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211.
In August 1988 a Swedish schoolbus with 23 children and 11 adult passengers crashed into a tunnel wall in Norway. Twelve children and four parents died, 18 of the passengers survived. The victims' relatives (parents, spouses, siblings, and others) were transported to Norway and given a confronting support program at the University hospital in Bergen. The crisis intervention program is described: how the relatives were helped to confront and actively cope with some of the stressful situations from which traumatized families very often are protected. One year later 42 of the relatives answered a questionnaire evaluating the confronting support program that was offered during their stay in Norway. A majority of the respondents did not regret their participation in the program. The answers indicate that passivity and helplessness can be counteracted through a combination of confrontation with reality and emotional support.The study has received financial support from Skandia Insurance Co. (Sweden), Haukeland University Hospital and Norwegian Research Council for Science and the Humanities (377.92/021). 相似文献
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213.
A psychosocial profile was developed of 122 pregnant adolescents attending a public hospital antenatal clinic in a large regional Australian area. Participants completed the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the Support Behaviours Inventory and were interviewed to obtain psychosocial and demographic information. Results revealed that those who were most likely to have either or a combination of poor self-esteem, lack of social support, be unemployed or smoke, were more likely to be living alone or with friends, not have a partner or have a partner for a shorter period, have a partner who was older, have previous children, have not planned their pregnancy and have less education. The degree of social support was significantly associated with self-esteem. Over half of the sample smoked, and over half were unemployed. These results underscore the importance of addressing psychosocial factors in the implementation of care for the pregnant adolescent. 相似文献
214.
Boyd Swinburn M.D. FRACP Garry Egger Ph.D. M.P.H. Fezeela Raza M.A. 《Preventive medicine》1999,29(6):563
Background. The “obesogenicity” of modern environments is fueling the obesity pandemic. We describe a framework, known as ANGELO (analysis grid for environments linked to obesity), which is a conceptual model for understanding the obesogenicity of environments and a practical tool for prioritizing environmental elements for research and intervention.Methods: Development of the ANGELO framework. The basic framework is a 2 × 4 grid which dissects the environment into environmental size (micro and macro) by type: physical (what is available), economic (what are the costs), political (what are the “rules”), and sociocultural (what are the attitudes and beliefs). Within this grid, the elements which influence food intake and physical activity are characterized as obe sogenic or “leptogenic” (promoting leanness).Results: Application of the ANGELO framework. The ANGELO framework has been piloted at the population level (island communities) to prioritize the settings/sectors for intervention and at the setting level (fast food outlets) to prioritize research needs and interventions. Environmental elements were prioritized by rating their validity (evidence of impact), relevance (to the local context), and potential changeability.Conclusions. The ANGELO framework appears to be a flexible and robust instrument for the needs analysis and problem identification stages of reducing the obe sogenicity of modern environments. 相似文献
215.
目的:探讨睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(SAS)患者夜间睡眠呼吸参数的变化及相应护理对策。方法:对16例SAS住院患者在治疗前、睡眠姿势训练、气道持续正压(CPAP)呼吸机治疗三种状态下,进行整夜多导睡眠仪监测。结果:在SAS整夜呼吸紊乱中,零点以后其危险因素大大增加,出现严重低氧血症,血压升高,心律失常,尤其是呼吸暂停时间延长,次数增加。而侧卧位可显著地改善低氧血症,最低血氧饱和度(SaO2)从(62±19)%升高至(83±11)%(P<0.01),CPAP呼吸机治疗能使呼吸调节障碍得到明显的恢复,呼吸暂停由(44.3±22.6)次降至(0.25±0.54)次(P<0.01)。结论:护理上应密切观察病情变化,特别是零点以后应加强巡视,除观察呼吸运动外还应警惕脑血管病及心脏疾病的发生,对不具备CPAP呼吸机治疗条件者宜采取睡眠时督促取侧卧位。对SAS患者进行健康教育也是减少危险因素的重要护理措施。 相似文献
216.
新生儿缺氧缺血性脑损伤亚低温干预大鼠模型的建立 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为探讨不同疗程亚低温对新生儿脑损伤的保护作用,建立新生儿缺血缺氧性脑损伤亚 温干预大鼠模型,先在7日龄清洁级SD大鼠上以右颈总动脉结扎术和吸入低氧浓度气体法制备缺血缺氧性脑损伤(HIBD)模型,再将其随机分为室温恢复组(RoT组,n=44)和3种疗程(24h,48h,72h)的亚低温干预组(Hy24组,n=26,Hy48组,n=14,Hy72组,n=20)。亚低温干预期间采用配方奶喂养,并监测脑温 相似文献
217.
Helft G Bartolomeo P Zaman AG Worthley SG Chokron S Le Pailleur C Beygui F Le Feuvre C Metzger JP Vacheron A Samama MM 《Thrombosis research》1999,96(6):1275-485
Whole blood coagulation analysers are widely used during percutaneous coronary interventions. The precise degree of anticoagulation in patients is important in this setting. The aim of this investigation was to compare the results obtained with ACT (Hemochron) and HMT, the Heparin Management Test (TAS) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions. Patients (n=100) were enrolled prospectively. Each patient received 10,000 units of heparin. At the end of the procedure, the mean ACT was 284±31 seconds and the mean HMT was 292±33 seconds. The correlation between the two methods was highly significant (r=0.64, p<0.001). The HMT correlates well with ACT values in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions. Its use in the management of these patients should be considered. 相似文献
218.
219.
为研究健康教育行为干预对降低小学生肠道寄生虫感染率的效果,探讨小学生肠道寄生虫病的防治方法,在苍山县随机选取860名小学生进行为期2年的研究.单纯健康教育行为干预组、行为干预加驱虫组、单纯驱虫组及对照组,肠道寄生虫感染率实验前分别为64.13%、61.23%、63.12%和60.70%,实验后分别为41.67%、26.52%、53.57%和60.61%.结果表明:健康教育行为干预对降低小学生肠道寄生虫感染率具有重要作用;健康教育行为干预加针对性驱虫是控制小学生肠道寄生虫感染的最佳模式. 相似文献
220.
DAVID NEWBOLD 《Journal of clinical nursing》1996,5(6):373-380
- ? Psychological stressors are said to be an important influence on the outcome of chronic illnesses such as rheumatoid arthritis (Engel, 1977).
- ? Helping patients to cope with stressors is identified as a central concept in the delivery of nursing care (Khan et al., 1994). It is thus reasonable to suggest that rheumatology nurses may be key players in the process of coping with rheumatoid arthritis.
- ? But in order for rheumatology nurses to be effective players in this process, they need to discourage coping behaviour(s) linked to poor outcomes, and/or promote an overall behaviour pattern linked to a better outcome. Literature showing the link between different coping behaviours and outcome is examined, and cognitive restructuring is emphasized as one method nurses could use.
- ? Having identified coping behaviour which is optimal in terms of future outcome, further study of different forms of coping-based educational intervention is suggested, to reveal how such patterns of behaviour can be taught by nurses in the most effective way