Clonal chromosomal aberrations in simian virus 40-transfected human thyroid cells and in derived tumors developed after in vitro irradiation.

In vitro model cell systems are important tools for studying mechanisms of radiation-induced neoplastic transformation of human epithelial cells. In our study, the human thyroid epithelial cell line HTori-3 was analyzed cytogenetically following exposure to different doses of alpha- and gamma-irradiation and subsequent tumor formation in athymic nude mice. Combining results from G-banding, comparative genomic hybridization, and spectral karyotyping, chromosome abnormalities could be depicted in the parental line HTori-3 and in nine different HTori lines established from the developed tumors. A number of chromosomal aberrations were found to be characteristic for simian virus 40 immortalization and/or radiation-induced transformation of human thyroid epithelial cells. Common chromosomal changes in cell lines originating from different irradiation experiments were loss of 8q23 and 13cen-q21 as well as gain of 1q32-qter and 2q11.2-q14.1. By comparison of chromosomal aberrations in cell lines exhibiting a different tumorigenic behavior, cytogenetic markers important for the tumorigenic process were studied. It appeared that deletions on chromosomes 9q32-q34 and 7q21-q31 as well as an increased copy number of chromosome 20 were important for the tumorigenic phenotype. A comparative breakpoint analysis of the marker chromosomes found and those observed in radiation-induced childhood thyroid tumors from Belarus revealed a coincidence for a number of chromosome bands. Thus, the data support the usefulness of the established cell system as an in vitro model to study important steps during radiation-induced malignant transformation in human thyroid cells.     

237例孕妇羊水细胞染色体遗传分析

目的：分析孕妇羊水细胞染色体异常情况及其与产前诊断各指征之间的联系,探讨羊水细胞染色体核型检查在产前诊断中的作用。方法通过细胞遗传学方法,对237例具有产前诊断指征的孕妇进行羊水细胞培养,并分析其染色体核型。结果237例孕妇羊水培养成功率98.73%（234例）。检出异常核型11例(4.7%),其中数目异常占异常核型的54.55%（6例）,以三体型为主,结构异常占异常核型的36.36%（4例）。在各项产前指征中,B超检查异常和高龄孕妇受检人数最多,超声指标异常的染色体核型异常检出率最高（8.06%）,与其他组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论羊水细胞的染色体核型分析能够有效地对胎儿染色异常进行诊断,是进行产前遗传诊断的有效手段。     

基因组拷贝数变异测序与染色体核型分析在胎儿遗传学诊断中的比较

目的 比较基因组拷贝数变异测序(CNV-seq)技术和染色体核型分析和在产前胎儿遗传学诊断中的应用价值.方法 收集来我院有产前诊断指征进行羊水穿刺的259例孕妇,取材后,送检染色体核型分析和CNV-seq,比较两种方法在产前诊断中的优缺点.结果 259例标本中,共诊断异常染色体核型及微缺失微重复23例,总阳性诊断率8....     

探讨染色体微阵列分析技术在产前诊断中的应用

目的探讨染色体微阵列分析(CMA)技术在产前诊断中的临床应用价值。方法选择2018年7月至2019年6月在滨州医学院附属医院行羊膜腔穿刺的132例单胎孕妇为研究对象,采用传统染色体核型分析技术与CMA技术对所有病例进行检测,并分析比较两种方法所得出的检测结果。结果本研究中染色体核型分析检出1例染色体不平衡变异与13例胎儿非整倍体,CMA检测结果与之相同,但CMA可更精确地给出染色体不平衡变异的异常位点。此外,在3例染色体核型正常的胎儿中,CMA亦检出致病性基因的拷贝数变异,从而对疾病的诊断率提高2.27%。在4例核型正常的胎儿中,CMA检出临床意义不明确的拷贝数变异(CNV),检出率为3.03%;但CMA不能检测出染色体倒位、多态性及平衡易位。结论对非整倍体和不平衡染色体变异的检出率,CMA与核型分析相同,但CMA的敏感性和分辨率更高,同时亦可检出其他有临床意义的基因拷贝数。但因CMA技术自身亦有局限性,尚不可完全替代传统染色体核型分析技术。     

Partial trisomy 16q and partial monosomy 7p of a fetus derivated from paternal balanced translocation: A case report

Introduction:Subchromosomal deletions and duplications could currently be detected by noninvasive preliminary screening (NIPS). However, NIPS is a screening test that requires further diagnosis. Here we report a fetus with an autosomal abnormality revealed by NIPS and conventional karyotype combined with copy number variations sequencing (CNV-seq) confirmed the fetus with an unbalanced translocation.Patient concern:This was the fourth pregnancy of a 30-year-old woman who underwent 2 spontaneous abortions and gave birth to a child with a normal phenotype. The woman and her husband were healthy and nonconsanguineous. NIPS indicated a repeat of about 19-Mb fragment at the region of 16q22.1-q22.4 at 17-week gestation.Diagnoses:The combination of traditional karyotype and CNV-seq could better locate the abnormal chromosomal region and further identify the source of fetal chromosomal abnormalities. Simultaneously, we evaluated the fetal morphology by ultrasound examination. The karyotype of the fetus was 46,XX,der(7)t(7;16)(p22;q23) and CNV-seq results showed an approximately 20.96-Mb duplication in 16q22.1-q24.3 (69200001-90160000) and an approximately 3.86-Mb deletion in 7p22.3-p22.2 (40001-3900000). Prenatal ultrasound revealed the fetal micrognathia. The paternal karyotype was 46,XY, t (7;16) (p22;q23), while the maternal was normal. The fetus inherited an abnormal chromosome 7 from its father.Interventions:No treatment for the fetus.Outcomes:Pregnancy was terminated.Conclusions:To our knowledge, the occurrence of de novo partial trisomy 16q (16q22.1-qter) and partial monosomy 7p (7p22.2-pter) has not previously been reported up to now. Here, we present the perinatal findings of such a case and a review of the literatures. CNV-seq combined with karyotype is a useful tool for chromosomal abnormalities indicated by NIPS.     

两性畸形14例分析

14例两性畸形,13例接受手术治疗,其中2例更改社会性别。侧重讨论了治疗并建议将两性畸形分为三类。     

1例男性46,XY,t（Y;1）不孕症患者的染色体核型分析

目的了解核型为46,XY,t（Y;1）（q12;p33）伴无精子症男性患者的分子遗传学特点。方法采用常规方法制备外周血淋巴细胞染色体,经G显带进行染色体核型分析。结果患者1号染色体短臂与Y染色体长臂相互易位。结论患者无精子症是由于Y染色体与1号染色体易位所致,携带异常核型染色体,可能是影响生育的重要原因之一。     

Multicolor spectral karyotyping of the L5178Y Tk+/- -3.7.2C mouse lymphoma cell line

The L5178Y/Tk+/- -3.7.2C mouse lymphoma cell line is characterized, at the cytogenetic level, by a karyotype involving both numerical and complex structural aberrations. While the karyotype is remarkably normal for a transformed cell line that has been in culture for almost half a century, there are a number of chromosomal alterations that because of their complexity cannot be fully characterized by routine or even high-resolution G-banding studies. Multicolor spectral karyotyping (SKY) was performed on the cell line in anticipation of identifying the previously unresolved chromosome aberrations and confirming interpretations previously identified by banding studies. New chromosome aberrations detected by SKY include numerical aberrations of chromosome 15, duplications of regions of chromosomes 4, 5, 12, and 18, and deletion of chromosome 14. Complex unbalanced translocations involved segments of chromosomes 6, 14, and 15. In total, the SKY technique was able to provide new refined designations on segments of eight different chromosome pairs (4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 14, 15, 18) and identified all three previously unidentified marker chromosomes. This analysis provides an updated standard reference for the karyotype of the L5178Y/Tk+/- -3.7.2C cell line used in the in vitro mouse lymphoma mutation assay.     

常州地区闭经患者细胞遗传学分布特点

目的：探讨常州地区闭经患者细胞遗传学分布情况。方法：按常规染色体核型分析方法进行外周血染色体核型分析。结果：201例闭经患者进行了细胞遗传学检查,发现59例异常,占29.4%,原发闭经55例,继发闭经4例。其中X染色体数目异常26例,占44.1%;单纯X染色体结构异常16例,占27.1%;出现Y染色体12例,占20.3%;X合并常染色体结构异常4例,占6.8%;常染色体异常1例,占1.7%。结论：原发性闭经与染色体异常密切相关,细胞遗传学检查有助于明确病因、有效治疗。