Treatment of idiopathic prurigo nodularis in Taiwanese patients with low-dose thalidomide

Prurigo nodularis is an intensely pruritic dermatosis characterized by lichenified and excoriated papules and nodules. The course of prurigo nodularis is often chronic, and some patients respond very poorly to the standard therapeutic modalities. Because the pathogenesis of this disease remains obscure, the treatment of prurigo nodularis can be disappointing and frustrating for both the patients and physicians. Thalidomide, a tumor necrosis factor-alpha antagonist, has been suggested as an alternative treatment option for recalcitrant prurigo nodularis. In the past, the regimen for treatment of prurigo nodularis often required thalidomide at 200 mg/day. We recruited patients with intractable prurigo nodularis and treated them with low-dose thalidomide. Six patients with idiopathic prurigo nodularis were successfully treated with low-dose thalidomide (50-100 mg/day) without clinical development of peripheral neuropathy. In summary, our preliminary results suggest that low-dose thalidomide may be a safe and effective treatment option for patients with recalcitrant idiopathic prurigo nodularis.     

沙利度胺及氨甲蝶呤抗CIA大鼠滑膜血管新生及其作用机制的研究

目的研究沙利度胺、氨甲蝶呤对大鼠Ⅱ型胶原诱导型关节炎血管新生的影响及相关的机制。方法建立类风湿性关节炎大鼠模型.自造模次日治疗组分别给予沙利度胺、甲氨蝶呤和沙利度胺联合甲氨蝶呤治疗,在第6周取膝关节应用免疫组化检测其滑膜的微血管密度(MVD),取血清进行Western Blot检测大鼠体内血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)、基质金属蛋白酶-1、2、3、9的表达并计算相对含量。结果①免疫组织化学染色显示沙利度胺、氨甲蝶呤和沙利度胺联合氨甲蝶呤治疗模型大鼠可使关节滑膜中新生血管数量明显减少.微血管密度(MVD)明显降低(P<0.05).以沙利度胺联合氨甲蝶呤组作用最强。②沙利度胺、氨甲蝶呤和沙利度胺联合氨甲蝶呤可抑制VEGF、MMP-1、2、3、9表达(P均<0.05)。结论沙利度胺和氨甲蝶呤可能通过抑制VEGF,MMP-1、2、3、9的表达而发挥抗滑膜血管新生的作用,且两者有协同作用。     

沙利度胺治疗恶性肿瘤的研究进展

沙利度胺早期作为一种非巴比妥类镇静剂用于早孕反应的治疗,但由于严重的致畸作用而被禁用。随后的研究发现,沙利度胺具有抑制肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）作用,1998年美国FDA批准其用于麻风病结节性红斑的治疗。近年来研究发现,沙利度胺具有抗血管生成及调节免疫等作用。目前,沙利度胺已经成为复发和难治性骨髓瘤标准治疗的一部分,和其他药物联合应用对其他实体肿瘤如神经胶质细胞瘤、前列腺癌、肾癌、恶性黑色素瘤和肺癌等的治疗显示一定效果,但其作用机制尚不完全明了。     

白桦脂酸联合沙利度胺诱导U266细胞凋亡机制研究

目的：探讨白桦脂酸联合沙利度胺诱导多发性骨髓瘤（ MM）U266细胞凋亡的机制。方法：分别用白桦脂酸（20、40、60和80 mg/L,白桦脂酸组）、沙利度胺（10、50和100 mg/L,沙利度胺组）及白桦脂酸（40 mg/L）联合沙利度胺（联合组,白桦脂酸40 mg/L,沙利度胺10、50和100 mg/L）分别处理U266细胞,同期设对照组;MTT法和流式细胞术分别检测不同浓度白桦脂酸组、沙利度胺组及联合组U266细胞增殖抑制率和凋亡率;Real-time PCR检测4组U266细胞中Survivin、Cyto-C、Bcl-2、Bax mRNA的表达,蛋白免疫印迹法检测4组U266细胞中Survivin、Cyto-C、Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达水平。结果：随着白桦脂酸浓度的增加,U266细胞增殖抑制率增加,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）,最适浓度为40 mg/L;与沙利度胺组相比,联合组U266细胞的增殖抑制率和凋亡率明显升高,差异具有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）;与沙利度胺组或白桦脂酸组相比,联合组 U266细胞中Survivin、Bcl-2 mRNA的表达明显降低,Cyto-C和Bax mRNA表达明显升高,差异具有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）;与沙利度胺、白桦脂酸组相比,联合组U266细胞中Survivin、Bcl-2蛋白表达明显降低,Cyto-C和Bax蛋白表达明显升高,差异具有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。结论：白桦脂酸联合沙利度胺可以促进多发性骨髓瘤U266细胞凋亡,其机制可能与凋亡分子Survivin、Bcl-2、Cyto-c和Bax相关。     

卡瑞利珠单抗联合沙利度胺治疗晚期肝细胞癌的疗效及安全性

目的:评估卡瑞利珠单抗联合沙利度胺在晚期肝细胞癌患者中的疗效和安全性。方法:收集2019年7月至2020年7月既往全身治疗进展或不耐受的晚期肝细胞癌患者24例,给予卡瑞利珠单抗200 mg静脉滴注,每3周给药1次;沙利度胺100 mg起始,1周后增至200 mg,每晚1次口服。评价疗效及安全性。结果:共24例患者纳入研究,其中1例完全缓解,8例部分缓解,9例疾病稳定,4例疾病进展,客观缓解率为37.5%（9/24）,疾病控制率为75.0%（18/24）。2例患者在随访期间死亡,死亡原因为疾病进展导致的多器官衰竭,中位PFS为6.5个月（95%CI,5.15~7.85）。最常见的不良反应是反应性皮肤毛细血管增生症（41.7%）、血小板减少（33.4%）、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶升高（25.0%）、白细胞减少（20.8%）和转氨酶升高（29.2%）,1例3级血小板减少事件,2例3级转氨酶升高事件,未发现4级及以上的不良反应。结论:卡瑞利珠单抗联合沙利度胺在晚期肝细胞癌患者中显示出一定的疗效和可控的安全性。对于既往全身治疗进展或不耐受的晚期肝细胞癌患者来说,这可能代表了一种新的治疗选择。     

A Quarter Century of Thalidomide Embryopathy*

Abstract Some 137 patients with thalidomide embryopathy have been registered. Of them, 65 were male and 72 female. The age of patients who had a medical examination from 1976 to 1983, ranged from 7 to 22 years. The mean age was 17.0 ± 2.3 (mean ± SD) years. The number of hearing impairments were 35 (25.6%), limb defects were 55 (40.1%) and combined defects were 47 (34.3%). In order to determine the mutual relationships of 34 abnormal symptoms, the correlation coefficient was calculated, and cluster analysis was carried out by utilizing the result. There was a strong inverse correlation between deformities and hearing impairments. The 34 symptoms were divided into three groups. In the first group 11 symptoms were included, but there was little mutual relationship. Fifteen symptoms belonged to the second group, which evidenced strong mutual relationships. The 8 symptoms belonging to the third group were central to all of the symptoms.     

Thalidomide delayed the ability of 4T1 cells to amass into tumors in Balb/c mice

Thalidomide (Thal) can suppress the growth of established, as well as explanted tumors in mice. We wanted to determine if it could suppress the ability of tumor cells to assemble and establish a primary tumor at the injection site. Using the mouse 4T1 mammary tumor model, we fed Thal to mice for 4 days, then injected 10⁵ 4T1 cells into the interscapular region of Balb/c mice. After 20 days on treatment with Thal, all seven control mice, fed with meal had tumors ranging from 3 to 93?mm³ (median 20). Two of the eight mice fed with meal + Thal had no tumors, and the remaining mice had tumors ranging from 2 to 22?mm³ (median 5). The median volume of the tumors in the control group was significantly more than that of mice treated with Thal (p?=?0.03, Mann–Whitney test). In vitro treatment of the 4T1cells with Thal did not inhibit their ability to proliferate, to adhere to plastic, or to bind to Concanavalin-A. Thal caused a marked reduction in the ability of the 4T1 cells to assemble into palpable tumors.