Vascular modulation through exercise improves chemotherapy efficacy in Ewing sarcoma

Recent studies in mouse models of cancer have shown that exercise improves tumor vascular function, thereby improving chemotherapy delivery and efficacy. However, the mechanisms underlying this improvement remain unclear and the effect of exercise on Ewing sarcoma (ES), a pediatric bone and soft tissue cancer, is unknown. The effect of exercise on tumor vascular hyperpermeability, which inversely correlates with drug delivery to the tumor, has also not been evaluated. We hypothesized that exercise improves chemotherapy efficacy by enhancing its delivery through improving tumor vascular permeability. We treated ES‐bearing mice with doxorubicin with or without moderate treadmill exercise. Exercise did not significantly alter ES tumor vessel morphology. However, compared to control mice, tumors of exercised mice had significantly reduced hyperpermeability, significantly decreased hypoxia, and higher doxorubicin penetration. Compared to doxorubicin alone, doxorubicin plus exercise inhibited tumor growth more efficiently. We evaluated endothelial cell sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptors 1 and 2 (S1PR1 and S1PR2) as potential mediators of the improved vascular permeability and increased function afforded by exercise. Relative to tumors from control mice, vessels in tumors from exercised mice had increased S1PR1 and decreased S1PR2 expression. Our results support a model in which exercise remodels ES vasculature to reduce vessel hyperpermeability, potentially via modulation of S1PR1 and S1PR2, thereby improving doxorubicin delivery and inhibiting tumor growth more than doxorubicin alone does. Our data suggest moderate aerobic exercise should be tested in clinical trials as a potentially useful adjuvant to standard chemotherapy for patients with ES.     

小儿咳喘宁治疗寒性咳嗽97例临床研究

目的:通过临床随机对照试验评价广东省中医院院内制剂小儿咳喘宁的临床疗效。方法:通过简单随机化对广东省中医院儿科门诊220例符合标准的患儿(预计失访率为23%)分为治疗组和对照组,在基础治疗(中药汤剂)的基础上对治疗组使用小儿咳喘宁、对照组使用中枢镇咳药,1个疗程后,比较两组的疗效。结果:治疗组治愈60例,好转26例,有效率为88.6%,对照组治愈61例,好转22例,有效率为90.2%,两组有效率经统计学比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:小儿咳喘宁是治疗小儿寒性咳嗽的有效方剂。疗效与西医中枢镇咳药相仿,治疗组随访中未发现有明显不良反应及成瘾性。     

儿外科手术分级管理评价体系应用研究

目的:研究基于ICD标准的儿外科手术分级管理评价体系在儿童专科医院的实施效果.方法:通过对比分析2017-2019年手术分级管理评价数据,从工作负荷、业务拓展、质量安全三个方面综合评价手术科室的业务能力.结果:2017年7月～2019年6月,该院手术科室业务能力总平均分增长12.0％,服务能力平均分增长7.2％,业务扩...     

257例儿童药物咨询回顾性分析

目的了解我省儿童医院药物咨询工作情况,提高药物咨询服务的质量。方法收集本院2010年1月～2012年12月257例儿科相关药物咨询记录,对咨询者身份、咨询药物类别及咨询内容进行回顾性分析。结果咨询者以患儿家属为主（91．83％）,其次为医生、护士、药师和其他医务人员;咨询药物以抗感染药物最多（19．23％）,其次为临床各科专用药物和消化系统用药;咨询内容以药品用法用量为主（48．16％）,其次为药品不良反应和用药注意事项（14．72％）、药品适应证（11．37％）、药物相互作用和配伍禁忌（8．03％）。结论药物咨询是儿科药学服务的重要内容,是提高儿童用药安全性和合理性的重要途径;提高药物咨询服务水平,有利于提高儿童用药依从性,保证用药安全有效。     

Late response to radiochemotherapy in pediatric glioblastoma: report on two patients treated according to HIT-GBM protocols

High-grade gliomas in children are rare and the best treatment is undetermined. The German language group study HIT-GBM compares various induction protocols for subsequent patient cohorts. Currently, cisplatinum, etoposide, ifosfamide, and vincristine are given simultaneously with extended-field radiotherapy. Imaging is done 3 weeks after to define treatment response, followed by 6-weekly controls during consolidation with lomustine, vincristine, and prednisone. The authors report on 2 patients with incompletely resected glioblastoma multiforme in which response was lacking 3 weeks after radiochemotherapy but became evident 12 weeks later. This suggests that later time points are required to assess induction protocol response.