血管内皮功能与糖尿病肢体动脉闭塞症中医辨证关系的研究

目的:研究血管内皮功能在糖尿病肢体动脉闭塞症中的变化及其与中医辨证分型的关系。方法:40例糖尿病肢体动脉闭塞症患者为观察组(A组),分为血瘀型组(A_1组)和湿热下注型组(A_2组),并设单纯糖尿病组(B组)、闭塞性动脉硬化症组(C组)和健康组(D组)各20例进行对照。所有受检者均通过超声进行内皮依赖性舒张功能(endothelium-dependent dilation,EDD)和非内皮依赖性舒张功能(endothe- lium-independent dilation,EID)检测,并测定内皮素-1(endothelin-1,ET-1)、血栓素B_2(thromboxane B_2,TXB_2)、6-酮-前列腺素F_(1α)(6-keto-prostaglandin F_(1α),6-Keto-PGF_(1α))及一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)的浓度。结果:A组EDD较B、C、D对照组明显降低,ET-1、TXB_2水平高于B、C、D对照组,NO、6-Keto-PGF_(1α)水平低于B、D对照组,且EDD与ET-1、TXB_2水平呈负相关,与NO、6-Keto-PGF_(1α)水平呈正相关。A_2组EDD低于A_1组,而且EID也下降。结论:内皮功能障碍在糖尿病肢体动脉闭塞症的发病中起重要作用,且在不同中医证型中有着不同的变化。     

Endoscopic ultrasonography and submucosal resection in the diagnosis and treatment of rectal carcinoid tumors

Rectal carcinoid tumors are often diagnosed as .submucosal tumors on radiological or endoscopic examinations. Usually, its definite size and character, the infiltration of muscularis propria and vessels can not be correctly diagnosed preoperatively. In recent years, endoscopic ultrasonography （EUS） has been used in the diagnosis of submucosal tumors of the gastrointestinal tracts , Conventional endoscopic polypectomy allows local excision of local tumors, but is often associated with tumor involvement of the resection margin necessitates further interventions.[第一段]     

肾上腺髓质脂肪瘤16例超声与CT图像对比

目的探讨肾上腺髓质脂肪瘤的超声及CT诊断价值。方法回顾性分析16例肾上腺髓质脂肪瘤患者的超声、CT及临床资料，分析其声像图特点及超声、CT诊断的准确性。结果17个肾上腺髓质脂肪瘤病灶中，右侧10个，左侧5个．双侧1例。超声表现为均质型强回声11个，强回声区内分布低回声4个，囊实混合性回声1个，1个漏诊，彩色多普勒超声检查上述病灶内均未见明确血流信号。超声和增强CT诊断为肾上腺良性占位的敏感性均为94．1％，诊断为肾上腺髓质脂肪瘤的敏感性分别为23．5％、82．4％，增强CT诊断肾上腺髓质脂肪瘤敏感性明显高于超声（P〈0．05）。结论超声可作为筛选肾上腺髓质脂肪瘤的首选检查和随访观察方法，而增强CT对肾上腺髓质脂肪瘤的定性诊断十分有价值。     

丁咯地尔与脉络宁治疗脑梗死比较

目的：比较丁咯地尔与脉络宁治疗脑梗死的疗效。方法：６０例脑梗死病人,其中３０例采用丁咯地尔２００ｍｇ加入５％葡萄糖注射液５００ｍＬ,静脉滴注（静滴）,ｑｄ,１４ｄ为一个疗程。另３０例为对照组,采用脉络宁２０ｍＬ加入５％葡萄糖注射液５００ｍＬ,静滴,ｑｄ,１４ｄ为一个疗程。结果：丁咯地尔组总有效率８７％,显效率６３％。脉络宁组总有效率６４％,显效率３０％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。丁咯地尔对脑循环动力学有显著改善（Ｐ＜０．０１）。该药不良反应较少。结论：丁咯地尔治疗脑梗死的疗效优于脉络宁。     

The radiographic and ultrasonographic evaluation of enteric duplication cysts

The pattern of diagnostic evaluation of seven children with duplication cysts of the gastrointestinal tract (two with bronchopulmonary foregut malformations and five with mid or hindgut duplications) is presented. Each child had plain radiographs followed by ultrasonic scans and appropriate confirmatory radiographic studies with contrast. Scans showed a well defined cystic mass in each case. Radiographs were able to identify more precisely the site of origin of the duplication cyst.     

The infant with possible biliary atresia: Evaluation by ultrasound and nuclear medicine

Twenty-eight infants with jaundice were evaluated with ultrasound and radionuclide scans. Comparison of these studies with pathologic, surgical and clinical examinations demonstrated good correlation between ultrasonic and radionuclide studies. Ultrasound is an important preliminary study in the workup of such patients. Combined imaging provides the most information in a patient with suspected biliary atresia.     

多普勒超声检查在卵巢肿物诊断中的意义(附112例病例分析)

目的：了解多普勒超声在卵巢良恶性肿物中的鉴别诊断意义。方法：对照比较１１２例术前疑为卵巢肿物的多普勒超声图像特点与术后病理结果。结果：１１２例患者术后病理诊断良性肿物１１种８４例,恶性肿物８种２８例。良、恶性肿物的外周血流特点除平均得分外均无显著差异（Ｐ＞００５）。良、恶性肿物内的血流特点差异显著（Ｐ＜００５,Ｐ＜００１）。结论：卵巢肿物的外周血流特点无鉴别诊断意义。肿物的内部血流特点在鉴别良、恶性方面有一定的鉴别诊断意义。     

超声在急腹症中的应用

回顾１９９４～１９９７年２０１例急腹症患者的超声检查,并对漏误诊病例进行分析。得出超声诊断阳性率为８９％（１７９／２０１）,最后诊断符合率为９５％（１７０／１７９）。表明超声对急腹症的诊断不仅快捷、便利、无创、无明显禁忌,且对疾病（包括一些胃肠道疾病）的检出率及准确率均较高,不失为急腹症检查中首选方法之一。     

腔外型小肠平滑肌瘤的超声研究

目的：评价超声检查对腔外型小肠平滑肌瘤的临床意义。方法：采用Ａｌｏｋａ ＳＳＤ６３０和５００ 型超声显像仪检查了１２ 例腔外型小肠平滑肌瘤。结果：腔外型小肠平滑肌瘤在声像图上具有一定的特征性征象：（１）肿瘤大多数位于脐部;（２）体积较大,外形呈椭圆形或不规则形;（３）边缘清晰,但无包膜回声;（４）内部回声呈蜂窝状;（５）后方回声无衰减或增强效应;（６）用探头加压时,肿瘤无压缩性。此外,本文还提出了腔外型小肠平滑肌瘤与其他疾病相鉴别的依据。结论：超声检查对腔外型小肠平滑肌瘤的诊断具有重要的临床意义,因此是首选检查方法。