15例甲状腺间变癌临床病理及免疫组化分析

[目的]探讨甲状腺间变癌的临床病理特征和免疫组化结果的意义。[方法]光镜观察和免疫组织化学SP法检测15例甲状腺间变癌。[结果]甲状腺间变癌的病理分型为梭形细胞型、巨细胞型和混合细胞型。15例中免疫组化阳性表达率分别是：Vimentin86．6％(13／15)、CK73．3％(11/15)、CEA60．0％(9／15），CD68 6．6％(1/15)；TG和降钙素均为阴性。2例伴有乳头状癌其中Vimentin和CK均阳性；1例伴破骨样巨细胞CD68阳性。[结论]甲状腺间变癌是上皮源性、恶性度高的肿瘤。熟悉其形态特征．结合免疫组化对诊断甲状腺间变癌具有重要意义。     

卵巢上皮性癌BRCA1和p53基因表达的临床意义及相互关系研究

目的：探讨BRCA1、p53基因蛋白在卵巢上皮性癌中的表达情况及相互关系。方法：应用S-P免疫组织化学法检测50例卵巢上皮性癌组织中BRCA1和p53蛋白的表达。采用Kaplan—Meier法分析两种蛋白表达情况与患者预后的关系。结果：1)BRCA1蛋白在卵巢癌组织中的阳性表达率仅为30％，明显低于正常卵巢组织(100％)和良性肿瘤组织(90％)(P＜0．01)；BRCA1在低分化癌、有淋巴结转移的卵巢癌组织中表达减少甚至缺失。2)p53蛋白在卵巢癌组织中的表达率为64％，而在正常卵巢及良性肿瘤组织中无表达；其表达仅与病理学分级有关。3)两种基因蛋白表达比较呈显著负相关(P＜0．01)。4)患者生存随访表明，有BRCA1表达的患者平均生存期长于无表达者；而p53对生存时间无影响。结论：BRCA1基因在转录后水平的下调对卵巢上皮性癌的发生发展有重要的作用．同时BRCA1基因与p53基因协同促进肿瘤的演进恶化。     

肺耐药蛋白表达与食管鳞癌临床病理特征的关系

目的　研究肺耐药蛋白(LRP)在食管鳞癌组织中的表达情况及其与临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法　应用Elivision二步免疫组织化学法观察51例食管鳞癌组织和18例癌旁正常粘膜组织(距离癌组织>2cm)中LRP的表达情况,结合临床病理指标包括患者年龄、肿瘤大小、临床分期和淋巴结转移以及生存情况进行统计学分析。结果　肿瘤大于5cm者LRP的阳性率明显高于5cm以下者(P<0. 05),食管鳞癌中LRP表达阳性率高于癌旁正常食管鳞状上皮,高年龄组的LRP阳性率较低年龄组高,有淋巴结转移者LRP阳性率高于无转移者,生存期短者( <3年)的阳性率高于生存期长者( >3年),但P均>0. 05。结论　LRP表达与食管鳞癌肿瘤大小之间存在显著相关性,临床检测LRP阳性不能作为判断食管鳞癌转移和预后的独立指标,但提示LRP表达阳性患者可能有预后差的趋势。     

Whole-abdomen, single-dose consolidation radiotherapy in patients with pathologically confirmed complete remission of advanced ovarian epithelial carcinoma: a long-term survival analysis

The value of consolidation therapy in advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients is controversial. The aim of the present study was to assess the long-term survival of patients with a pathologically confirmed complete remission who had consolidation by single-dose, whole-abdominopelvic radiotherapy. Of 96 histologically confirmed stage II-IV epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients who underwent cytoreductive surgery followed by high-dose, platin-based chemotherapy, 57 were in complete clinical remission at the end of therapy and 50 underwent a second-look laparotomy. The study group comprises 32 consecutive patients who had no pathological evidence of disease and who received 800 cGy single-dose, whole-abdominal radiotherapy by an 8 MEV linear accelerator in a single fraction. The absolute 5-year survival and the actuarial 10-year survival were 78.7 and 63.3%, respectively. The survival was significantly better in patients who had < or =2 cm residual disease at the completion of the original operation. No severe postradiation complications were encountered. Mild complications were seen in three (9.4%) patients. Our data indicate a favorable long-term survival of patients with a negative second-look laparotomy who had consolidation with single-dose, whole-abdominal radiotherapy. These results seem to suggest that a collaborative, prospective, randomized multiarm study is indicated to solve the controversial issue of consolidation therapy.     

SBS与室内环境污染的研究

目的:认识SBS的危害和产生的原因,改善人们生活和居住的环境质量,提高健康水平.方法:研究多种建筑材料和装饰、装潢材料所产生的污染物质及其对人体损害的致病机理.结果:室内环境污染能够严重影响人体健康.结论:人们树立健康新理念,能够降低或消除SBS.     

Polymorphism of the HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 genes of Han population in Jiangsu Province, China

The HLA genes, located on the short arm of human chromosome 6, encode peptides involved in host immune response, are important in tissue transplantation and are associated with a variety of infectious, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases. Moreover, the HLA loci display an unprecedented degree of diversity and the distribution of HLA alleles and haplotypes among different populations is considerably variable. The expression of particular HLA alleles may be associated with the susceptibility or resistance to some diseases. In this study, the genetic polymorphism of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 in Jiangsu Han population was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing （PCR-SBT）.     

肾活检489例临床病理分析

目的回顾性分析本科自2004年8月~2005年6月共489例因肾脏疾病行活检的病理资料,总结重庆地区肾脏疾病的临床病理类型特点。方法参照WHO肾小球疾病组织学分型修订方案(1982年及1995年),对每1例患者均进行临床病理讨论,由病理医师和临床医师结合临床资料、实验室检查结果、免疫病理及超微结构改变特点,共同探讨、明确病理诊断及拟定相应的治疗措施。结果本组489例肾活检组织中有4例为移植肾,其余485例为固有肾脏。患者年龄8~72岁,平均(32±16)岁;男女之比0.72∶1。除移植肾活检者,本组中原发性肾小球疾病占73.40%,继发性肾小球疾病占17.32%,先天性肾小球疾病占0.21%,终末期肾脏疾病占4.12%,小管间质性疾病占4.95%。原发性肾小球疾病以IgA肾病居多(27.20%),其次分别为系膜增生性肾小球肾炎(21.27%),膜性肾病(8.18%),FSGS(6.13%)。继发性肾脏病中以狼疮性肾炎多见(9.41%),其次是紫癜性肾炎(3.27%)。急性肾衰起病者仍以急性肾小管坏死多见,在急性间质性肾病中与药物相关的也不可忽视。肾穿刺并发症少,最严重的是肉眼血尿,余无特殊并发症。结论重庆地区原发性肾小球肾炎仍是最常见的肾小球疾病,其中以IgA肾病和系膜增生性肾小球肾炎最常见,继发性肾脏病以狼疮性肾炎多见,女性占绝对优势。急性肾衰的病理变化多样。肾活检的适应证可以扩大。     

青黛散抗溃疡性结肠炎的作用研究

目的：探讨青黛散抗实验性溃疡性结肠炎的作用。方法：采用三硝基苯磺酸法制备大鼠溃疡性结肠炎模型，HE染色制作病理切片，对其抗实验性溃疡性结肠炎作用进行评价。结果：病理组织学检查表明青黛散有效改善了溃疡性结肠炎。结论：青黛散可有效对抗实验性结肠性溃疡炎。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者中医证型与肝脏病理改变及血清转化生长因子β_1相关性研究

目的　探讨慢性乙型肝炎患者中医辨证分型与肝脏病理改变及血清转化生长因子(TGF) β1含量的关系。方法　对92例慢性乙型肝炎患者进行肝组织病理诊断和中医分型。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定92例患者血清TGF β1。结果　①92例患者病理分型,轻度6 5例,中度19例,重度8例;②92例患者中医分型为肝郁脾虚型4 9例,湿热中阻型3例,肝肾阴虚型11例,脾肾阳虚型6例,瘀血阻络型2 3例;③病理分型轻度者以肝郁脾虚型为主(72 % ) ,中度者瘀血阻络型占6 3% ,重度者8例均为瘀血阻络型;④肝郁脾虚型者血清TGF β1含量最低,肝内纤维化程度轻;瘀血阻络型患者血清TGF β1含量最多,肝内纤维化程度最重(P <0 .0 1) ,其余3型介于两者之间,血清TGF β1含量差异无统计学意义(P >0 . 0 5 )。结论　慢性乙型肝炎以肝郁脾虚型为主,随着肝损害加重,瘀血阻络型逐渐增加。因此,对慢性乙型肝炎轻度者要注重疏肝健脾,对中、重度者要注意活血化瘀     

波依定与洛汀新治疗不同中医证型高血压疗效比较

目的:观察波依定与洛汀新对不同中医证型高血压的疗效是否具有中草药的某些特征,能否按中医辨证选择抗高血压药.方法:按照WHO的标准明确高血压诊断与分级,根据<中药新药临床研究指导原则>分为4型.216例患者随机分为两组,分别给予波依定与洛汀新治疗,疗程4周.分析对总体血压和不同证型血压的影响,以及对不同症状的疗效有无差异.结果:两种药物降低患者总体血压的幅度基本相同;但分层研究,对4种中医证型患者的血压的降低程度明显不同,洛汀新对肝火亢盛型血压降低幅度更明显,波依定对痰湿壅盛型比其它三型降压更好;对阴虚阳亢型和阴阳两虚型两组之间差异无显著性.对各种证型症状的改善作用也显示同样的结果.结论:抗高血压药对不同中医证型高血压的疗效不同,表明西药也同样具有中草药的某些特性,可以根据中医辨证选择抗高血压药.