应用动态血压监测分析拉西地平的降压疗效

目的观察拉西地平的降压效应、耐受性、谷峰比值及不良反应.方法选择18例轻、中度原发性高血压患者,在服用安慰剂2周后,对随测舒张压在95～114-mmHg(1-mmHg＝0.133-kPa)的16名患者进行为期4周的药物治疗,给予拉西地平4-mg*d-1口服,治疗第2周末随测舒张压未能降至90-mmHg以下者,则剂量增至6-mg*d-1.于安慰剂导入期末和拉西地平治疗期末分别进行动态血压监测.结果服药后血压与用药前比较有显著下降.动态血压监测结果显示,治疗后总血压负荷、24-h、昼夜平均收缩压和舒张压均明显下降,收缩压和舒张压的谷峰比值均大于50%,心率在用药前后无明显变化.结论拉西地平治疗轻、中度原发性高血压有效、安全.     

心肌梗死伴高血压患者的冠状动脉病变特点

目的探讨心肌梗死合并高血压病的冠状动脉病变特点.方法用冠状动脉造影比较心肌梗死伴高血压病(68例)和心肌梗死血压正常(41例)患者的冠状动脉病变狭窄程度、病变数量及分布特征.结果心肌梗死伴高血压病者多支(双支、3支)血管病变多于心肌梗死血压正常者(P<0.05),重度狭窄、完全堵塞病变数亦较血压正常者多(P<0.05),而病变血管的分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论心肌梗死伴高血压病患者的冠状动脉病变范围广、病变程度重.     

单细胞凝胶电泳检测烹调油烟对淋巴细胞DNA的损伤作用

目的　研究烹调油烟对体外和体内小鼠淋巴细胞DNA损伤作用。方法　采用单细胞凝胶电泳 ,检测细胞DNA单链断裂 ,观察在不同剂量及浓度下的DNA损伤情况。结果　以 10、50、10 0及 2 0 0 μg/L的油烟颗粒有机提取物染毒小鼠淋巴细胞 ,各剂量组均可引起小鼠淋巴细胞DNA损伤。以 10、2 0、4 0mg/m3的烹调油烟染毒小鼠 ,也可引起小鼠体内淋巴细胞DNA损伤。烹调油烟引起的小鼠体外和体内淋巴细胞DNA损伤均存在剂量 -效应关系 ,且整体染毒显示存在时间 -效应关系。结论　一定剂量的烹调油烟能引起小鼠淋巴细胞DNA损伤     

基于“药辅合一”理念的Pickering乳技术提升儿科用药羚珠散中石菖蒲挥发油热稳定性的研究

目的 在“药辅合一”理念下导入Pickering乳技术,提升儿科用药羚珠散中石菖蒲挥发油的稳定性。方法 对羚珠散各饮片粉末进行初步表征,确定稳定剂。通过成乳量、包油量和乳剂形态筛选出最佳稳定剂质量浓度、油水比和制备方法。并使用近红外光谱（nearinfraredspectroscopy,NIRS）分析石菖蒲油在Pickering乳中的包裹状态。比较不同时间下各组别挥发油的保有量、丙二醛和过氧化物的含量。再通过GC-MS分析其中成分的变化趋势。结果 筛选出珍珠粉作为Pickering乳的稳定剂,珍珠粉质量浓度为65 mg/mL,油水比9∶11为最优成乳条件,高压均质法为最优的制备方法,NIRS分析可知石菖蒲挥发油被珍珠粉包裹,Pickering乳液中没有形成新的化学键。对比各组在不同时间段下石菖蒲油的保有率和其中丙二醛和过氧化物含量,可知40℃放置1、3、8 h的Pickering乳剂相比于石菖蒲挥发油组有更高的保有率和更低的氧化程度。GC-MS分析结果表明,相比于石菖蒲挥发油组,Pickering乳组挥发性成分的稳定性显著提高。结论 在“药辅合一”理念下Pickering乳可用于含油固...     

狐臭柴中精油GC-MS测定及其抑制肺癌细胞增殖的研究

目的 研究狐臭柴Premna puberula叶片精油的化学成分、含量、抗氧化、抑菌及抗肿瘤的能力,为狐臭柴开发利用提供一定的研究基础。方法 采用气相色谱-质谱（gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS）联用仪鉴定狐臭柴叶片精油的化学成分;以对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）和2,2′-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐（ABTS）自由基的清除能力,结合总还原力为指标评价精油的抗氧化活性;以抑菌圈法探究其对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞杆菌、白色念珠菌的抑制作用;采用细胞增殖/毒性检测试剂盒法（Cell Counting Kit-8,CCK-8）测定其对人肺癌A549细胞的抑制作用。结果 狐臭柴叶片精油中共鉴定出72种化合物,约占精油总成分的99.36%,其主要成分为左旋-β-蒎烯（15.27%）、1-辛烯-3-醇（14.46%）、蒎烯（14.29%）、1-石竹烯（6.26%）、α-石竹烯（4.47%）和芳樟醇（3.12%）。抗氧化实验结果表明,狐臭柴叶片精油具有较强的总还原力,且对DPPH及ABTS自由基的半数抑制...     

牛至挥发油对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞活性及免疫器官重量的影响

一定浓度的牛至挥发油(OVLVO)能显著提高Balb/c小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞(Mφ)形成EA和YC花环的能力,显著增强腹腔Mφ的吞噬作用,有明显的增加小鼠脾脏重量的作用,而对胸腺的重量则无显著的影响。表明OVLVO在一定浓度下不引起免疫器官萎缩并能显著提高小鼠腹腔Mφ的活性。提示OVLVO的抗感染作用与增强Mφ的功能有关。     

Capsaicin-like activity of some natural pungent substances on peripheral endings of visceral primary afferents

Summary 1. The effects of some naturally occurring pungent substances, piperine, mustard oil, eugenol and curcumin, were compared to those of capsaicin in the rat isolated urinary bladder. 2. All test compounds dose-dependently contracted the rat bladder and produced desensitization toward capsaicin (1 mol/l). Development of cross-tachyphylaxis among the natural pungent substances on one hand and capsaicin on the other, suggested a common site of action on visceral primary afferents. 3. Contractile responses to piperine, mustard oil and eugenol were partially tetrodotoxin and ruthenium red-sensitive, suggesting that activation of sensory terminals by these agents takes place indirectly, as well as by a direct action on sensory receptors. 4. The presence of the secondary acylamide linkage (present in the backbone of capsaicin, but not in that of test compounds) does not appear to be essential to produce desensitization of sensory nerve terminals. Send offprint requests to R. Patacchini at the above address     

The effect of ketoconazole and transdermal estradiol on serum sex steroid hormones levels

Summary In this randomized, open-label trial, 24 subjects were studied. There were 12 subjects with essential hypertension and 12 normotensive controls who received, after an initial control period, 48 h of treatment with a transdermal estradiol patch or ketoconazole tablets every 8 h for six doses, or in combination. LHRH (100 g) and ACTH (250 g) were given at 48 h of each treatment. Each treatment was one week apart.In both normotensive and hypertensive men ketoconazole reduced adrenal and gonadal androgens, raised 11-deoxycortisol and 17 -hydroxyprogesterone levels; blunted the rise of cortisol to ACTH and had no effect on the response of LH to LHRH. Transdermal estradiol raised serum estradiol levels, blunted the time to peak plasma concentration of LH to LHRH and produced a normal response to ACTH. Although baseline level of total and free testosterone and DHEA-S were lower in hypertensive men, the response of the pituitary (LH) to LHRH and adrenal axis with ACTH were similar in both normotensive and hypertensive men. Blood pressure was unaffacted by any of the treatment interventions in either normotensive or hypertensive men.Although ketoconazole or transdermal estradiol reduce androgens, there was no evidence that this reduction in androgens was involved with the short term regulation of blood pressure in hypertensive men.     

梅笠草提取物的抗炎及镇痛作用

[目的 ]探讨梅笠草提取物的抗炎及镇痛作用 .[方法 ]采用巴豆油所致小鼠耳壳肿胀的方法 ,测定耳片的肿胀度 ;用冰醋酸所致小鼠的扭体次数 ,测定小鼠的扭体反应次数 .[结果 ]梅笠草对巴豆油所致小鼠耳壳肿胀有抑制作用 ,与对照组相比有显著性差异 ;同时能减少冰醋酸所致小鼠的扭体次数 ,与对照组相比有显著性差异 .[结论 ]梅笠草提取物具有一定的抗急性炎症和抗镇痛作用