降主动脉瘤的腔内移植物治疗

目的 探讨腔内移植物治疗降主动脉瘤的可行性。方法 12例降主动脉瘤接受了血管腔内技术治疗,包括5例真性动脉瘤、6例Stanford B型夹层动脉瘤及1例假性动脉瘤。13枚支架型血管在局部（n=2)或全身麻醉（n=10)下经一侧股动脉切开安装在病变部位。结果 腔内技术成功率100％。无瘤体破裂、截瘫、脏器及肢体缺血等并发症。早期并发症：3例早期内漏血。CT及MRA随访1－30个月：5例真性动脉瘤4例被完全旷置,1例内漏转化为持续性。6例Stanford B型夹层入口4例一期封堵满意,2例少量内漏血自愈,4例假腔内完全血栓形成2,例部分形成。1例假性动脉瘤效果满意。结论 腔内移植物治疗降主动脉瘤是一种安全、可靠、实用的新方法。但其远期治疗效果有待继续观察,尤其是夹层动脉瘤的腔内治疗具有更多的不确定性。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗中晚期肝癌的疗效评价

目的评价应用碘化油及四氧化三铁（Fe3O4）微球栓塞治疗原发性巨块型肝癌的临床疗效。方法回顾分析行超选择插管栓塞原发性巨块型肝癌246例,分两组,以碘化油6-27 ml＋Fe3O4250μm,丝裂霉素（10 mg）,5-Fu 250 mg混悬液栓塞,主干应用明胶海绵栓塞126例,选择同期常规剂量碘化油及明胶海绵治疗巨块型肝病120例作为对照组,碘化油用量6-27 ml,分析两组术前后病灶大小变化,近期有效率及生存率。结果碘化油及Fe3O4组近期有效率明显高于碘化油组,碘化油及Fe3O4组1、2、3年生存率分别为89.3%、42.7%、31.2%,而碘化油组分别为53.8%、14.9%、12.6%。结论碘化油及Fe3O4微球治疗巨块型肝癌较碘化油栓塞组疗效有明显提高,可视为治疗巨块型中晚期肝病的有效方法。     

去甲斑蝥素微球介入治疗大鼠肝癌疗效及其机制研究

目的探讨去甲斑蝥素-海藻酸/聚酸酐微球(norcantharidin-alginicacid/polyacidanhydridemicro-spheres,N-MS)介入治疗大鼠肝癌的作用及其机制。方法采用乳化-化学交联法制备N-MS。建立大鼠肝癌模型,将荷瘤大鼠随机分为空白对照组、去甲斑蝥素(norcantharidin,NCTD)组、空白微球(blankmicro-sphere,B-MS)组、NCTD-碘油组和N-MS组。各组荷瘤大鼠分别经肝动脉注入生理盐水、NCTD、B-MS、NCTD-碘油和N-MS。治疗后,观察各组大鼠生存时间、肝肿瘤体积和肝肿瘤坏死程度;采用TUNEL法检测各组大鼠肝肿瘤细胞凋亡指数;采用免疫组织化学链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶连接法(streptavidin-biotinperoxidasemethod,SP)检测各组大鼠肝肿瘤细胞Ki-67的表达。结果治疗后,N-MS组大鼠的生存期较其他各组明显延长;肝肿瘤体积小于其他各组;肿瘤生长率和肝肿瘤细胞Ki-67的表达明显低于其他各组;肿瘤坏死程度和肝肿瘤细胞凋亡指数均高于其他各组,差异均有统计学意义。结论N-MS经肝动脉介入对大鼠肝癌具有较好的治疗作用,其作用机制与栓塞肿瘤微血管、缓慢释放NCTD、诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡和下调Ki-67的表达,从而抑制肿瘤细胞增殖有关。     

Clinical application of interventional techniques in the treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of various kinds of interventional techniques in the treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS).Methods Multiple techniques such as recanalization of the inferior vena cava (IVC) under the guidance of marker and multi-angled fluoroscopy, recanalization of the hepatic vein with a transjugular approach, PTA, Z-expandable metallic stent (Z-EMS) implantation and modified TIPSS were used to treat 103 patients with BCS.Hesults Of 103 patients with BCS, 59 patients with obstruction of IVC were treated using recanalization of IVC. Seventeen patients with hepatic vein obstruction had their hepatic veins recanalized. The rest of the patients were given other methods of interventional treatment. Of all the subjects, 101 successfully underwent their procedures, with a success rate of 98.06% ; and only 2 failed to recanalization of the IVC. Fifty-three patients were treated using PTA for the first time, with a success rate of 100%. In the 48 patients undergoing Z-EMS implantation for the first time, the success rate was 95.8%. Five patients were treated with modified TIPSS. After these interventional treatments, the success rate was 100%. Two patients died 16 h and 72 h respectively after operation because of DIC and severe hemoptysis. SevenS-two patients were followed up for 1 -94 months (with a mean of 42. 3 months). The mean follow-up of a BCS patient treated with PTA was 52. 1 months, resulting in a primary patent rate of 59.4% and a restenosis rate of 40. 6%. The mean follow-up of BCS treated with stenting was 33.5 months, with a primary patent rate of 87.5% and a restenosis rate of 12. 5%. Eight patients died 7 -64 months after the interventional procedure.Conclusion Flecanalization of IVC or the hepatic vein transjugularly, PTA, Z-EMS implantation and modified TIPSS can be regarded as safe and effective micro-invasive methods in the treatment of BCS.     

微波辅助介入治疗肝癌43例

目的 观察肝癌患者动脉灌注与栓塞配合热疗的治疗效果。方法 1999/2003对43例肝癌患者进行动脉超选灌注加热至43℃的顺铂80mg+阿毒素20mg,然后经导管灌注混有阿霉素20mg+丝裂霉素20mg的超液态碘油乳化剂进行栓塞,术中和术后4d,8d,12d,16d运用WF-2102A微波热疗治疗仪进行配合治疗,每次40min,电脑显示测温要求在43℃。结果半年生存率(39/43)90％,la生存率(27/23)62.7％,2a生存率(9/43)20.9％,3a生存率(6/43)13.9％。结论肝癌动脉灌注与栓塞配合热疗临床观察表明,该方法疗效显著,应成为一项重要的非手术治疗方案。     

超声引导下经皮穿刺置管引流在肝脓肿治疗中的应甩

目的 探讨超声引导下经皮穿刺置管引流在肝脓肿治疗中的效果。 方法 回顾性分析我科在2010 年1 月- 2012 年12月超声引导下经皮穿刺置管引流治疗肝脓肿患者110 例（156 个病灶） 治疗情况及并发症发生情况。 结果 110 例（156 个病灶）均穿刺置管成功,置管成功率100%。其中86 例在穿刺置管引流后临床症状及体征消失,超声检查肝内脓腔消失,血常规白细胞总数和中性粒细胞数正常,痊愈率达到78.2%（86/110）。本组并发症发生率为4.55%（5/110）。 结论 超声引导下经皮穿刺置管引流治疗肝脓肿临床疗效可靠、创伤小、并发症少、复发率低,具备较高临床推广价值。     

甲状腺机能亢进介入治疗并发脑梗塞病例分析

目的探讨甲状腺机能亢进介入治疗并发脑梗塞的原因。方法16例甲状腺机能亢进病例,经超选择性插管至甲状腺上、下动脉,使用PVA颗粒进行栓塞。结果16例病例均获临床治愈,其中2例于术中出现脑梗塞,经过及时溶栓治疗,部分临床指标恢复正常。结论介入栓塞甲状腺上、下动脉,可使甲状腺机能亢进症达到临床治愈,但在术中可能并发脑梗塞,分析原因,可以避免或减小出现脑梗塞的几率。     

急性心肌梗死急诊介入治疗后早期T波倒置与Q—T离散度的关系

目的观察急性心肌梗死急诊介入治疗后早期T波倒置与Q—T离散度的关系。方法观察65例急性心肌梗死行急诊介入治疗患者,根据其是否在介入治疗后24h内出现T波倒置,将患者分为T波倒置组45例,未倒置组20例,分别观察肌酸激酶同工酶（CK—MB）、室性心律失常发生率、Q—T离散度及预后。结果T波倒置组肌酸激酶同工酶峰值减低、达酶峰时间提前、QTd及QTcd显著缩短,随访6个月,T波倒置组较未倒置组患者心功能改善明显,心血管事件发生率低。结论Q—T间期离散度变化和介入治疗后是否早期T波倒置均为心肌组织水平再灌注的简易临床指标,与临床预后有密切关系。     

Irreversible Electroporation of a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Lesion Adjacent to a Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Stent Graft

We report in a 65-year-old man hepatocellular carcinoma adjacent to a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt stent-graft which was successfully treated with irreversible electroporation (IRE). IRE is a new non-thermal tissue ablation technique which uses electrical pulses to induce cell necrosis by irreversible membrane poration. IRE proved to be more advantageous in the ablation of perivascular tumor with little injury to the surrounding structures.