差。结论:首次报道了1例并发视网膜中央动静脉阻塞的特殊PORN,积极的局部联合系统治疗使得局部病情控制,并预防了对侧眼发病。     

Monoamine oxidase activities of porcine vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells

Amine uptake by cultured vascular cells was studied under conditions minimizing nonenzymic oxidation. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5HT) was accumulated only very poorly; detailed kinetic analysis couid not be performed, but there was no evidence for a saturable high affinity process. Comparison of β-phenylethylamine (PEA) and 5HT metabolism in intact cells and lysed cells demonstrated that the rates of entry of the amines into cells usually limited their metabolism especially at low (μM) concentrations. Primary cultures of aortic endothelial cells metabolised 5HT and PEA substantially faster than did subcultured endothelium. Subcultured aortic vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells metabolised PEA and 5HT with comparable specific enzyme activities to those found in aortic medial tissue. Inhibition by clorgyline of PEA, 5HT and benzylamine (BZA) metabolism reveaied, however, that while aortic tissue possessed monoamine oxidase (MAO) types A and B and a comparable amount of a clorgyline resistant amine oxidase(s) (CRAO), cultured vascular cells possessed MAO-A, but little or no CRAO or MAO-B. Cultured venous endothelium, and smooth muscle from several vascular sites, metabolised PEA and 5HT at similar rates to those found in aortic cells. the studies demonstrate that although cultured porcine endothelial and smooth muscle cells from large blood vessels contain MAO, they do not apparently possess the amine transport process present in the lung. Additionally, conditions of culture can affect both the extent of amine metabolism and the pattern of amine oxidase present.     

中西医结合治疗视网膜中央动脉阻塞临床观察

目的：探讨视网膜中央动脉阻塞的方法。方法：对用中西医结合方法治疗的４５例视网膜中央动脉阻塞患者治疗前后的视力、眼底和视野变化进行了分析。结果：临床显效２４例，有效１６例，无效５例，总有效率为８９％。结论：治疗效果与发生阻塞的同时，程度和部位有关；中西医结合治疗视网膜中央动脉阻塞有一定疗效。