波依定与洛汀新治疗不同中医证型高血压疗效比较

目的:观察波依定与洛汀新对不同中医证型高血压的疗效是否具有中草药的某些特征,能否按中医辨证选择抗高血压药.方法:按照WHO的标准明确高血压诊断与分级,根据<中药新药临床研究指导原则>分为4型.216例患者随机分为两组,分别给予波依定与洛汀新治疗,疗程4周.分析对总体血压和不同证型血压的影响,以及对不同症状的疗效有无差异.结果:两种药物降低患者总体血压的幅度基本相同;但分层研究,对4种中医证型患者的血压的降低程度明显不同,洛汀新对肝火亢盛型血压降低幅度更明显,波依定对痰湿壅盛型比其它三型降压更好;对阴虚阳亢型和阴阳两虚型两组之间差异无显著性.对各种证型症状的改善作用也显示同样的结果.结论:抗高血压药对不同中医证型高血压的疗效不同,表明西药也同样具有中草药的某些特性,可以根据中医辨证选择抗高血压药.     

茵陈五苓散对大鼠酒精性肝损伤防治作用的研究

目的观察茵陈五苓散对大鼠酒精性肝损伤血清ALT、AST和病理组织学的影响，为临床酒精性肝损伤的防治提供实验依据。方法采用白酒灌胃造模，50只Wistar大鼠随机分成正常组、模型组、预防1组、预防2组、治疗组，分别于实验第5周、第9周末尾静脉取血，分离血清，测定ALT、AST。并于第9周取血后肝脏取材，常规HE染色，光镜观察。结果模型组血清ALT、AST明显升高，预防1、2组、治疗组血清ALT、AST均低于模型组，差异具有显著性（均P〈0．01）。模型组成功建立酒精性肝损伤病理学模型，预防组、治疗组病理学改变较模型组显著减轻。结论茵陈五苓散能有效地预防和治疗大鼠酒精性肝损伤。     

Forensic identification of skeletal remains from members of Ernesto Che Guevara’s guerrillas in Bolivia based on DNA typing

We report the positive identification of several members of the guerrillas led by Ernesto “Che” Guevara on the 1960 s in Bolivia by means of DNA fingerprinting. Successful DNA typing of both short tandem repeat loci and the hypervariable region of the human mitochondrial DNA was achieved after extracting total DNA from bones obtained from two burial sites. Given the size of the Cuban database for the STR allele frequencies, a conservative approach was followed to estimate the statistical significance of the genetic evidence. The estimated probabilities of paternity for the two cases in which the paternity logic was applied were higher than 99%. One case was analyzed using mitochondrial DNA and could not be excluded from the identity proposed by the forensic anthropology team. A fourth case was identified by exclusion, on the basis of the positive identification of the other remains, the historical and other anthropological evidence. Received: 19 January 1999 / Received in revised form: 15 April 1999     

膜性肾病患者临床病理特点及外周血T及Th细胞亚群分析

例膜性肾病患者,根据24 h蛋白尿、血清白蛋白水平分为中高危组78例,低危组22例。另取同期体检的健康志愿者66名为对照组。流式细胞术检测外周血T及Th细胞亚群水平。检测结果显示,间质炎性细胞浸润、肾小管急性病变区在中高危组与低危组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。膜性肾病患者中IgG4荧光强度最高,IgG2荧光强度最弱。T细胞亚群中中高危组和低危组CD3＋CD45＋、CD3＋CD4＋、CD4＋/CD8＋明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。Th细胞亚群中Th9、Th1、Th2、Th2/Th9在各组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Th9、Th1、Th2水平明显低于对照组,Th2/Th9明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结果证明,尿蛋白量越大,膜性肾病患者肾脏急性和慢性病变程度越严重;中高危组患者IgG4为主沉淀,低危组患者IgG1为主沉淀;膜性肾病患者外周血T细胞亚群以CD4＋T细胞为主,伴随Th9、Th1、Th2水平明显升高, Th2/Th9值下降。     

Can one stop nucleic acid sampling (OSNA) predict nodal positivity following neoadjuvant chemotherapy? A prospective cohort study of 293 patients

Until recently, axillary node clearance had long been the standard of care in patients with axillary node-positive disease. One stop nucleic acid sampling (OSNA) has been used to guide intraoperative decision-making regarding suitability for axillary node clearance (ANC). The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of OSNA following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and whether it can predict lymph node burden in ANC. A single center, prospective cohort study was performed on 297 patients having OSNA between 2016 and 2019. Patients were sub-classified according to node positivity at diagnosis and those treated with NACT and outcomes included copy number and lymph node harvest. Axillary complete pathological response was observed in 24/36 patients (67%) following NACT. 14/16 patients (87%) having axillary node clearance had axillary node disease limited to 4 nodes. OSNA copy numbers were significantly higher in patients showing disease progression following NACT. Overall, 73% of patients with lymph node positivity at diagnosis could be successfully treated with a combination of NACT and lymph node excision of four nodes. De-escalating axillary surgical treatment to resection of four nodes following NACT may be effective in balancing oncological resection and limiting treatment morbidity. ONSA can correctly identify patients experiencing disease progression who would benefit from traditional three-level ANC.     

Reactive arthritis after pharyngeal infection: report of two siblings

Abstract

?In this report we describe the cases of two siblings with reactive arthritis (ReA) induced by pharyngeal infections. The patients were a man and his sister living with their parents. He developed arthritis in August 1997, and his younger sister developed similar symptoms in September 1998. Their disease conditions were both severe and required hospitalization. Their conditions improved with the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs together with antibiotics, and both fully recovered within 1–2 weeks. Rheumatic fever was ruled out since streptococcal infections were not demonstrated with antistreptolysin O (ASO) or antistreptokinase (ASK) titers, or with pharyngeal culture. The sister suffered from a rash which was similar to erythema nodosum on her lower extremities, but neither chorea nor carditis was observed. Both human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing analyses revealed positive results for HLA-B40 and -B39 for the brother and sister, respectively. Both HLA-B40 and -B39 are considered to be related to HLA-B27-negative ReA, most likely poststreptococcal reactive arthritis (PSRA). Therefore, the two patients were tentatively diagnosed as suffering from PSRA.     

Pigmented condyloma acuminatum

We herein report a case of pigmented condyloma acuminatum in the genital region. A histopathological examination revealed keratinocyte proliferation, papillomatosis and basal pigmentation. Cellular atypia was rarely observed. The patient also had ordinary skin‐colored nodules on the coronal sulcus. Polymerase chain reaction amplification with consensus primers for human papillomavirus (HPV) and subsequent sequencing confirmed an infection of HPV type 6. Pigmented condyloma acuminatum is not rare; however, making the differential diagnosis between bowenoid papulosis and seborrheic keratosis is sometimes difficult. The mechanism of pigmentation in such cases remains unknown and requires further investigation. HPV typing is a useful method for diagnosing the disease.     

不同评价方法对介入放射工作人员个人剂量监测结果的影响

结核分枝杆菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis, MTB）感染人体后，有两种不同的发病类型，即原发性结核病和原发后（继发性）结核病。本文重点回顾近几年结核病发病学的重要进展，包括以肺泡巨噬细胞、脂质体、泡沫巨噬细胞、肉芽肿等为结构特点的原发性结核病，在结核发病过程中所起到的保护性免疫作用，以及结核空洞等继发性结核病所造成的组织破坏性免疫反应，导致MTB释放、逃离并播散。局部组织MTB抗原持续存在与宿主高致敏淋巴细胞游走，是形成结核免疫独具特色koch现象的基础，决定潜伏性MTB感染向活动性结核病的转化。当前MTB潜伏感染人群很大，因此加强筛查仍是结核病防控的首要措施。     

经颅多普勒脉动指数与病理改变相关性的实验研究

目的探讨经颅多普勒（TCD）脉动指数（PI）与病理改变的相关性。方法采用24只健康雄性新西兰大白兔作实验动物,对其进行高脂饲料喂养及一侧肾动脉狭窄致高血压处理制备动脉粥样硬化模型。分别在实验前、实验第8周、第16周用TCD对颈内动脉及大脑中动脉进行血流速度的检测,然后进行相关病理改变检测。结果颈内动脉在动脉粥样硬化过程中PI值逐渐升高,当PI值〉0.86（P〈0.05）时,病理切片可观察到内皮不完整,有脱落,内弹力层断裂,平滑肌细胞增加,管腔明显变小;大脑中动脉在动脉粥样硬化过程中PI值的改变在各检测点均无统计学意义,病理切片没有明显改变。结论在脑动脉硬化进程中,PI值的改变与动脉的硬化程度及病理变化有较好的相关性。