转染c-kit基因对A375细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:明确转染c-kit基因对A375细胞增殖、凋亡的影响。方法:体外培养人恶性黑素瘤A375细胞,分为A组(实验组)、B组(转染空病毒载体的阴性对照组)、C组(空白对照组)。转染后采用RT-PCR检测c-kit mRNA表达情况,在倒置相差显微镜观察A375细胞分化及形态,MTT比色分析法检测对A375细胞增殖抑制的影响,流式细胞分析术,Anexin-v-PI双染色检测细胞早期凋亡的变化。结果:转染后A组细胞出现不同程度的皱缩、破裂,漂浮细胞增多。RT-PCR半定量分析结果显示,A组扩增出c-kit c DNA 230 bp大小片段,而B、C组则没有扩增出相应大小的片段。转染后A组OD值低于B、C组(P0.05),A组早期凋亡率高于B、C组有显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:转染c-kit后A375细胞增殖被抑制,早期凋亡增加。     

Public awareness of oral cancer,of oral potentially malignant disorders and of their risk factors in some rural populations in Sri Lanka

Amarasinghe HK, Usgodaarachchi US, Johnson NW, Lalloo R, Warnakulasuriya S. Public awareness of oral cancer, of oral potentially malignant disorders and of their risk factors in some rural populations in Sri Lanka. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2010; 38: 540–548. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract – Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the level of public awareness of oral cancer, of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and of risk factors for developing these diseases in a province of Sri Lanka, a country with one of the highest incidences of these diseases in the world. Methods: A cross‐sectional community‐based survey was carried out in Sabaragamuwa province by interviewing 1029 subjects above 30 years of age, over a 1‐year period from November 2006. Results: The level of public awareness of oral cancer was 84%, but only 23% for OPMD. Awareness was especially poor in low socioeconomic groups. The majority of subjects were not aware of the symptoms of oral cancer and of OPMD. Thirty‐two percent were unaware that chewing betel quid was a risk factor for these diseases, as were 65% for tobacco smoking and 81% for heavy consumption of alcohol. Overall, 76% were not aware of any of the dangers inherent in the frequent use of areca nut. The majority of smokers, betel quid chewers and alcohol consumers were not aware that their lifestyles were placing their long‐term health at serious risk. Conclusions: Knowledge of oral cancer, OPMD and their associated risk factors was poor among this population, indicating an urgent need to implement public health education and promotion strategies.     

BD Intima-Ⅱ静脉留置针在小儿硬膜下积液外引流中的应用及护理

<正>硬膜下积液是婴幼儿化脓性脑膜炎的常见并发症,其发病率较高,为10%～60%[1]。无论何种原因引起的硬膜下积液均可产生颅内高压而加重病情,部分患儿在疾病后期,积液形成包裹性囊壁,致使脑组织长期受压而造成永久性神经功能障碍,因     

Pericardial effusion as a rare complication of a perforated appendicitis

IntroductionWhilst pericardial effusion is a known complication of abdominal pathology, it is rarely reported following ruptured appendicitis and even more rarely requires drainage in that situation. This work has been reported in line with the SCARE criteria (Agha et al., 2016).Presentation of caseWe report a 14-year-old male who developed extensive right hepatorenal and right paracolic abscesses, bilateral pleural effusions and a large pericardial effusion following laparoscopic appendicectomy. Due to the size of the effusion, thoracoscopic pericardotomy was required.DiscussionPericardial effusion is a very rare complication of advanced appendicitis despite a demonstrable connection between the retroperitoneum and the mediastinum. Only two cases were reported in our literature search. There is no consensus as to whether percutaneous drainage or pericardiotomy is the treatment of choice.ConclusionThe report is presented as a reminder of a rare complication of a common general surgical condition.     

纤维鼻咽镜下硬膜外导管无创术治疗分泌性中耳炎的临床研究

目的探讨纤维鼻咽镜下硬膜外导管无创术治疗分泌性中耳炎的临床疗效。方法将临床确诊的分泌性中耳炎66耳(56例)随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组36耳(30例)在多媒体监视器下经纤维鼻咽镜用硬膜外导管经咽鼓管咽口插入患侧鼓室腔,以氨溴索强的松龙混合液进行冲洗治疗;对照组30耳(26例)采用传统的鼓膜穿刺法治疗。结果经临床观察及半年随访,治疗组:治愈29耳(占80.6%),好转6耳(占16.7%),总有效率97.2%;对照组:治愈16耳(占53.3%),好转7耳(占23.3%),总有效率76.7%。治疗组总有效率明显优于对照组(χ2=4.70,P<0.05)。结论纤维鼻咽镜下硬膜外导管无创术治疗分泌性中耳炎与传统的鼓膜穿刺法比较具有并发症少,视野清楚,治愈率高,不影响鼓膜的正常生理等特点,可应用于临床,值得推广。     

Malignant transformation of oral verrucous leukoplakia: a clinicopathologic study of 53 cases

J Oral Pathol Med (2011) 40 : 312–316 Background: Oral verrucous leukoplakia (VL) is one of the non‐homogenous oral leukoplakias. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic features of VL and identify the clinicopathologic risk factors that might be associated with VL malignant transformation from China. Methods: Among 1541 patients with oral leukoplakia, a total of 53 patients with clinical and histopathologic diagnosis of VL between 1996 and 2009 were reviewed retrospectively in our hospital. Results: Of the 53 patients, 11 (20.8%) with VL were observed to develop cancer in the study period. The average age at diagnosis was 59.8 years with a male/female ratio of 1.7:1. Tongue was the predominant site (41.5%). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the elderly patients (>65 years old) were associated with 8.36‐fold [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.45–48.09; P = 0.017] increased risk of malignant transformation compared with the non‐elderly patients. The lesion located on gingiva was associated with 20.81‐fold (95% CI, 1.94–222.80; P = 0.012) increased risk of malignant transformation compared with tongue. However, the gender, smoking, alcohol intake, and epithelial dysplasia were not risk factors. Conclusion: Clinicopathologic features of VL in China were elucidated. The utilization of age and lesion site at diagnosis as significant factors for evaluating malignant transformation risk in patients with VL was suggested. Further studies are required to investigate the roles of the potential risk factors in the VL malignant transformation.     

SUCCESSFUL ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND‐GUIDED FINE‐NEEDLE ASPIRATION OF THE PELVIC LESION THROUGH THE SIGMOID COLON

Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) is a useful modality when the target is a lymph node located in the mediastinum, perigastric area or perirectum. Although it is difficult to carry out EUS‐FNA of the colon using an oblique view linear scope, we report two cases of successful EUS‐FNA of the lesions via the proximal sigmoid colon using a recently available new convex type EUS scope. Case 1 was a 77‐year‐old Japanese woman noted to have multiple lymph node swelling in the para‐aortic area and in the pelvis. Case 2 was a 60‐year‐old Japanese woman noted to have a large mass in the left lower abdomen. In case 1, oral EUS showed no lymph node swelling. In both cases, EUS with forward‐viewing radial echoendoscope was carried out via the anus, and multiple lymph‐node swelling or a large mass was observed near the proximal sigmoid colon. In the EUS‐FNA for these cases, we used a new convex‐type EUS scope that has an oblique view, but with a wide‐angled optical device giving a view similar to a forward one. EUS‐FNA was successfully carried out on the lesions. The pathological specimen revealed diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in case 1 and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) in case 2.