A healthcare staff decision model considering the effects of staff cross‐training

In this study a staff planning model for a health service clinic has been developed and validated using an example case of a health service clinic. The primary purpose of this research is to develop a representative staff planning model which balances the cost and benefits of staff task flexibility through crosstraining for a healthcare facility. Additionally, legal requirements for task substitution in the healthcare industry have been considered in the model.     

Pilot study of a visitor volunteer programme for community elderly people receiving home health care

There is a need to evaluate community support programmes for elderly people. In this randomized control trial (RCT), we determined the effectiveness of 'friendly visitors' in a volunteer programme of a visiting nurses organization in Southern Ontario, Canada. The Volunteer Friendly Visitor Programme was developed to support elderly people receiving homemaking and nursing care in the community. Volunteers are screened, trained, interviewed and matched to homebound elderly clients for general interest, visit expectations and personality. Volunteers spend three to four hours on average per week with clients socializing in mutually agreed-upon ways. The nursing staff identified clients who were lonely for this additional support. These newly-referred clients were randomly allocated to receive a friendly visitor or not for six weeks. Those receiving the volunteer visitor improved in life satisfaction and two social support measures: worth and social integration. Thus, the addition of volunteer visitors to planned homemaking and nursing care made a difference for elderly in the community.     

病人图书馆是医院图书服务的新领域

建立病人图书馆,以“图书治疗”、“图书护理”为患者提供服务,是现代医学模式转变的需要。国外病人图书馆的发展对病人治疗康复已起到了积极的作用。我国应根据国情建立不同模式的病人图书馆,为患者提供多种多样的服务。     

社区健康服务试点地区孕产期保健服务现状分析

社区健康服务项目试点城市１２００名学龄前儿童母亲的孕产期保健情况调查结果：早孕检查率为６２．０％,产前检查率为９６．９％,产前检查次数≥８次占５７．２％,住院分娩率为９７．５％,产后访视≥３次占３０．３％,４个月婴儿纯母乳喂养率为６１．０％,孕产期母乳喂养健康教育覆盖率为４６．９％,孕期营养指导率为５８．７％,同时对影响产前检查次数的因素进行了分析。结果提示：试点地区在保持和提高孕产期服务覆盖率的同时,应重点规范产前检查和产后访视内容,提高服务质量;应加强孕产期健康教育,提高母乳喂养率;在经济文化条件有限的情况下,探索适宜的孕产期服务方式,为群众提供优质便利且经济上可承受的保健服务     

对我国卫生资源配置和使用几个深层次问题的思索

我国卫生资源既贫乏又浪费已成为业内人士的共识,但又是一个困扰我国卫生事业发展的实际而又紧迫的问题,这个问题解决不好,就会人为无谓地降低我国卫生事业的公益性和福利性的“含金量”。,作者认为：要使我国有限的生效充分而合理利用,就要立足于我国的基本国情,在确保市场的微观调节的前提下,必须运用政府的宏观调控行为和政策指导手段,尽可能为管理体制的改革扫描障碍和给予法制保障。     

从部分贫困县住院分娩资料分析看农村地区围产保健对策

利用１９９６年在四川省和陕西省４个卫－Ⅵ项目县县乡两级医院,采用前瞻性研究方法收集的住院分娩资料,着重分析了产科床位使用率、产科接生工作负荷、产妇住院天数、剖腹产比例。结果显示：产科床位使用率不高,绝大多数医院都有５０％以上的产科床位日没有利用;接生工作负荷亦不高,各医院从事接生人员的１周平均接生数在０．５￣２．６之间;在一些乡卫生院产妇住院时间短,５０％以上的产妇住院不满１天;陕西的两县剖腹产比     

Detection of contamination with antineoplastic agents in a hospital pharmacy department

The contamination with fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide and methotrexate was studied in a hospital pharmacy department where these drugs were prepared. In the preparation room, air samples were taken before and during preparation of the drugs. Methotrexate was detected in one sample which was collected during preparation (0.3g/m³). Spot samples were taken in the vertical laminar airflow safety hood before and after preparation of the drugs and after cleaning of the hood. Contamination of the laminar airflow hood was: cyclophosphamide: 1–160 ng/cm²; fluorouracil: 10–62 ng/cm² and methotrexate: 2–633 ng/cm². Spot samples from the floor in front of and beneath the laminar airflow hood showed contamination with especially fluorouracil (48–236g/m²). The gloves used during preparation of the drugs were contaminated mainly with fluorouracil (5–980 ng/cm²). Urine samples from two workers involved in the preparation of the drugs were analysed for unmetabolized cyclophosphamide; it was not detected. Although no uptake of cyclophosphamide was established, it is shown that the methods for measurement of cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil and methotrexate in the preparation room are applicable for the control of occupational exposure to these drugs.     

医院药事管理在临床药学服务中的作用

随着医院药学由传统药品供应保障型向临床药学技术服务型的转变，建立以合理用药为中心的临床药学服务体系成为医院药学发展的趋势，药事管理对于临床药学的支持作用日趋重要，它为临床药学工作的开展提供条件，是医院药学中不可或缺的重要环节。     

14份小儿肾穿组织远程邮寄病理检查

目的 研究小儿肾穿组织远程邮寄病理检查的实用性。方法 采用特制的肾穿组织固定邮寄盒进行肾穿标本远程病理检验，对邮寄及出报告时间、邮寄盒状态、肾组织光镜、电镜与免疫酶染色结果、诊断满意率等进行分析。结果 共送14份小儿肾穿光镜及电镜标本。邮寄盒无渗漏和变形，报告时间6～8d，肾组织光镜图像优良，免疫酶染色结果稳定。结论 该邮寄盒实用、可行，大大促进了小儿肾穿工作的开展。     

医院质量管理模式的选择

目前医院质量管理模式基本上可以分为两大类：产品生产模式和患者满意模式，二者各有其优势和局限性。我们在借鏊这两种医院质量管理模式的基础上，针对医疗服务特点，提出了更加适合医院质量管理的新模式-交互模式，并对医院质量管理交互模式的实施要点进行了探讨。