同型半胱氨酸对胚胎海马神经元细胞的影响

目的 观察同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine，HCY)对海马神经元细胞分化和增殖的作用机理。方法 采用大鼠胚胎海马神经元细胞进行体外培养。观察不同浓度的HCY(0．01、0．1、1．0、10．0、100．0)mmol／L对细胞分化和增殖的影响。结果 随着剂量的增加．同型半胱氨酸对胚胎海马神经元细胞分化和增殖具有抑制作用，并用流式细胞术分析证明对脂质过氧化(LPO)的影响而使得神经元蛋白质含量增高。结论 同型半胱氨酸可抑制胚胎海马神经元细胞分化和增殖的影响，HCY可能在导致神经管畸形的过程起着重要作用。     

刺梨汁对慢性氟中毒的影响及机理研究

用高氟饲料喂养大鼠６个月，复制出慢性氟中毒模型，再自由饮用刺梨汁３个月，探讨刺梨汁对慢性氟中毒的影响及机理。结果表明：刺梨汁可明显改善氟中毒的一般状况，对已形成的氟斑牙影响不大，但可促进尿氟排泄，降低血清和骨氟含量及尿羟脯氦酸含量，提高血清中维生素Ｃ、维生素Ｅ和血清、肝、肾ＧＳＨ含量，增强血、肝、肾ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ和ＳＯＤ活性，降低血清、肝和肾ＬＰＯ含量，降低尿γ－ＧＴ和血清ＧＰＴ活性及肝ＴＧ含量，提示：刺梨汁具有明显桔抗慢性氟中毒作用，其机理可能是通过促进尿氟排泄和抗氧化作用。     

Effect of pentoxifylline on veno-occlusive priapism-induced corporeal tissule lipid peroxidation in a rat model

Objective: To investigate whether pentoxifylline could play a role in attenuation of the hazardous effects of ischemia/reperfusion on corporeal tissue in a rat model of veno-occlusive priapism (VOP). Materials and methods: Placebo and pentoxifylline were given to eight groups of rats prior to priapism being induced by a vacuum constrictive device for durations of 6 and 12 h, respectively. Half of the groups of rats that underwent the same duration of priapism (ischemic) were subjected to 1 h of detumescence after band removal (reperfusion). One group underwent no manipulation and no drug administration and served as a baseline determination (control). Corporeal homogenates were examined for lipid peroxidation (LP) derived malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation via thiobarbituric acid assay. Results: MDA concentration differed significantly between VOP rats and controls (P < 0.001) but did not differ significantly between ischemic-only groups and reperfused groups (P > 0.05). In the pentoxifyllinepretreated groups, although MDA accumulation tended to be slightly lower than in the placebo groups, the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05) either in the 6- or 12-h duration priapic groups. Conclusions: LP, an indicator of radical oxygen metabolite (ROM) induced injury, occurs in rat corporeal tissue during and after abolishment of VOP. Single-dose pentoxifylline pretreatment failed to exert a protective effect on corporeal tissue in a rat model of VOP in terms of attenuation of LP.     

壮骨肾宝对实验性小鼠高脂血症的影响

目的观察由黄芪、白术、淫羊藿组成的复方制剂(壮骨肾宝)对实验性小鼠高脂血症的影响。方法用蛋黄乳液快速致小鼠单纯性高胆固醇血症和喂养高脂饲料致高脂血症模型 ,观察预防性给予不同剂量的壮骨肾宝后对血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL -ch)的影响。结果壮骨肾宝中、高剂量能使血清TC降低(P<0.05),HDL -ch升高(P<0.01) ,但对TG的影响不大。结论壮骨肾宝有一定降血脂作用 ,并与剂量有关     

延边地区警察人群血脂水平

目的了解延边地区警察人群的血脂水平。方法将382例（男350例，女32例；朝鲜族165例，汉族217例）延边少数民族自治州公安局职工作为观察组，将100例健康人群作为对照组，应用日立7600生化分析仪分别测定甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（CHO）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C），并进行对比分析。结果观察组检出血脂异常者220例，占58．9％；对照组28例，占28％，两者差异有统计学意义（Х^2=27．78，P〈0．01），观察组明显高于对照组。此外，观察组中朝鲜族与汉族的血脂异常率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），但男女差异显著（P〈0．01）。结论延边地区警察人群的血脂代谢异常率明显高于普通人群，无民族差异，提示该人群应及早加强健康教育和其他预防措施。     

Lipoprotein lipase in relation to inflammatory activity in rheumatoid arthritis

Objective. To evaluate the impact of chronic inflammation on lipoprotein lipase (LPL) levels and triglyceride metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Design. Plasma levels of LPL activity and mass before and after heparin were determined in post-menopausal women with active RA and in controls. The results were related to lipid levels and inflammatory variables. The LPL activity and mass together with triglyceride levels were also measured before and 6 h after an oral fat load. Setting. The study was performed on in- and out-patients at a University Rheumatology clinic. The controls came from the same reference area. Subjects. Altogether 17 consecutive post-menopausal female patients with RA and 16 age and sex matched controls were enrolled for the initial determination of LPL. Fifteen of the patients and 15 of the controls agreed to take part in the fat load. Of these, one patient and one control were excluded. Main outcome measures. LPL determination: basal levels and post-heparin levels of LPL activity and mass. Correlations between LPL and blood lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides), lipoprotein levels (high density lipoprotein, HDL; low density lipoprotein, LDL), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) acute phase proteins (orosomucoid, haptoglobin, fibrinogen mass) and cytokines (tumour necrosis factor α, TNF-α; interleukin 1β, IL-1β; and interleukin-6, IL-6). Fat tolerance test: LPL activity, mass and triglyceride levels before and 6 h after a per oral fat load. Results. Pre-heparin LPL mass (P<0.01) and activity (P<0.01) were significantly lower in the rheumatoid patients. Pre-heparin LPL mass showed no correlation to the lipid levels, but an inverse correlation to several inflammatory parameters; it was significant for orosomucoid (r_s=?0.63, P<0.05) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (r_s=?0.54, P<0.05) and close to significant for haptoglobin (r_s=?0.48, P=0.087) and IL-6 (r_s=?0.52, P=0.061). Six hours after a lipid load the LPL activity and mass were significantly lower in RA (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively) but the triglyceride level was not significantly different compared to controls. Conclusion. An inverse relationship exists between inflammatory status and pre-heparin LPL mass. Pre-heparin LPL mass reflects mainly the inactive monomeric fraction of LPL. This has been shown to hinder the uptake of remnant lipoprotein particles through competition with lipoprotein bound dimeric LPL for the LDL receptor-related protein (LRP receptor) on hepatocytes and macrophages in culture. A decrease of the level of monomeric LPL in plasma may thus be beneficial for remnant catabolism. The same mechanism may on the other hand increase macrophage uptake of lipids. This may not affect global lipid metabolism but may be important in driving the atherosclerotic process in the vessel wall.     

北京市城乡乳母的营养状况、乳成分和婴儿摄入母乳量及生长发育的关系——Ⅲ母乳的脂质分析

本文报导了1983～1984年北京市城区(宣武区),近郊区(西红门)和远郊区(大皮营)母乳脂质成分的测定结果,并结合乳母营养状况给予评价。 共测定了207例母乳比重,平均范围在1.018～1.023之间;测定了216例母乳的脂肪含量(g/100g乳),城区平均值为3.78,近郊区为3.31,远郊区为3.08,城区的显著较高;测定了194例母乳胆固醇含量,初乳的最高(23.4mg/100g乳),以后逐渐减低,到第三个月后达稳定水平(约10mg/100g乳),三个调查点的情况相同,测定了221例母乳的脂肪酸组成,其主要成分为油酸(29～37％),棕榈酸(17～25％)和亚油酸(12～25％),远郊区母乳中所含的必需脂肪酸显著较高。 统计分析证明三个地区的乳脂含量(％)与乳胆固醇含量(mg/100g乳)间有显著性相关(P<0.01);188例乳母的膳食脂肪摄入量(g/日或％kcal)与乳脂含量间也有显著性相关(P<0.05),此结果表明,北京城乡母乳的乳脂含量可能受膳食脂质与量的影响,其脂肪酸组成的特点是亚油酸含量高,反映了我国人民以素食为主的饮食习惯。乳中的必需脂肪酸供给量可满足婴儿所需,胆固醇供给量为70～85mg/d,可作为同龄婴儿自母乳摄入量的参考。     

血脂代谢紊乱与冠状动脉病变严重程度的关系

目的:分析血脂代谢异常与冠状动脉狭窄程度的关系.方法:对366例因胸痛而就诊的患者行选择性冠状动脉造影,按冠状动脉狭窄程度分为正常对照组、单支病变组、双支病变组、多支病变组.同时观察患者血脂各成分,并对各组指标进行统计学分析.结果:总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C),在各组之间存在差异,尤其多支病变组与正常组之间差异显著(P＜0.01).TC、TG、LDL-C随冠状动脉病变加重而增加,HDL-C随冠状动脉病变加重而减少,LDL-C与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈正相关,HDL-C与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈负相关.结论:血脂代谢紊乱与冠状动脉狭窄的发生发展有内在的联系,对于预测有无冠状动脉病变及其进展有一定临床意义.     

硫酸锌对肠缺血—再灌注损伤的防治作用

目的：探讨硫酸锌对肠缺血－再灌注（ischemia-reperfusion,I/R)损伤的防治作用及其机制。（2）方法：复制家兔肠I／R损伤模型，观察硫酸锌对超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），黄嘌呤氧化酶（XO）及丙二醛（MDA）含量的影响，实验分为I／R损伤组，硫酸锌＋I／R组和假手术组（Sham)对照组，并进行比较。（3）结果：缺血前3组动物红细胞SOD、红细胞膜及血浆MDA，血浆XO值均无统计学差异，I／R组再灌注后2h与缺血前及Sham组相比，SOD活性显下降，XO活性及MDA含量明显增加（P＜0．01），此外，肠、肺、肝等组织MDA含量亦明显高于Sham组（P＜0．01），静脉给予硫酸锌，可使XO及MDA含量降低，且可防止SOD减少。结论：肠I／R过程中伴有多器官脂质过氧化损伤，硫酸锌通过抗脂质过氧化能减轻或在一定程度上避免再灌注损伤的进一步加剧。