luxAB发光基因标记的铜绿假单胞菌株的构建

目的构建表达luxAB发光基因的铜绿假单胞基因工程菌。方法用BglⅡ酶切pUC-luxAB质粒,回收luxAB片段与BamHⅠ酶切的质粒载体pBBR1MCS-5连接形成重组质粒pBBR-luxAB,再转化E.coliDH5α感受态细胞,经庆大霉素抗性、氯霉素抗性、发光检测多重筛选含有pBBR-luxAB重组质粒的的阳性克隆,并设立对照菌株。抽提pBBR-luxAB质粒、酶切、凝胶电泳,验证质粒构建的正确性。通过二亲本杂交方式将pBBR-luxAB质粒导入铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa),构建基因工程菌铜绿假单胞菌(pBBR-luxAB)并对其进行质粒传代稳定性、发光动力学曲线以及发光度和活菌数关系进行测定。结果成功构建pBBR-luxAB重组质粒并且确定其成功转入铜绿假单胞菌中,连续转接4次后质粒保持率仍可达93%。在加入底物20min后,重组菌发光强度趋于稳定水平(1.32mV/ml),其发光强度与活菌量呈显著正相关(r=0.96,P<0.05)。结论该研究成功构建luxAB发光基因标记的铜绿假单胞菌(pBBR-luxAB)。     

Excellent Photonic and Mechanical Properties of Macromorphic Fibers Formed by Eu3+-Complex-Anchored,Unzipped, Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

The macromorphic properties of carbon nanotubes perform poorly because of their size limitations: nanosize in diameters and microsize in length. In this work, to realize these dual purposes, we first used an electrochemical method to tear the surface of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to anchor photonic Eu³⁺-complexes there. Through the polar reactive groups endowed by the tearing, the Eu³⁺-complexes coordinate at the defected structures, obtaining the Eu³⁺-complex-anchored, unzipped, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (E-uMWCNTs). The controllable surface-breaking retains the MWCNTs’ original, excellent mechanical properties. Then, to obtain the macromorphic structure with infinitely long fibers, a wet-spinning process was applied via the binding of a small quantity of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Thus, the wet-spun fibers with high contents of E-uMWCNTs (E-uMWCNT-Fs) were produced, in which the E-uMWCNTs took 33.3 wt%, a high ratio in E-uMWCNT-Fs. On the other hand, due to the reinforcing effect of E-uMWCNTs, the highest tensile strength can reach 228.2 MPa for E-uMWCNT-Fs. Meanwhile, the E-uMWCNT-Fs show high-efficiency photoluminescence and excellent media resistance performance due to the embedding effect of PVA on the E-uMWCNTs. Therefore, E-uMWCNT-Fs can exhibit excellent luminescence properties in aqueous solutions at pH 4~12 and in some high-concentration metal-ion solutions. Those distinguished performances promise outstanding innovations of this work.     

子宫内膜癌患者血清TK1检测的临床意义

目的：探讨血清细胞质胸苷激酶1（TK1）检测在子宫内膜癌诊治中的临床价值。方法：利用免疫印迹增强化学发光法（ECLA）检测154例子宫内膜癌患者血清TK1的含量,同时检测130例子宫内膜良性疾病和121名健康人血清中的TK1含量。结果：子宫内膜癌患者TK1水平[3.14（1.87—3.95）pmol／L]显著高于子宫内膜良性疾病组[1.31（0.95—1.63）pmol／L]和正常对照组[1.24（0.62—1.49）pmol／L]（P〈0.01）;而子宫内膜良性疾病组和正常对照组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。154例子宫内膜癌患者手术后血清TK1水平明显下降。子宫内膜癌患者血清TK1阳性率（61.7％）远高于其他生殖道肿瘤标志物[癌胚抗原（CEA）（15.6％）]、糖抗原[CA199（14.5％）,CA125（17.9％）]。结论：血清TK1检测在子宫内膜癌诊断、预后判断、疗效监测等方面具有一定的临床应用价值。     

基于石墨烯-依来铬青蓝R的新型免标记电化学免疫传感器用于CA19-9检测

目的构建石墨烯-依来铬青蓝R(GO-ECR)免标记电化学免疫传感器高灵敏检测CA19-9的新技术。方法化学法合成氧化石墨烯并滴涂于电极表面,通过循环伏安法电沉积制作GO-ECR修饰玻碳电极,在偶联剂EDC和NHS作用下以共价键合方式将CA19-9抗体固定于修饰电极表面,固定的抗体与CA19-9发生免疫反应形成抗原-抗体复合物。铁氰化钾溶液作为检测探针,对比免疫反应前后铁氰化钾响应信号的差异,利用信号降低程度与CA19-9浓度正相关,实现对CA19-9的特异性高灵敏检测。结果该电化学免疫传感器检测CA19-9的线性范围为0.05～500 U/mL,检测限为0.01 U/mL,且能准确测定临床血清样本CA19-9的浓度。结论构建的GO-ECR免标记电化学免疫传感器可以简单、准确、特异地检测CA19-9。     

电化学发光法检测游离前列腺抗原的效果评价

目的 探讨电化学发光法检测游离前列腺抗原的效果.方法 选取正常体检者80例.经活检确诊的患有前列腺疾病的患者214例,其中前列腺癌(PCa)79例,前列腺增生(BPH)71例,前列腺炎(BP)64例.采用电化学发光法(ECLA)检测各组患者血清总前列腺特异性抗原(tPSA)、与游离前列腺特异性抗原(fPSA)水平并计算其比值f/tPSA.以fPSA＜1 ng/ml为临界点,分析四组患者在fPSA各水平的符合率差异,并计算上述各区间范围内FPSA诊断的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值.结果 前列腺炎组、前列腺增生组患者游离前列腺抗原fPSA、总前列腺抗原tPSA升高,二者比值fPSA/tPSA降低(P＜0.05).前列腺癌组的fPSA、tPSA升高更加明显,fPSA/tPSA值也显著降低(P＜0.05).正常组与前列腺癌组符合率均为100％,前列腺炎组为93.67％,前列腺增生组为95.77％.总符合率为94.72％.结论 电化学发光法检测游离前列腺抗原灵敏度高,特异性强,适用于临床诊断、鉴别前列腺疾病,值得推广.     

Photochemical oxidation of water and reduction of polyoxometalate anions at interfaces of water with ionic liquids or diethylether

Photoreduction of [P(2)W(18)O(62)](6-), [S(2)Mo(18)O(62)](4-), and [S(2)W(18)O(62)](4-) polyoxometalate anions (POMs) and oxidation of water occurs when water-ionic liquid and water-diethylether interfaces are irradiated with white light (275-750 nm) or sunlight. The ionic liquids (ILs) employed were aprotic ([Bmim]X; Bmim = (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium, X = BF(4), PF(6)) and protic (DEAS = diethanolamine hydrogen sulphate; DEAP = diethanolamine hydrogen phosphate). Photochemical formation of reduced POMs at both thermodynamically stable and unstable water-IL interfaces led to their initial diffusion into the aqueous phase and subsequent extraction into the IL phase. The mass transport was monitored visually by color change and by steady-state voltammetry at microelectrodes placed near the interface and in the bulk solution phases. However, no diffusion into the organic phase was observed when [P(2)W(18)O(62)](6-) was photo-reduced at the water-diethylether interface. In all cases, water acted as the electron donor to give the overall process: 4POM + 2H(2)O + hν → 4POM(-) + 4H(+) + O(2). However, more highly reduced POM species are likely to be generated as intermediates. The rate of diffusion of photo-generated POM(-) was dependent on the initial concentration of oxidized POM and the viscosity of the IL (or mixed phase system produced in cases in which the interface is thermodynamically unstable). In the water-DEAS system, the evolution of dioxygen was monitored in situ in the aqueous phase by using a Clark-type oxygen sensor. Differences in the structures of bulk and interfacial water are implicated in the activation of water. An analogous series of reactions occurred upon irradiation of solid POM salts in the presence of water vapor.     

飞行人员宇宙辐射估算与实验测量的比较研究

目的为了保护民航飞行人员的身体健康,对其在飞行过程中受到的宇宙辐射剂量进行监测,并对估算系统和实际剂量计测定值准确性进行对比研究。方法选定11个往返航班的飞行员佩戴个人剂量计并检测辐射受照水平,同时采用美国民航局开发的宇宙辐射剂量估算系统CARI-6软件计算相同航线飞行员宇宙辐射受照水平,并对上述两种方法结果进行比较。结果 7条国际航线计算机模拟与实测数据准确度比值为1.06±0.32,2条国内航线计算机模拟与实测数据准确度比值为0.82±0.08,国际往返航班所受最大辐射剂量率为4.12μSv/h,国内往返航班所受最大辐射剂量率为2.26μSv/h。结论两种方法有较好的符合度。飞行员受到的千小时宇宙辐射有效剂量在ICRP和我国国家标准建议的限值以下,但对可能受到较高宇宙辐射的飞行员仍应采取预防措施。     

壳聚糖定量分析方法的研究进展

壳聚糖(chitosan)是目前自然界唯一带阳离子的碱性多糖,具有减肥降脂、增强免疫力等生物活性,使其在医药和功能性食品领域都备受关注,因此,以壳聚糖为核心成分的产品质量控制是一个重要的研究课题.本文综述了近年来壳聚糖定量分析的主要方法,包括光谱法、电化学法和高效液相色谱法等,并对其分析测定的发展进行展望,旨在为各类产品中壳聚糖的定量分析提供新的思路.     

Electrochemical Activity and Damage of Single Carbon Fiber

The electrochemical activity of a carbon fiber was characterized at different potentials in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, and the fiber cylindrical surface changed by polarization at different potentials was revealed by SEM, AFM, optical microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and XRD. The results showed that the carbon fiber exhibited different electrochemical activities at some polarization potentials; within a 3V potential range the anodic and cathodic polarization current densities stepped up by more than 5 orders of magnitude, and the carbon fiber (CF) surface dramatically changed with time. Strong anodic polarization appeared to facilitate the breakdown of C-C covalent bonds in the carbon fiber and enhance the amorphization of the fiber surface.