2012～2014年无偿献血者抗-HCV筛查结果分析

目的了解盐城地区献血者丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染情况。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测献血者抗-HCV,用荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测HCV RNA。结果盐城地区献血者抗-HCV阳性率为0.07%(109/163 782);109例抗-HCV阳性者中,80例为单试剂阳性,29例为双试剂阳性;初次献血者抗-HCV阳性80例,重复献血者抗-HCV阳性29例;符合核酸检测要求的72例单试剂抗-HCV阳性者均为HCV RNA阴性。结论盐城地区献血者抗-HCV阳性率低于普通人群,近三年献血者抗-HCV阳性率没有变化,抗-HCV单试剂阳性者核酸检测均为阴性。     

A clinical screening protocol for the RSVP Keyboard brain–computer interface

Purpose: To propose a screening protocol that identifies requisite sensory, motor, cognitive and communication skills for people with locked-in syndrome (PLIS) to use the RSVP Keyboard? brain–computer interface (BCI). Method: A multidisciplinary clinical team of seven individuals representing five disciplines identified requisite skills for the BCI RSVP Keyboard?. They chose questions and subtests from existing standardized instruments for auditory comprehension, reading and spelling, modified them to accommodate nonverbal response modalities, and developed novel tasks to screen visual perception, sustained visual attention and working memory. Questions were included about sensory skills, positioning, pain interference and medications. The result is a compilation of questions, adapted subtests and original tasks designed for this new BCI system. It was administered to 12 PLIS and 6 healthy controls. Results: Administration required 1?h or less. Yes/no choices and eye gaze were adequate response modes for PLIS. Healthy controls and 9 PLIS were 100% accurate on all tasks; 3 PLIS missed single items. Conclusions: The RSVP BCI screening protocol is a brief, repeatable technique for patients with different levels of LIS to identify the presence/absence of skills for BCI use. Widespread adoption of screening methods should be a clinical goal and will help standardize BCI implementation for research and intervention.

• Implications for Rehabilitation

• People with locked-in syndrome must have certain sensory, motor, cognitive and communication skills to successfully use a brain–computer interface (BCI) for communication.

• A screening profile would be useful in identifying potentially suitable candidates for BCI.

     

Prostate carcinoma in liver transplant recipients: Think about it!

ObjectivesTo analyze retrospectively our series of prostate cancer (PC) in liver transplant recipients (LTRs) given an increase in frequency in an aging recipient population when no studies were reported in literature.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of LTRs in a single institution. After liver transplantation, all patients were followed up in our institution with an annual digital rectal examination by a urologist and prostate-specific antigen measurement after the age of 50 years.ResultsBetween 1995 and 2013, among 361 male LTRs, 12 (3.3%) had PC. The mean age at diagnosis was 62.8 years, and the time lapse between liver transplantation and diagnosis was 55.7 months. The median initial prostate-specific antigen level was 7.4 ng/ml. In total, 9 patients underwent radical prostatectomy. Histological findings showed 5 pT2 and 4 pT3 cancers. A patient showed invasion in the lymph nodes and was treated with hormonotherapy. Another patient had a biochemical recurrence at 10 months and underwent salvage radiotherapy. After 32.9 months of follow-up, no other patients showed any recurrence. Moreover, 1 patient was treated by radiohormonotherapy for high-risk PC with no recurrence at 65 months, and 1 patient was treated with high-intensity focal ultrasound. There was 1 patient with metastatic disease who received hormonotherapy and died 5 months after diagnosis.ConclusionOur incidence of intermediate- and high-risk PCs in LTRs was slightly higher than in the general population. In the absence of any recommendations, individual screening should be proposed to LTRs. The treatment of choice remains surgery or radiotherapy to ensure a good carcinologic control.     

六安地区健康成人超敏Ｃ反应蛋白参考区间研究

目的：建立六安地区成人超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）的参考区间。方法按照CLSI文件C28-A3《临床实验室如何确定和建立生物参考区间》要求,于2014年1～8月筛选前来六安市第二人民医院进行健康体检者137名,采用颗粒增强免疫透射比浊法测定血清hs-CRP浓度。结果去除3例离群值后,134例六安地区健康成人血清hs-CRP明显呈偏态分布,经对数转换,男女之间无组间差别（Z＜Z*）,参考上限为2.0664 mg／L。结论本研究为六安地区健康成人血清hs-CRP参考区间的建立提供了科学依据。