An overview of recent WHO classification and AJCC pTNM staging changes for testicular neoplasms and their impact on the handling and reporting of orchidectomy specimens

The World Health Organization 2016 Classification of Testicular Tumours and the 8^th Edition of the American Joint Cancer Commission Staging Manual released in 2017 introduced a number of significant changes which impact the way pathologists will be expected to examine and report tumour-containing orchidectomy specimens. The purpose of this review is to highlight the changes to classification nomenclature and pathologic staging criteria for commonly encountered testicular neoplasms of either germ cell or sex-cord stromal origin and to provide an overview of resources available to assist pathologists in the task of providing complete and clinically relevant histopathology reports for orchidectomy specimens.     

头颈部鳞癌TNM分期的进展与展望

头颈部鳞癌的第8版TNM分期在前版基础上做出了许多重要改进,进一步提高了该分期在评估患者预后、指导治疗方案方面的价值.但很多研究表明,该分期的某些方面仍存在改进的空间.该文将对第8版与第7版TNM分期的主要差异、仍旧存在的不足之处,头颈部鳞癌分期的最新研究进展以及未来的发展方向作简要综述.     

miR-7在肾癌中的表达及临床意义研究

目的检测肾细胞癌组织及相应癌旁正常组织中miR-7的表达,分析18达与临床病理特征之间的关系,为进一步研究miR-7在肾癌的发生发展中作用奠定基础。方法收集48例经手术切除的配对肾癌及癌旁组织标本,提取组织中总RNA,经逆转录获得cDNA,采用实时荧光定量PCR（RT-qPCR）方法检测标本中miR-7表达量,并通过统计学软件分析其表达量与患者临床病理特征之间的相关性。结果与相应癌旁组织相比,肾癌组织中miR-7表达量明显升高,其中34例（70.8%）肾癌标本miR-7表达上调,14例（29.2%）表达下调,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。肾细胞癌中miR-7表达上调与患者年龄、性别、肾癌组织类型、TNM分期、AJCC临床分期无相关性（P〉0.05）。结论 miR-7在肾癌组织中明显高表达,提示其可能与肾癌的发生和发展相关,可能成为肾癌早期诊断、治疗乃至预后判断的新的生物标记物。