Interferon-β inhibits proliferation and progression through S phase of the cell cycle in five glioma cell lines

Summary The growth inhibitory effect of IFN- was evaluated in 5 human glioma cell lines (AO2V4, GJC, GJR, NN and NNR) and in normal astrocyte cultures (SC and TM). All 5 glioma cell lines showed an anti-proliferative response to IFN- whereas normal glial cells were non-responsive. IFN- at 10, 100 and 500 U/ml lead to a 30%,70% and 80% relative decrease in cell number after 12 days, respectively in AO2V4 cells. GJC and GJR cell lines also responded significantly to the lowest concentration of IFN- tested and at 500 U/ml the relative cell number decreased 55%. The NN and NNR cells were the least responsive to IFN- with maximum growth inhibition of 30% at 500 U IFN-/ml. Following treatment with IFN-, AO2V4, GJC, GJR and normal astrocytes all expressed mRNA encoding the anti-viral protein, 2-5A synthetase demonstrating that IFN- bound to receptors on all four cell lines and activated signal transduction pathways required for induction of an anti-viral protein. A determination of the relative number of viable cells showed that none of these cells exhibited a significant decrease in cell viability. Since the antiproliferative response to IFN- was not primarily due to cell death, the effect of IFN- on cell cycle progression was evaluated by flow cytometry. All treated glioma cell lines showed a relative increase in proportion of cells in S phase. AO2V4 cells had a 50%–80% increase in the percentage of cells in S phase, whereas GJC, GJR and NNR had percentage increases of 20%–40%. IFN- treatment of normal astrocytes did not significantly alter their cell cycle profile. These data suggest that IFN- exerts its antiproliferative effect on glioma cells by arresting the ordered progression through S phase or decreasing entry into G₂/M phase of the cell cycle.     

Surgical management of recurring or metastatic thyroid cancer

The surgical oncologist is sometimes confronted with a patient who was surgically treated for cancer of the thyroid gland and now has recurrent disease. In most instances, additional surgical treatment is indicated. The magnitude of surgery is primarily determined by the amount of tissue removed at the original operation. Surgery for recurrent disease may include completion of total thyroidectomy with dissection of lymphatic tissues in the thyroid compartment or/and neck dissection, preferably modified. Several clinical situations are outlined and discussed.     

Lithium carbonate in prophylaxis of reappearing catatonic stupor: case report

The case of a patient with reappearing stupor, accompanied by auditory hallucinations and persecutory ideas during the periods and not with alternating excitement, is reported. After 24 years of neuroleptics medication with little effect, the lithium carbonate regimen was started, which showed a remarkable prophylactic effect. The implications of lithium carbonate treatment for recurrent psychosis are discussed.     

复发性卵巢恶性肿瘤的临床分析

目的探讨卵巢癌复发的可能相关因素及治疗方法.方法卵巢癌患者101例,分为复发组36例及对照组65例,比较两组患者孕产史、肿瘤及妇科肿瘤家族史、腹水细胞学阳性率及手术时淋巴结清扫有无显著性差异.结果复发组与对照组平均妊娠次数、生育次数及手术时淋巴结清扫等两组比较差异无显著性;而两组比较妇科肿瘤家族史16.7%(6/36)和4.6%(3/65)P<0.05;两组Ⅰ～Ⅱ期患者腹水细胞学阳性率80.0%(4/5)和26.3%(5/19),P<0.01,两组比较差异有显著性.结论卵巢癌患者的妇科肿瘤家族史及腹水细胞学阳性率与卵巢癌的复发有一定的相关性,而手术范围是否包括淋巴结清扫与肿瘤复发无关.     

自体角膜缘移植术治疗复发性翼状胬肉疗效观察

目的　观察自体角膜缘移植术治疗复发性翼状胬肉的疗效。方法　对 10例 (10眼 )复发性翼状胬肉患者施行患眼健侧带结膜的自体角膜缘移植术。结果　随访 6～ 12个月 ,10例患者角膜移植片均透明光滑 ,愈合良好 ,无一例复发。结论　自体角膜缘移植术治疗复发性翼状胬肉有效、安全、简便。     

复发鼻咽癌三维适形放射治疗的计划与剂量的优化

目的：通过对鼻咽癌放疗后不同复发部位治疗计划的优化及剂量分析初步探讨三维适形放射治疗应用于复发鼻咽癌的可行性。方法：分别作复发于茎突后区、海绵窦及大病灶复发的三维适形放射治疗计划，比较不同计划在靶区剂量覆盖及正常组织保护方面的差异。结果：三维适形放射治疗使靶区剂量明显提高。复发于茎突后区、海绵窦、大病灶复发的计划，脑干、脊髓等正常组织都能够在耐受量范围之内。结论：三维适形放射治疗复发鼻咽癌，①对不累及颅底或离重要器官尚有少许距离的病灶能够在很好保护正常组织的前提下明显提高肿瘤靶区的剂量。②对累及颅底、海绵窦、颅内病灶也能有很好的肿瘤靶区剂量分布，但建议采用常规分割，靶区体积不宜过大。     

婴幼儿期反复呼吸道感染与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的关系

目的探讨婴幼儿期反复呼吸道感染与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的关系。方法选自2004年6月至2005年5月，本院儿科门诊及住院患者中，年龄≤3岁，符合反复呼吸道感染诊断标准的患者共53例作为观察组，同时选取同期年龄分布与观察组无差别的非反复呼吸道感染患者共86例，作为对照组，作临床评估及BAIP检查，必要时作腕骨X线摄片检查。依据病史，临床表现，结合BALP，判定有无佝偻病及是否为维生素D缺乏亚临床状态。结果观察组中佝偻病患病率明显高于对照组，维生素D缺乏亚临床状态发生率高于对照组，差异有显著性（X^2=15．0315，P〈0．01）。结论婴幼儿期反复呼吸道感染，与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病及维生素D缺乏亚临床状态有关，对于婴幼儿期反复呼吸道感染的患者，在诊治过程中应注意佝偻病的防治。     

转录因子T-bet/GATA-3在复发性口疮患者免疫失衡中的作用

目的:探讨复发性口疮(RAU)患者免疫失衡中,T细胞特异转录因子T-bet和GATA-3的失衡表达。方法:密度梯度离心法分离RAU患者和对照组外周血单个核细胞,用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)测定法和Westernblot法分别检测RAU患者和对照组外周血单个核细胞中T-bet和GATA-3基因和蛋白的表达。结果:对照组和RAU患者外周血单个核细胞中,T-betmRNA表达分别为(0.73±0.14)和(0.12±0.04),T-bet蛋白表达分别为(0.73±0.18)和(0.24±0.09),两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);对照组和RAU患者外周血单个核细胞中,GATA-3mRNA表达分别为(0.89±0.11)和(1.30±0.13),GATA-3蛋白分别为(1.09±0.16)和(1.80±0.16),两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);对照组T-bet/GATA-3mRNA表达量的比值(0.82±0.12),明显高于RAU组(0.09±0.03,P<0.01),对照组T-bet/GATA-3蛋白表达量的比值(0.75±0.13),高于RAU组(0.13±0.05)(P<0.01)。结论:失衡表达的转录因子T-bet/GATA-3在RAU免疫失衡中可能起重要作用。     

Randomized phase II trial of carboplatin versus paclitaxel and carboplatin in platinum-sensitive recurrent advanced ovarian carcinoma: a GEICO (Grupo Espanol de Investigacion en Cancer de Ovario) study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine whether the response rate for the paclitaxel-carboplatin combination is superior to carboplatin alone in the treatment of patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with recurrent ovarian carcinoma, 6 months after treatment with a platinum-based regimen and with no more than two previous chemotherapy lines, were randomized to receive carboplatin area under the curve (AUC) 5 (arm A) or paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) + carboplatin AUC 5 (arm B). The primary end point was objective response, following a 'pick up the winner' design. Secondary end points included time to progression (TTP), overall survival, tolerability and quality of life (QoL). RESULTS: Eighty-one patients were randomized and included in the intention-to-treat analysis. The response rate in arm B was 75.6% [26.8% complete response (CR) + 48.8% partial response (PR)] [95% confidence interval (CI) 59.7% to 87.6%] and 50% in arm A (20% CR + 30% PR) (95% CI 33.8% to 66.2%). No significant differences were observed in grade 3-4 hematological toxicity. Conversely, mucositis, myalgia/arthralgia and peripheral neurophaty were more frequent in arm B. Median TTP was 49.1 weeks in arm B (95% CI 36.9-61.3) and 33.7 weeks in arm A (95% CI 25.8-41.5). No significant differences were found in the QoL analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Paclitaxel-carboplatin combination is a tolerable regimen with a higher response rate than carboplatin monotherapy in platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian carcinoma.