儿科介入呼吸病学的历史 现状及展望

国内儿科呼吸内镜的开展要比成人晚10余年。1985年,我国儿科医院开始使用纤维支气管镜。20世纪90年代,首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院创建了国内首个儿科支气管镜室,国内开始建立对呼吸专业有重大意义的儿科气管镜方法。发展至今,支气管镜术在很多医院都成为了方法过关、安全可靠的有效诊疗手段,对支气管镜术在诊断中的需求性甚至和CT一样普及,特别是对呼吸系统重症和疑难病的诊断与治疗起到了巨大作用。未来,要将儿童介入呼吸病学发展为综合多学科的临床应用。     

Irreversible Electroporation of a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Lesion Adjacent to a Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Stent Graft

We report in a 65-year-old man hepatocellular carcinoma adjacent to a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt stent-graft which was successfully treated with irreversible electroporation (IRE). IRE is a new non-thermal tissue ablation technique which uses electrical pulses to induce cell necrosis by irreversible membrane poration. IRE proved to be more advantageous in the ablation of perivascular tumor with little injury to the surrounding structures.     

中医药不同时机介入治疗脑梗死急性期

目的探讨中医药对脑梗死急性期患者不同时机介入治疗的疗效。方法在脑梗死急性期患者常规治疗的基础上,采用中医药介入疗法,时间点选择在治疗的第1、3、5、7天,利用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表及日常生活活动量表(Brathel指数)等方法分析其临床疗效。结果Ⅲ组(第3天)介入中医药治疗总有效率为95.0%,优于其他各组。结论第3天介入中医药治疗效果最为明显,是相对平衡的介入时间点。     

不同时期介入栓塞术对高分级颅内动脉瘤破裂的治疗效果探讨

目的 探讨高分级颅内动脉瘤破裂患者不同时期介入栓塞术治疗的效果和并发症发生率的影响。方法 选取本院2019年3月—2020年7月收治的86例Hunt-Hess高分级颅内动脉瘤破裂患者,采用随机数字表法分为两组,每组各43例。所有患者均行介入栓塞术治疗,对照组于发病后72～96 h内实施,观察组于发病72 h内实施。比较两组术后指标[格拉斯哥预后评分(GOS)和日常生活活动能力(BI)]、血清学指标[可溶性细胞间黏附分子1(sICAM-1)和基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)]及并发症发生情况。结果 两组出院时GOS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.197,P=0.847);观察组出院3个月时BI评分为(60.42±12.84)分,高于对照组的(36.85±11.54)分,(t=8.953,P＜0.001),观察组术后3个月MMP-9为(432.22±28.29)ng/mL、sICAM-1为(404.21±24.41)μg/L,低于对照组的(491.33±29.20)ng/mL、(534.69±28.54)μg/L,(t值分别为9.534、22.783,P值均＜0.01)。观察组并发症发生率为11.64%,低于对照组的32.57%,(χ2=6.515,P=0.011)。结论 高分级颅内动脉瘤破裂患者于发病72 h内实施介入栓塞术治疗效果较佳,可降低并发症发生率,利于患者预后。     

Potentially malignant disorders—The case for intervention

Potentially malignant disorders (PMD) are recognisable mucosal conditions preceding invasive squamous carcinoma development. Established oral cancer remains a lethal and deforming disease, with a rising incidence. Management techniques for identifiable oral precursor lesions have traditionally been polarised between observational and interventional surgical techniques. By defining salient management goals for treating potentially malignant disease, and examining the evidence supporting the efficacy of treatment intervention, this paper presents the case for interventional laser surgery as a definitive diagnostic and treatment modality.