自动电位滴定法直接测定葡萄酒中游离SO2、总SO2

目的：建立自动电位滴定法直接测定葡萄酒中游离SO2、总SO2的方法。方法：采用直接取样滴定，电位的突跃取代了淀粉指示剂来判定滴定等当点，测定出葡萄酒中游离SO2、总SO2含量。结果：该方法的变异系数为0．53％～0．76％，游离SO2测定回收率为90．4％～99．4％，总SO2测定与国标法相对相差不超过1．0％。结论：自动电位滴定法无需蒸馏处理，滴定简单准确，自动化性能高，对有色溶液、浑浊以及没有适合指示剂的溶液均可直接滴定。     

盐酸尼非卡兰的有关物质及含量测定方法

 目的分别用HPLC和非水酸碱滴定法建立起盐酸尼非卡兰有关物质检查及含量测定的方法,为原料的质量控制提供有效的分析方法。方法采用岛津CLC-ODS(6mm×150mm,5μm)柱,流动相:乙腈-0.02mol·L^-1的磷酸二氢钾溶液(NaOH溶液调pH至5.0)=25∶75;检测波长:268nm;流速:1.0mL·min^-1;柱温:30℃。结果在选定的色谱条件下,盐酸尼非卡兰与7个有关物质分离完全;盐酸尼非卡兰在5～100mg·L^-1内,峰面积与浓度线性关系良好,r=0.9999;检测限为0.2ng。结论方法简便,准确,专属性强,可用于盐酸尼非卡兰的有关物质检查及含量测定。     

硫酸软骨素的制备及含量测定

本文介绍了由猪软骨制备硫酸软骨素（ＣｈｏｎｄｒｏｉｔｉｎＳｕｌｆａｔｅ,ＣｈＳ）的方法。该方法工艺简便,成本较低,产品ＣｈＳ含量在７０％左右,收率为１４％（以骨粉计）。探讨了配位滴定法的准确度,并用该法测定了ＣｈＳ的含量。     

An open multicentre pilot study examining the safety,efficacy and tolerability of fast titrated (800 mg/day by day 4) quetiapine in the treatment of schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder

Objective. Rapid dose escalation of quetiapine could offer prompt and effective therapy to patients requiring hospitalization for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. This study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of a rapid dose escalation of quetiapine to 800 mg/day over 4 days in patients with severe psychotic symptoms diagnosed as schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Methods. In this open-label, multicenter, pilot study, 14 patients aged 18 years or older, requiring hospitalization for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, received quetiapine orally twice daily for 14 days. Quetiapine was administered according to the schedule: 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg/day on the first four treatment days, followed by flexible dosing within the range 400–800 mg/day during the next 10 days. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a fast titration of quetiapine (200, 400, 600, 800 mg/day on the first four treatment days). Effectiveness of a fast titration of quetiapine was the secondary objective of this investigation. Efficacy assessments in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population included changes in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Clinical Global Impression Severity of Illness (CGI-S) scores from Day 1 (baseline) to Day 14. Results. In 4 days 14 patients were titrated up to a dose of 800 mg/day. Ten patients were diagnosed with schizophrenia, one subject was suffering from schizoaffective disorder of the depressive type and three patients were diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder of the bipolar type. Eleven patients (79%) completed the study. Two patients discontinued the trial because of non-compliance and one patient because of a prolonged QTcB interval. Overall, 29 AEs were reported during this trial, all were considered mild or moderate in severity. During the first 7 days of the trial, 25 AEs were reported in 11 patients. The majority of AEs were considered as possibly related to the study medication. No deaths or serious adverse events were reported. Physical examination at the last trial visit revealed no clinically relevant changes versus baseline and there were no consistent changes over time in vital signs. The BARS and SAS scores indicated an improvement of EPS during the study. After 4 days of fast titration, the mean total PANSS score decreased from 92.8 at baseline to a value of 87.4, there was a further decrease to 78.2 at endpoint. This corresponds to a statistically significant decrease by 14.6 versus baseline (P<0.01). After 4 days of fast titration, the mean CGI-S score was improved from 4.7 at baseline to a value of 4.3 and improved further to 3.8 at endpoint, corresponding to a statistically significant decrease of 0.9 points versus baseline (P<0.01). Conclusion. In this study, fast titration of quetiapine to 800 mg/day over 4 days was generally well tolerated and effective in reducing psychotic symptoms in patients requiring hospitalization for schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder.     

A comparison of three methods for titration of poliovirus vaccines

Two methods for in vitro endpoint titration of poliovirus — the roller tube and the microtitration assay — were compared with each other and with the plaque assay, using secondary vervet monkey kidney cells and Vero cells as indicators. The roller tube method is the most reliable under difficult working conditions, but is otherwise cumbersome and expensive. The microtitre method is the most economical and the plaque assay the most sensitive. By suspending freshly trypsinized indicator cells with the virus dilutions before planting, it was possible to simplify the microtitre method considerably. The sensitivity of the plaque assay was improved for Vero cells by absorbing the virus onto freshly planted monolayers. The method was scaled down to a semi-micro level by using 24-well cell culture trays. The slower rate of plaque development under a low calcium overlay medium facilitated a more accurate plaque count.     

盐酸羟考酮缓释片和盐酸吗啡片滴定治疗癌痛患者的有效性和安全性

目的分析盐酸羟考酮缓释片和盐酸吗啡片滴定治疗癌痛患者的有效性和安全性。方法选择2017年1月至2018年1月我科的64例癌痛患者为研究对象,采用随机数字法将其分为单药治疗组和联合治疗组,各32例。给予单药治疗组单用盐酸羟考酮缓释片治疗,给予联合治疗组盐酸羟考酮缓释片联合盐酸吗啡片滴定治疗。比较两组患者治疗前、后ECOG-PS评分、KPS评分、SF-MPQ评分、ES评分以及不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后,两组患者的ECOG-PS、SF-MPQ及ES评分均较治疗前降低,KPS评分均较治疗前升高,且联合治疗组均优于单药治疗组(P<0.05)。联合治疗组的恶心、呕吐、口干、便秘、厌食、头晕、嗜睡乏力、皮肤过敏、尿潴留发生率均明显低于单药治疗组(P<0.05)。结论相比单用盐酸羟考酮缓释片治疗,应用盐酸羟考酮缓释片联合盐酸吗啡片滴定治疗能够明显缓解癌痛症状,且不良反应发生率较低,值得临床推广应用。     

正交试验法优选半夏有效部位的提取工艺

目的:研究半夏药材中总游离有机酸的最佳提取条件.方法:以电位滴定法为含量测定方法,采用重复-正交试验法,选择乙醇浓度(A)、提取时间(B)、溶剂量(C)、提取次数(D)4个因素,每个因素选取3个水平进行试验,最后确定提取工艺.结果:因素A、B、C、D均对总游离有机酸的含量有极显著的影响.结论:10倍量75%乙醇,加热回流提取2次,每次1 h为半夏中总游离有机酸的最佳提取条件.     

吗啡皮下注射联合芬太尼透皮贴治疗中重度癌痛患者的并发症及其护理

目的探讨吗啡皮下注射联合芬太尼透皮贴治疗中重度癌痛患者的并发症及其护理。方法选取2010年5月至2011年5月在浙江省肿瘤医院治疗的30例中重度癌痛且口服缓释吗啡耐药患者,采用盐酸吗啡皮下注射,待患者疼痛稳定后将24h所需的盐酸吗啡总量转换成芬太尼透皮贴剂用量,长期维持使用,观察其并发症并给予对症处理。结果本组29例患者疼痛控制良好,1例患者疼痛控制失败。药物不良反应有便秘、恶心、呕吐、头晕、嗜睡、排便困难等,通过精心护理后缓解。结论吗啡皮下注射后芬太尼透皮贴剂长期使用能有效控制疼痛。治疗过程中应加强对早期不良反应的观察及处理,以避免严重并发症的发生。     

三种方法检验盐酸左旋咪唑片剂含量的方法比较

目的 筛选比较各国药典中盐酸左旋咪唑片含量测定方法的优异.方法 利用重现实验和回收实验重点考查<中国药典>和<印度药典>所采用的高氯酸非水滴定方法和<美国药典>采用的高效液相梯度洗脱方法.结果 <中国药典>方法回收率为100.09%(RSD=3.66%);<印度药典>方法回收率为96.13%(RSD=0.86%);<...     

pH滴定法测定羟乙膦酸钠的含量

本文采用ｐＨ滴定法,以ｐＨ５．０为起始ｐＨ,ｐＨ８．２为终点指示ｐＨ,用ＮａＯＨ直接滴定,测定了羟乙膦酸钠的含量。该方法简便、准确快速,平均回收率为１００．７２％,ＲＳＤ为０．２２％（ｎ＝６）。